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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)amak / *K(i)apakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 forehead 2 front part 3 eyelid 4 eyebrowface="Times New Roman Star"1 лоб 2 передняя часть 3 веко 4 бровь
face="Times New Roman Star"qapaq 3 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kabak 'bald', dial. kabag 1, 2, 'face', 'skull'face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z qabag|y 3, dial. taw qabag|y 'mountain slope'face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 1, 2 (Sangl., Бор. Бад.)face="Times New Roman Star"qo|vo|q 3face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qawaq 3face="Times New Roman Star"qavaq 'nose bridge' (ЯЖУ)face="Times New Roman Star"GabaG 2, (poet.) 'face'face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:baG 3face="Times New Roman Star"xamax 1face="Times New Roman Star"qamaq, qabaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"qamaq, qabaq 4, dial. 1



face="Times New Roman Star"xavaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 4face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'pitfall'face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'place under the forehead; edge of shore'face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'precipice'


face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'cleft'
face="Times New Roman Star"go"z qabag|y 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 228, ЭСТЯ 5, 161, Лексика 199-200. An extremely complicated case: forms meaning 'eyelid' are traditionally analysed as derived from *Kap- 'to cover' - but the Turkm., Uzb. and Uygh. forms clearly contradict such a derivation by displaying unmistakable vowel length. A trace of the original meaning 'forehead, eyebrow' (later shifted to 'eyelid') in the Kypchak languages (not distinguishing vowel length) may be found in expressions meaning 'to frown (one's forehead, eyebrows)': Kirgh. qabaq tu"j-, bu"rko"-, Kaz., KKalp. qabaq tu"j-. The form *Ka:pak may have been additionally influenced by PT *Ka:p 'sack; to surround' (v. sub *k[a:]p`a/), *Ka:p(ak) 'caul, hymen' (v. sub *k`a:p`a/). The variation of *-m- and -p- (cf. the archaic Siberian reflexes with -m-) is parallelled by a similar variation in TM and Japanese and may reflect an original cluster, but may have been an innovation due to the contaminations with *Kap- and *Ka:p.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"bu"r/ / *Kebir/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"carpet, rugface="Times New Roman Star"ковер
face="Times New Roman Star"keviz (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ju"z (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"kebiz (MA), ko"wu"z (Xwar.), ko"wu"z (CCum.), kevu"z (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"kigizface="Times New Roman Star"kebe|z, ke|ve|z


face="Times New Roman Star"kib@sface="Times New Roman Star"kemisface="Times New Roman Star"kebis
face="Times New Roman Star"(Bulg.) > ORuss. kovьrъ 'carpet'

face="Times New Roman Star"xevis
face="Times New Roman Star"kebez
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jizface="Times New Roman Star"ko"jo"d|face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ju"z OL



face="Times New Roman Star"gujuz (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 692, ЭСТЯ 5, 83. Turk. > Mong. kebis ( > Man. kebisu etc., see ТМС 1, 444), see Clark 1980, 39., Cf. Khalkha xiv 'gauze, cre^pe', xo"vo"n| 'cotton'. ЭСТЯ 5, 13.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gu":c?face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"powerface="Times New Roman Star"силаface="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"gu"z?|face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (Sangl., Pav. C., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"kuc?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?face="Times New Roman Star"kus?face="Times New Roman Star"gu"z?|face="Times New Roman Star"gu":c?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"sface="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ic?
face="Times New Roman Star"ku":sface="Times New Roman Star"ku":sface="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sface="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c?face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 306, EDT 693, ЭСТЯ 3, 96-98, Stachowski 166.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"n/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (itr.) 2 to burn (tr.) 3 to kindle 4 to get burnt 5 soot 6 strong smell of burnt 7 unpleasant smellface="Times New Roman Star"1 гореть 2 жечь 3 зажигать 4 обгорать 5 сажа 6 сильный запах горелого 7 неприятный запахface="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n- (Argu MK), ko"j- 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) ko"j-, ku"j- 1; ku"je 5face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (Abush., MA, Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"kuj- 1, kuja 5face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j-, ku"j- 1, ko"jdu"r- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ku"jo" (dial.) 5face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ko"je 5face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5face="Times New Roman Star"kie_n- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku", k@w|v 6 (Ашм.), k@w|s/ek 7; kъw|vajt 5

face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 309, EDT 726, 730, ЭСТЯ 5, 88-89, 133, Лексика 362, Мудрак Дисс. 75. The Az. form is somewhat dubious, both semantically ("itch") and phonetically (irregular voiced g-). See also *ko"n/- 'to grieve, suffer'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"n/- ( ? -j-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to suffer, grieve 2 to regret 3 to envy 4 to be angry 5 to offend 6 grief, sorrowface="Times New Roman Star"1 страдать, горевать 2 жалеть 3 завидовать 4 гневаться 5 обижать 6 печаль
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- ? ko"j-: ko"n|li ku"ju"p 'with pain in one's heart' (MK), ku"j- 4 (KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ju"-, ko"jen- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"kuj-, kujin- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j-, ko"ju"n- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"go"jna"- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-du"r- 5, ku"ju"n- 3face="Times New Roman Star"(jirek) kie_n- 1face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|v@s/- 3



face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"ju"n- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"jin- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"ju"n- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ko"jo"no"s 6face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"ju"n- 1, ku"ju"k 'envious'

face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"jin- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 726. In all languages the root is completely homonymous with the reflexes of *ko"n/- 'to burn' (v. sub *k`u\n/e), which throws doubts on its etymological independence.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kebru"c?face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"ash treeface="Times New Roman Star"ясень
face="Times New Roman Star"kevrik 'hornbeam' (Vitex agnus castus) (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"c?, ku"vru"c? (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qoryc?-ag|ac?



face="Times New Roman Star"go"jru"s?




face="Times New Roman Star"kavъrъs/, kavrъs/ > Hung. ko:'ris





face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jris?face="Times New Roman Star"qoros-ag|asface="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"c?, Balk. ku"jru"c?



face="Times New Roman Star"gu"jru"c?face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 690, VEWT 245, ЭСТЯ 5, 152, Лексика 136, Bla"sing 2002. Volga-Turkic languages have a secondary vowel assimilation due to the compound with ag|ac?. Cf. also Osset. ka"rz(a") < Turk., see Abayev 1, 587-588; on Hung. ko?ris < Turk. see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:b-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to chewface="Times New Roman Star"жевать
face="Times New Roman Star"kev- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"gev-face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?a"-face="Times New Roman Star"kevis? 'cud' (MA, Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"kaws?a-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"js?i-
face="Times New Roman Star"go"ju"s? 'cud'face="Times New Roman Star"ga":vu"-s? 'cud'face="Times New Roman Star"kipse-n-face="Times New Roman Star"kepz?e-n-face="Times New Roman Star"keps?e-face="Times New Roman Star"ka":vis? 'cud'face="Times New Roman Star"kavle-face="Times New Roman Star"kebi:-
face="Times New Roman Star"kegz?e-n-face="Times New Roman Star"kegz?e-face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-s?-o"-face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jis 'cud'face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jze-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jo"s? 'cud'
face="Times New Roman Star"gevs?e-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"vs?e-n-face="Times New Roman Star"gu"jse-face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?a"-face="Times New Roman Star"gu"js?e-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 244, EDT 687, ЭСТЯ 3, 5-7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*kepelekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"butterflyface="Times New Roman Star"бабочка
face="Times New Roman Star"kepeli (MK), kebelek (Tefs.), kelebek (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"kelebek; ko"pelek, kepenek (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be|le|kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pelek (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"kapalakface="Times New Roman Star"kepile|k
face="Times New Roman Star"ka"pa"na"kface="Times New Roman Star"kebelek, kepelek (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"xobanax, xubanaxface="Times New Roman Star"xopaxface="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"lo"k



face="Times New Roman Star"xovag|an
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"po"lo"k
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pelekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"ba"la"kface="Times New Roman Star"go"belekkeface="Times New Roman Star"kelebekface="Times New Roman Star"k/eb/elakface="Times New Roman Star"go"belek
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"melekface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 689, ЭСТЯ 5, 13-15, Лексика 187.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"n(el/) / *gun/al/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 sun 2 day 3 sunny place 4 sun-heatface="Times New Roman Star"1 солнце 2 день 3 солнечное место 4 солнечный жарface="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.), ku"nes? 3 (YB), isig qujas? 4 (OUygh. - Br.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qujas? 4 (MK), ku"nes? 3 (Tefs.)face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 2, gu"nes? 1, (dial.) gujas? 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n 1, 2, qojas? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qujas? 1 (Sangl., Abush., Pav. C.), ku"nes? 1 (Pav. C., Abush., Бор. Бад.), ku"n 1, 2 (Pav. C., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"kun 1, 2, qujo|s? 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, (dial.) qojas? 1face="Times New Roman Star"kun 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2, gu"na"s? 1face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2, gu"nes? 1, 4, quja:s? 1 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qujas? 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, dial. qujas? 1 (Kumd., Leb.)face="Times New Roman Star"kin, ku"n 1, 2, kina"s? 'sonnig'face="Times New Roman Star"kon 2, x@w|vel 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, kuja:s 'heat'face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, kun/a:s 'heat'face="Times New Roman Star"xu"n 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"xu"n 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qyjas 4face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n 1, 2, ko"na"s 4, qojas? 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2, gu"nes? 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, ku"nes? 1, qujas?, qujas 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qujas? 1face="Times New Roman Star"gu":n 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2 gu"nes? 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 301, 309 (Ra"sa"nen separates *gu"n and *gun'al', which is hardly justified); EDT 679, 725, 734, ЭСТЯ 3, 100-104, 6, 112-113, Лексика 20-21, 64-65, 77-78, Федотов 1 306-307, Stachowski 161, 164. The forms *gu"n/el/ and *gun/al/ must be old dialectal variants.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"niface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 co-wife 2 envy, jealousy 3 jealous, envious person 4 to be jealous, envyface="Times New Roman Star"1 одна из нескольких жен 2 зависть, ревность 3 ревнивец, завистник 4 ревновать, завидоватьface="Times New Roman Star"ku"ni (OUygh.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ni (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"go"nu", gu"nu" 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nda"s? 1, ko"n-c?e 3, kene (dial.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ni (MA, Pav. C.) 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"kundas? 1, kunc?i 3face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nda"s? 1, ku"n-lu"- 4, ku"n-c?i 3face="Times New Roman Star"kun bol- 4 (ЯЖУ)face="Times New Roman Star"gu"nu" 1face="Times New Roman Star"gu"ni 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n-ne- 4, ku"nz?|i 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nu" 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nu": 2
face="Times New Roman Star"xu"n-ne- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nu", ku"ndo"s? 1, ku"nu"-lo"- 'to be jealous (of women)'face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ndes 1, ku"n-de- 4face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ndes 1, ku"n-le- 4face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nda"s? 1, ko"n-la"- 4, ko"n-so" 3

face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ndes? 1, ku"n-le-, ku"nu"-le-, ko"nu"-le- 4face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ndes 1, ku"n-le- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n-c?u" 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 307, 309, EDT 727, ЭСТЯ 3, 104-105, Мудрак 76, Федотов 1, 269. Cf. perhaps also Yak. kiji:t, Dolg. kini:t 'sister-in-law' (?).
face="Times New Roman Star"*gu":r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"autumnface="Times New Roman Star"осеньface="Times New Roman Star"ku"z (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"gu"zface="Times New Roman Star"ko"zface="Times New Roman Star"gu"z (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"kuzface="Times New Roman Star"ku"zface="Times New Roman Star"kuzface="Times New Roman Star"gu"z-a"m 'autumn wool'face="Times New Roman Star"gu":zface="Times New Roman Star"ku"sface="Times New Roman Star"ku"sface="Times New Roman Star"ku"s
face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|rface="Times New Roman Star"ku"hu"nface="Times New Roman Star"ku"hu"nface="Times New Roman Star"ku"sface="Times New Roman Star"ku"sface="Times New Roman Star"ku"zface="Times New Roman Star"ku"zface="Times New Roman Star"ku"zface="Times New Roman Star"ko"d|face="Times New Roman Star"ku"zface="Times New Roman Star"gu"zface="Times New Roman Star"ku"zface="Times New Roman Star"ku"z
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"zface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 312, EDT 757, TMN 4,10, ЭСТЯ 3, 94-95, Лексика 75, Stachowski 164.
face="Times New Roman Star"*A>n|(k)ytface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wild duckface="Times New Roman Star"дикая уткаface="Times New Roman Star"an|yt (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"an|yt (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"angut 'огарь', ankyt (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"anqud (Sngl)face="Times New Roman Star"ang|irt 'red duck'
face="Times New Roman Star"an|ytface="Times New Roman Star"anGut-boGaz 'длинношеий'face="Times New Roman Star"an|k 'red duck'face="Times New Roman Star"a:t













face="Times New Roman Star"anqyt, ankit 'ostrich, vulture, dragon'

face="Times New Roman Star"han|qutface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 21, Лексика 172. Doerfer's (TMN 2, 129) PT *an|gyrt is a quite artificial construct: it is based on occasional modern forms (like Uzb. an|g|irt) which reflect a contamination of *an|yt and the borrowed Mong. an|g|yr (with the influence of an|gyrt 'careless'). All old sources (see EDT 176) reflect only *an|yt. (Yak. n/ynta:la 'горбоносый турпан' (Пек.), despite VEWT, < Evk. niltalbuki 'a black duck with white head, from nilta- 'to loose hair', lit. 'bald bird' ТМС I 593; anny, andy < TM *andi; ann/a, ann/aryjar dial. 'a k. of sea bird, морянка' (ДСЯЯ 48) < Mong. an|gir).
face="Times New Roman Star"*i:r/ / *y:r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 trace 2 furrowface="Times New Roman Star"1 след 2 борозда, межаface="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1face="Times New Roman Star"i>z 1, yzan 2face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1face="Times New Roman Star"is 1face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1face="Times New Roman Star"y:z 1face="Times New Roman Star"i>s 1
face="Times New Roman Star"is 1
face="Times New Roman Star"j@r 1, jъran 2

face="Times New Roman Star"is 1
face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1face="Times New Roman Star"i>z 1face="Times New Roman Star"yz 1, yzan 2face="Times New Roman Star"i>d| 1, yd|an 2face="Times New Roman Star"yz 1face="Times New Roman Star"jiz 1face="Times New Roman Star"iz, yz 1face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1
face="Times New Roman Star"hyzan 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 277, ЭСТЯ 1, 383-385, 646, 647, VEWT 175, Егоров 79, 75. There exists a verbal derivative *i:r/-te- 'to follow one's tracks', attested as iste- as early as in OUygh. (see EDT 243) and in many modern languages (see ЭСТЯ 1, 383); but simultaneously there is a variant *i:r-te- (with *-r/- > -r- according to Helimski's rule), attested already in MK (see EDT 208) and in Yak., Dolg. irde:-, see Stachowski 128.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to drinkface="Times New Roman Star"питьface="Times New Roman Star"ic?- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ec?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ys?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"@s-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-, es?- (R., Верб.)face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"@s/-face="Times New Roman Star"is-face="Times New Roman Star"is-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"es-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"i:c?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 168, EDT 19, ЭСТЯ 1, 391, Егоров 66, Stachowski 129.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Eder-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to followface="Times New Roman Star"следоватьface="Times New Roman Star"eder- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ed|er- (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"ija"r-
face="Times New Roman Star"eja"r- (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ezer-
face="Times New Roman Star"ejer-face="Times New Roman Star"izert-


face="Times New Roman Star"jer-

face="Times New Roman Star"eder-

face="Times New Roman Star"ijer-
face="Times New Roman Star"i>ja"r-




face="Times New Roman Star"ijer-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 67, VEWT 36, ЭСТЯ 1, 242-245, Егоров 61-62.
face="Times New Roman Star"*egir-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to twist, spinface="Times New Roman Star"крутить, прясть
face="Times New Roman Star"egir- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ejir-face="Times New Roman Star"ir- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"egir- (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"jigir-face="Times New Roman Star"jiger-, igir-
face="Times New Roman Star"a"jir-face="Times New Roman Star"egir-face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-, egir-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ha"jir-face="Times New Roman Star"avъr-la-face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-is- 'спутаться о лесках'; ieregej 'humming-top'face="Times New Roman Star"ieregej 'drill'face="Times New Roman Star"e:r-
face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-
face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-
face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ig|er-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 112, ЭСТЯ 1, 227-231, TMN 2, 192, Федотов 1, 27, Stachowski 122. The Chuv. form reflects a partial merger with *ebir- (v. sub *i_a>\pV).
face="Times New Roman Star"*(j)igneface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"needleface="Times New Roman Star"иглаface="Times New Roman Star"jin|ne (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jigne (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ijneface="Times New Roman Star"ina"face="Times New Roman Star"igne (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"igna"face="Times New Roman Star"igna", jin|na", jigna"face="Times New Roman Star"jin|neface="Times New Roman Star"ijna"face="Times New Roman Star"igne, in|neface="Times New Roman Star"in|eface="Times New Roman Star"inga"face="Times New Roman Star"ijneface="Times New Roman Star"i:na" ( < Az.)
face="Times New Roman Star"inne, in/eface="Times New Roman Star"in|ne, in/e, inneface="Times New Roman Star"ine
face="Times New Roman Star"ijneface="Times New Roman Star"i>jnaface="Times New Roman Star"ijneface="Times New Roman Star"i>na"face="Times New Roman Star"ijneface="Times New Roman Star"i:na"face="Times New Roman Star"ijneface="Times New Roman Star"ijne
face="Times New Roman Star"ineface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 110, VEWT 169, ЭСТЯ 1, 367-369, Лексика 106.
face="Times New Roman Star"*in-gek (/*yn-gak), *in-kenface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 cow 2 female camelface="Times New Roman Star"1 корова 2 верблюдицаface="Times New Roman Star"ingek (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, ingen 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ingek 1, ingen 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"inek 1face="Times New Roman Star"i>na"k 1 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"inek 1 (AH), inen 2 (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"ina"k, ina"j 1 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ina"k 1, (dial.) ingan, in|gan 2face="Times New Roman Star"inek, enek 1face="Times New Roman Star"ina"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"inek 1 (ЭСТЯ), inen 2face="Times New Roman Star"i>nek 1face="Times New Roman Star"inek, na"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"inek, ijnek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"@ne 1face="Times New Roman Star"ynax 1
face="Times New Roman Star"inek 1, en|gin 2
face="Times New Roman Star"inek 1, in|gen 2face="Times New Roman Star"inek 1, i>n|gen 2

face="Times New Roman Star"inek, ijnek 1face="Times New Roman Star"inek 1face="Times New Roman Star"inek 1face="Times New Roman Star"in|gen 2
face="Times New Roman Star"inek 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 184, VEWT 172, ЭСТЯ 1, 358-361, Егоров 64, Лексика 436, 447-448). Turk. > Mong. in|gen 'female camel'; Hung. u"no? 'heifer' (Gombocz 1912).
face="Times New Roman Star"*iniface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"younger brotherface="Times New Roman Star"младший братface="Times New Roman Star"ini (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ini (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"iniface="Times New Roman Star"i>ni>face="Times New Roman Star"ini (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"iniface="Times New Roman Star"iniface="Times New Roman Star"ini, ynyface="Times New Roman Star"ini (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ini

face="Times New Roman Star"ini, i:n

face="Times New Roman Star"ini, ini:face="Times New Roman Star"ini-bi:

face="Times New Roman Star"iniface="Times New Roman Star"i>ni>face="Times New Roman Star"iniface="Times New Roman Star"i>ni>


face="Times New Roman Star"ini
face="Times New Roman Star"iniface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 170, VEWT 172, TMN 2, 226, ЭСТЯ 1, 362-363, Лексика 292, Stachowski 126.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:n-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to suffer 2 to be abashed, distressed 4 colic 5 to grizzle, slug 6 (birth) pains, labours 7 impatience 8 drag, disturbance 9 flaw, fault 10 obtuse, absent-minded 11 to torture, offendface="Times New Roman Star"1 страдать 2 растеряться, прийти в замешательство 4 колика 5 капризничать, нежиться 6 потуги, родовые схватки 7 нетерпение 8 обуза, помеха 9 упущение, промах 10 рассеянный, бестолковый 11 мучить, обижатьface="Times New Roman Star"enegu" 4 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"enc?ik- 'to lose feelings' (MK, KB), enegu" 4 (MK), enit- (AH) 2face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1face="Times New Roman Star"intek- 1, enz?|e-le- 5face="Times New Roman Star"entu"k- 1face="Times New Roman Star"entik- 1face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|ik 6
face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i 6, enc?ik 7face="Times New Roman Star"i.nz?|i- 1face="Times New Roman Star"andъx- 1, 7, anzux 'dumb, sclerotic person'face="Times New Roman Star"enn'e-lik 8, enc?i 9


face="Times New Roman Star"ente-le- 2, entik- 'to suffer from dyspnoea', eno": 10
face="Times New Roman Star"enew 4face="Times New Roman Star"intek- 1, inte- 11face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1face="Times New Roman Star"enz?|ek 'newborn'face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|yt-, inc?it- 11 (T)

face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 174, 184, ЭСТЯ 1, 283, Егоров 29. Doerfer (Khal.) suggests Arabic origin, which is quite improbable. Vowel length is suggested by the voiced -z?|- of the suffix in several languages.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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