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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*ja:t face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"foreign(er) face="Times New Roman Star"÷óæîé, èíîñòðàííûé face="Times New Roman Star"jat (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jat (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jat (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jat face="Times New Roman Star"jat (Pav. C. , AH , Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jo|t face="Times New Roman Star"jat face="Times New Roman Star"jad face="Times New Roman Star"ja:t face="Times New Roman Star"c?at face="Times New Roman Star"jat, d/at face="Times New Roman Star"z?|at face="Times New Roman Star"z?at face="Times New Roman Star"jat face="Times New Roman Star"jat face="Times New Roman Star"jat face="Times New Roman Star"z?at face="Times New Roman Star"jat face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 882, VEWT 192, ÝÑÒß 4, 158-159, Ëåêñèêà 564. Turk. > WMong. z?|ad, Kalm. zad (KW 462, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 123).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAgyr face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 chap, saddle-gall on back of an animal 2 wound, chafe on human body face="Times New Roman Star"1 ññàäèíà íà ñïèíå æèâîòíîãî 2 ðàíà, ññàäèíà íà ÷åëîâå÷åñêîì òåëå face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yr 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yr 1 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jag|ir 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jeg|i(r) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"d/u:r 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|o:r 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?awyr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jawyr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?awyr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 65, TMN 4, 183. External evidence suggests that this root should be kept distinct from *jagyr, *jagryn 'back, shoulderblade' (v. sub *dagV ).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jagyr, *jagryn face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"back, shoulderblade face="Times New Roman Star"ñïèíà, ëîïàòêà face="Times New Roman Star"jag|ry, dial. jag|yr, jag|ry face="Times New Roman Star"jawyryn, jawyrny, z?|awyr (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jag|ryn (Pav. C. , AH , Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jag|rin face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yrny; jag|yryn, jag|ryn (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jawyryn face="Times New Roman Star"jawyryn (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jag|r@ (Kakuk ) face="Times New Roman Star"jawrun face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 178, ÝÑÒß 4, 65-67, Äûáî 139-141, Ëåêñèêà 242.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jaglyk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"kerchief face="Times New Roman Star"ïëàòîê face="Times New Roman Star"jag|lyk face="Times New Roman Star"jawlyq face="Times New Roman Star"jag|liq face="Times New Roman Star"jajlyG face="Times New Roman Star"jag|lyq, dial. ja:lyq face="Times New Roman Star"s/ulúk face="Times New Roman Star"z?|o:luq face="Times New Roman Star"z?awlyq face="Times New Roman Star"jawlyq face="Times New Roman Star"jawlyq face="Times New Roman Star"ja:lyq face="Times New Roman Star"jag|lyq face="Times New Roman Star"z?awlyq face="Times New Roman Star"jawluq face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 61 (with Turkm. ja:Glyq), Ìóäðàê 27, Àøì. XII, 224, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 132-133. Derivation from *jag 'fat' (TMN 4, 179) seems quite improbable.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jab-c?y face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"in-between, matchmaker face="Times New Roman Star"ñâàò face="Times New Roman Star"jawc?y face="Times New Roman Star"javc?y (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|awc?y (dial.), z?|o|wc?i face="Times New Roman Star"d/u:c?y, ju:c?y face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u:c?u face="Times New Roman Star"z?aws?y face="Times New Roman Star"jaws?y face="Times New Roman Star"jawsy face="Times New Roman Star"z?aws?y face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 176, ÝÑÒß 4, 34. Turk. > WMong. z?|abu(l)c?i, Khalkha z|u:c? id. (hardly vice versa, despite Ro/na-Tas KM II 125-126).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.r/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to write face="Times New Roman Star"ïèñàòü face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- (MK Oghuz.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- (Pav. C. , Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jo|z- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"s/yr- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|az- face="Times New Roman Star"z?az- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"jad|- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|az-, zaz- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"z?az- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 193, ÝÑÒß 4, 70-71, EDT 984. Turk. > Hung. i/r- (MNyTESz 2, 227-228).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:r/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 spring 2 summer face="Times New Roman Star"1 âåñíà 2 ëåòî face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz (AH 1, Ettuhf. 2) face="Times New Roman Star"jo|z 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ja:z 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?as 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jas, d/as 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ja:z 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s/or 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sa:s 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ha:s 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?as 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?as? 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|az 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?az 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jad| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"zaz 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ja:z 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?az 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 193, ÝÑÒß 4, 71, EDT 982, Ëåêñèêà 73, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 138-139, Stachowski 100.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.r/-, *ja.r/y face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 flat 2 steppe, flat ground 3 to spread, spread out, flatten folds face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïëîñêèé 2 ñòåïü, ïëîñêàÿ ïî÷âà 3 ðàññòèëàòü, ðàñïðàâëÿòü ñêëàäêè face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3 (OUygh.) jazy 1,2 (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3 (MK , KB ), jazy 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jazy 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3 (Pav. C. ), jazy 2 (Ettuhf. , AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"jo|z- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3, jazi, jezi 2 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"jazy 2 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3, jazy 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?azy 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jas-, d/as- 3, jazy, d/azy 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syhy: 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?as- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|az- 3, z?|azy 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?az- 3, z?azy 2 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3, jazy 2 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jad|- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"z?az- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 194, EDT 983, 984, ÝÑÒß 4, 69-70, 73, Ëåêñèêà 97.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:.r/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to miss, sin face="Times New Roman Star"ïðîìàõèâàòüñÿ, ãðåøèòü face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jazyk (n.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- face="Times New Roman Star"jaz- (Pav. C. , AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"jo|z- face="Times New Roman Star"jazyG (n.) face="Times New Roman Star"ja:z-, ja:zyq (n.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?as- face="Times New Roman Star"jas-, d/as- face="Times New Roman Star"sy:s- face="Times New Roman Star"hy:s- face="Times New Roman Star"c?as- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|az- face="Times New Roman Star"z?az- face="Times New Roman Star"jazyq (n.) face="Times New Roman Star"jad|- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|az- face="Times New Roman Star"jazyq (n.) face="Times New Roman Star"z?az- face="Times New Roman Star"jazyq (n.) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 193 (should be distinguished from *a:r/-), ÝÑÒß 4, 72-73, TMN 4, 162, EDT 983-984, Stachowski 121.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je:- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to eat face="Times New Roman Star"åñòü face="Times New Roman Star"je- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"je-, je.- (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"je- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|im 'food' face="Times New Roman Star"je- (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"je- face="Times New Roman Star"ja"- face="Times New Roman Star"ji- face="Times New Roman Star"je- face="Times New Roman Star"ij- face="Times New Roman Star"c?e- face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:- face="Times New Roman Star"d/e- face="Times New Roman Star"jie:- face="Times New Roman Star"s/i- face="Times New Roman Star"sie- face="Times New Roman Star"hie- face="Times New Roman Star"c?i- face="Times New Roman Star"c?i- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|e- face="Times New Roman Star"z?e- face="Times New Roman Star"je- face="Times New Roman Star"je- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|eje- (arch.) face="Times New Roman Star"i- face="Times New Roman Star"je- face="Times New Roman Star"z?e- face="Times New Roman Star"ji- face="Times New Roman Star"je- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 194, EDT 869-70, ÝÑÒß 1, 333-335, Stachowski 102.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jEk- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to harness face="Times New Roman Star"çàïðÿãàòü face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ik- face="Times New Roman Star"jek-, d/ek- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ek- face="Times New Roman Star"z?ek- face="Times New Roman Star"jek- face="Times New Roman Star"jek- face="Times New Roman Star"z?ek- face="Times New Roman Star"jek-, jik- face="Times New Roman Star"z?ek- face="Times New Roman Star"jek- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 195, ÝÑÒß 4, 172.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jEken face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of grass, reed face="Times New Roman Star"âèä òðàâû, òðîñòíèêà face="Times New Roman Star"jigen (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jigen (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jege|n (dial.), z?|ike|n face="Times New Roman Star"jeka"n (R.), jiga"n (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"ja"ka"n face="Times New Roman Star"jeka"n face="Times New Roman Star"jeken face="Times New Roman Star"jeken, jekken, d/e:ken face="Times New Roman Star"z?|eken face="Times New Roman Star"z?eken face="Times New Roman Star"jeken face="Times New Roman Star"jeka"n face="Times New Roman Star"zegen face="Times New Roman Star"z?iken face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 913, VEWT 195, ÝÑÒß 4, 172-173. Turk. > Mong. z?|eken, z?|ege-su"n (KW 472, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 123); Hung. gye/ke/ny (MNyTESz 1, 1125).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 demon, evil spirit 2 bad, evil 3 to hate, despise 4 to scold face="Times New Roman Star"1 äåìîí, çëîé äóõ 2 ïëîõîé, îòâðàòèòåëüíûé 3 íåíàâèäåòü, ïðåçèðàòü 4 áðàíèòü face="Times New Roman Star"jek 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jek 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ik 2, z?|iker- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"jek 1 (AH ), 2 (Pav. C. ), jigir- 3 (R.) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ekir- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"ja"kla"- 3, z?|ekir- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"jekir- 3, jek (dial.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jek, d/ek 1, 2, jikir- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ek 2, z?|ekte- 3, z?|ekir- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ek 2, z?ekir- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"jekir- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"jek 2, jeker- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"jek 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ek 2, z?ekir- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"jekir- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 910, VEWT 194, ÝÑÒß 4, 170-171, 173-174. Loan from Prakr. yakkha (through some unattested Sogdian intermediary) cannot be excluded, but also cannot be ascertained. Turk. > MMong. (MA ) z?|ikir- 'hate, abhor'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jidge, *jidge-lek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 jujube 2 strawberry, berry face="Times New Roman Star"1 þþáà, ëîõ 2 çåìëÿíèêà, ÿãîäà face="Times New Roman Star"jigde 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jigde 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ijde 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ila"k, jela"k (dial.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"igde (Pav. C. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ijda 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|igda" 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ijda" 1 face="Times New Roman Star"igde 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?istek, sestek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"d/ilek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s/yrla 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ijde 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ijde 1, z?idek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jelek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jela"k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ilek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ijde 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ijelek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 911, VEWT 202, ÝÑÒß 1, 325-326, Ëåêñèêà 122, 140. Turk. (Bulg.) > Hung. szo?lo? 'grape' (<*s/id|leg|), see Gombocz 1912 , MNyTESz 3, 794. Turk. *jigde > Mong. z?|igde, z?|egde (Ùåðáàê 1997 , 123); but the TM forms are not borrowed, despite Doerfer MT 73.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jEl(b)- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of short coat face="Times New Roman Star"âèä êîðîòêîé êóðòêè face="Times New Roman Star"jelek face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ile|n, z?|ilbe|ge|j face="Times New Roman Star"jela"k (Pav. C. , Áîð. Áàä. ) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ela"k face="Times New Roman Star"jela"k, jela"n (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jelek (dial.), jelbegej face="Times New Roman Star"z?|elek, z?|elbegej, dial. z?|elegej face="Times New Roman Star"z?elek, z?elen|, z?elbegej, z?elegej face="Times New Roman Star"jelen| face="Times New Roman Star"jela"n, jelba"ga"j face="Times New Roman Star"jelek face="Times New Roman Star"z?elek, z?elen|, z?elbegej face="Times New Roman Star"jelbegej face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 196, ÝÑÒß 4, 177, 178.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je:l- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to ride, trot face="Times New Roman Star"áåæàòü (ðûñüþ), íåñòèñü face="Times New Roman Star"jel- (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jel- (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"jel- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|il- face="Times New Roman Star"jel- (Pav. C. , MA , Ettuhf. ), jil- (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"jel- face="Times New Roman Star"jel-li `quickly' face="Times New Roman Star"jel-me `trot' face="Times New Roman Star"c?el- face="Times New Roman Star"ja"l-, d/el- face="Times New Roman Star"siel- face="Times New Roman Star"c?el- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|el- face="Times New Roman Star"z?el- face="Times New Roman Star"jeli- face="Times New Roman Star"jel- face="Times New Roman Star"z?el- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 918, VEWT 195, ÝÑÒß 4, 176-177.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je.li-m face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"glue face="Times New Roman Star"êëåé face="Times New Roman Star"jelim (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jelim (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jilim face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ilem face="Times New Roman Star"jelim (Ettuhf. ), jilim (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"jelim face="Times New Roman Star"jelim face="Times New Roman Star"jilym face="Times New Roman Star"jelim face="Times New Roman Star"c?elim face="Times New Roman Star"jelim, d/elim face="Times New Roman Star"s/il@m face="Times New Roman Star"silim face="Times New Roman Star"hilim face="Times New Roman Star"z?|elim face="Times New Roman Star"z?elim face="Times New Roman Star"jelim face="Times New Roman Star"jelem face="Times New Roman Star"jelim, z?|elim, z?elim face="Times New Roman Star"z?elim face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 928-929, VEWT 196, ÝÑÒß 4, 179-180, TMN 4, 189, Stachowski 103.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je.lin face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"udder face="Times New Roman Star"âûìÿ face="Times New Roman Star"jelin (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jelin face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ilen face="Times New Roman Star"jelin (R., Áóä. ), jilin (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"jelin, jilim, z?ilim face="Times New Roman Star"jelin face="Times New Roman Star"jelin face="Times New Roman Star"jelin, d/eli face="Times New Roman Star"s/il@ face="Times New Roman Star"silin face="Times New Roman Star"z?|elin face="Times New Roman Star"z?elin face="Times New Roman Star"jelin face="Times New Roman Star"jelen face="Times New Roman Star"jelin, z?|elin, z?elin face="Times New Roman Star"jelin face="Times New Roman Star"z?elin face="Times New Roman Star"jelin face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 930, ÝÑÒß 4, 180-181, Ëåêñèêà 148.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jelpi- / *jalpy- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to flap, winnow 2 to shake, sway 3 fan face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìàõàòü, âåÿòü 2 òðÿñòè, êà÷àòü 3 âååð, îïàõàëî face="Times New Roman Star"jelpit- 1 (caus.) (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jelpaze 3 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ilpe- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jelpi- (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jelpi- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ja"lpu"- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jelpik 3 face="Times New Roman Star"jelpe- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?elbe-, c?albra- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jelbi-, d/elbi- 1, jalbra- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"salbyra:- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?elbi-, c?elwi- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|elpi-, z?|elbire- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?elpi- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jelpi- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jelpe- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jelpi- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?elpi- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jelpi- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 920, VEWT 182, 196, ÝÑÒß 4, 182. Derivation from *jel 'wind' is highly improbable (at the most we can speak of a secondary contamination of roots).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jem-u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to crush, destroy 2 to curse, reproach face="Times New Roman Star"1 ëîìàòü, ðàçðóøàòü 2 ïîðèöàòü, óïðåêàòü face="Times New Roman Star"jemir- (OUygh.) 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jemu"r- (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|imer- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jimir-, ju"mu"r- (R., Áóä. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jimir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ju"mu"r- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jemir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"nebir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jemir-, d/emir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s/@w|m@w|r- 2, 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?emir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|emir- 2, 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jemir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jemer- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jemir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?emir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jemir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 937, VEWT 197, ÝÑÒß 4, 183-184, Åãîðîâ 210. The meaning 'crush, destroy, widespread in modern languages, must be a secondary development from the original more abstract 'harm' (whence also 'curse, reproach').
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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