face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|ir-qano|t 'a white-eyed dunbird, нырок белоглазый'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eqir (of eyes)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqyr 'dried in the sun, bleached'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqyr 'yellow'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekir 'grey (of eyes), wall-eye'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ag|yr 'grey (of eyes, horses)', s?egir 'grey (of eyes)'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ag|yr 'colourless (of eyes)'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ag|yr 'whitish'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|yr 'variegated'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqyr
face="Times New Roman Star"s?egir (of eyes)
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 96, TMN 2, 77, EDT 409, Федотов 2 387. Despite Fedotov c?okur 'variegated' is not related, it is < Mong. c?obkur (v. sub *s?op`e/). Despite Ra"sa"nen borrowed from Mong. can be only Yak. c?akyr 'white (of a horse)' (cf. also Dolg. c?akyr, see Stachowski 72), and perhaps the front-row forms (Kirgh. c?ekir, Kaz. s?egir, KKalp. s?egir - because of their restriction to the Kypch. area); but Mong.. c?akir / c?ekir 'whitish' is itself an obvious Turkism (see TMN ibid., Clark 1977, 134 with doubts). The root should be distinguished from nasalized forms: Oyr. c?an|qyr, Chuv. senker, Yak. c?en|gir, z?|en|gir, Kirgh. c?enkil, c?an|yl with the same set of meanings ('whitish, blue', often of eyes) = Mong. (Khalkha) cenxer id.; those should be compared with Tokh. A, B tsem. 'blue (of eyes)', Pers. zanga:r 'verdigris', whence Tat. za"n|ga"r (from Pers. zang 'rust', further derived with *za:'to leave, remain', Sak. ysa:ya" 'rust', Osset. zga", see Bailey 348-349). This is most probably an Iranian loanword in Turkic, Tokh. and Mong. (although a Chinese origin - cf. MC chien| 'blue' - is also possible). Cf. VEWT 104 (Turk. < Mong.), 531.
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 102, EDT 400-401, Лексика 120. Turk. > Mong. c?ec?eg, see TMN 3, 57, Щербак 1997, 112. Kypch. > Chuv. c?ec?c?e, c?ec?ek (see Егоров 322, Федотов 2, 408-409); some Turkic forms (Tuva c?ec?ek, perhaps also Oyr. c?ec?ek and some of the Kypchak forms) may be borrowed back < Mong.
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eku"k (MK: Oghuz), c?eku"c? (IM)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekic?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"kec?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eku"c?, c?o"ku"c? (Abush., Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?o.kic? 'hack'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"ku"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekic?
face="Times New Roman Star"s?o"kis?
face="Times New Roman Star"su"kes?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"gu"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekic?
face="Times New Roman Star"cokuc, cekic, c?o"ku"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"ku"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 103, EDT 415. (< Iran., see TMN 3, 85-86?). Despite EDT, hardly derived from c?ek- 'to pull'. The controversy concerning the Iranian origin of the Turkic word vs. the Turkic origin of the Modern Persian one (see Doerfer, Clauson), should be probably resolved as follows: Old Persian ( = Av. cakus?- 'axe / hammer for throwing') > Pers. c?akus? 'hammer'; but Pers. c?ekoc?, c?ekoz?| are phonetically aberrant (see Horn 99) and should be regarded as Turkisms; Pers. c?ekus? is a mixed form. The source of Pers. c?ekoc? is Turk. c?eku"c? - a diminutive in -c? for the form c?eku"k. Turkic forms in -s? (Khal. c?a"kkus?, Kirgh. c?o"ku"s?, KKalp. s?o"kkis?, possibly also Nogh. s?o"kis?, Bashk. su"kes?) may be iranisms. Turk. > Mong. c?eku"c? (see Щербак 1997, 112).
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eku"rge (MK Oghuz; Tefs.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekirge
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ikertke|
face="Times New Roman Star"c?egu"rtke, c?ewu"rtke (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?igirtka
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eka"tka"
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekirtge
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekirtge
face="Times New Roman Star"sag|yrtxy
face="Times New Roman Star"saxsyrg|a 'fly'
face="Times New Roman Star"haksyrga 'fly'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ergi
face="Times New Roman Star"c?egirtke
face="Times New Roman Star"s?egirtke
face="Times New Roman Star"s?egertki
face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ertka"
face="Times New Roman Star"c?egirtke
face="Times New Roman Star"s?egirtke
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 103, EDT 416-417, Лексика 187, Stachowski 94. Forms like Tat. dial. sikertke are a result of contamination with *se:k- 'jump' (v. sub *sa:/ki).
face="Times New Roman Star"s?el 2, 'fat under skin', s?elpek 5
face="Times New Roman Star"s?el-te- 'to husk grain'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?elpek 5
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 103, EDT 418-419, Лексика 392. Ogh. c?el-tik > Pers. c?altuk, s?altu:k (despite VEWT 104). Turk. c?elpek > Pers. c?alpak (TMN 3, 1111). The meaning 'eye pus, mucus' in *c?el-pek developed under the influence of the similar *c?apak (see under *c?ap- 'plaster'), but the two roots should be clearly distinguished (despite EDT 418).
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 105, EDT 399, Щербак 1961, 120. Cf. also Chag. c?iber 'mountain goat' (R). The reflex -b- in Turkm. and Uygh. may be an indication of original vowel length (?) Shcherbak's hypothesis of the word being borrowed < Iranian is dubious; Pers. c?apis?, c?apus? itself may well be borrowed < Turkic. In any case, the Persian form cannot be a regular IE match for Lat. caper. Cf. WH 1, 157, sub caper: "Np. c?apis?...lautlich unmo"glich"; indeed, Common Iranian -p- (< IE -p-) > Mod. Pers. and NW-Iran. -b-, in exceptional cases -v- (Расторгуева ЗИФ 114-115); a parallel for caper may perhaps be found in Sak. cau_, Osset. ca"v 'goat' (see Аб. 1, 307, Bailey 105). One should mention the problematic "Wanderformen" Rum. cap, Alb. tsap, Ital. dial. cappo, Crim.-Goth. stap, Slav. *ca//pъ 'he-goat'; cf. also Oyr. c?a:p 'one year-old roebuck' ( < Mong.?). See Трубачев 1960, 89-90, Orel 47 with literature; note especially Hubschmid's (1954, 49) hypothesis of the Turkic origin of this Wanderwort.
face="Times New Roman Star"c?er 1 (MK), c?er-le-n- 'to be constipated; to suppurate (of eyes)' (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?er 4, c?irk 5, c?iris? 'flour paste'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ir 4, c?irla"- 4, c?ere- 3, c?erek 7
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ir 'tumeur, clou', c?ire- 'se de/gou/\ter'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?iri- 3, c?irik 2, c?irk 'snuff; hardened wheel ointment'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?iri- 3, c?irik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"r 'horse's heart attack', c?a"rla"- 6, c?irk 5
face="Times New Roman Star"c?irk '(dirty) spot; insult', c?errik 'illness (of cattle)'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?iri- 3, c?irik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ir, dial. c?e.r 4, s/@r- 3, 6, s/@r@k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?er 9, 'hard tumour', c?erle- 'to be anguished', c?iri- 3, c?irik 2, c?irenc? 8
face="Times New Roman Star"s?er 4, 9, s?iri- 3, s?irik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s?er 4, s?iri- 3, s?irik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sir 4, sere- 3, serek 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?iri- 3, c?irik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?iris? 8
face="Times New Roman Star"ciri-, c?iri- 3, cirik, c?irik 2, c?yrys? 8
face="Times New Roman Star"s?er 9, s?ir- 3, s?irik 2, s?iris? 'slime'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?er 4, 9, c?iri- 3, c?irik 2, c?irkew 'maggots in rotten food'
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 105, EDT 427, 430, TMN 1077, Егоров 211-212, 326, Федотов 2,111-112, 420. As Doerfer notes, Turkic forms of the type c?irkin 'dirty, nasty, ugly' (Chag., Tur., Gag., Tat., Uzb.) are rather borrowed from Persian c?irkin (which itself is derived from c?irk, borrowed < Turkic).
face="Times New Roman Star"c?irt- 2, 3, c?a"rda"k-la"- 'to hew'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"rt- 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?irt- 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"sirte- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s?irte- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?irt- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s/art 'a dent for inserting bottom into banded vessels'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ert- 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ert- 2, 3, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"sirt- 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 'to mark'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ert- 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 1, 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 105, EDT 428, Федотов 2, 87-88. The semantic development here is 'to make notches, indents' > 'break the edge', 'pinch' (whence 'to click with fingers') - not onomatopoetic, as suggested by Clauson.
face="Times New Roman Star"s/avar-/s/ar- 1, s/avra 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sebirij- 'to uncoil (of a twisted rope)'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"jir- 'to twiddle a whirligig'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to tuck', c?u"jre 'contrariwise'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1, c?evra" 2
face="Times New Roman Star"сivir-, c?evir- 1, civre 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to wrap'
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 102, EDT 398, Егоров 201-201, Федотов 2, 80. Despite VEWT, there are no reasons to regard the Chuv. word as a borrowing.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?igit / *c?ygyt ( ? -k-)
face="Times New Roman Star"различные виды сорных трав
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ikin / c?ekin 'a plant growing among the vines and eaten by cattle' (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?e|ke|n 'corn cob' (< Chuv.?)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekin 'greens, grass; a weed on rice fields, with black seeds and sharp awns' (Pav. C., Sangl.), c?ekil-dam 'tulip bulb; a root similar to wild garlic' (Pav. C., for dam cf. Uzb. dam 'pungency, bitterness' < Pers.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?akalak 'bush thicket' (or perhaps to PT *c?eke-t?)
face="Times New Roman Star"s@gen 'dry grass'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?akan 'reedmace'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eken 'рогоз широколистый'
face="Times New Roman Star"se|ke|n 'corn cob' ( < Chuv.?)
face="Times New Roman Star"s?igin 'weed growing on rice fields, куриное просо', s?igildik 'reed'
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 111, EDT 415, Рас. ФиЛ 277, Егоров 316. Chuv. c?akan, despite Дмитриева 1997, 52-53 and Ro/na-Tas, is not connected with *jeken 'reed' (v. sub *de/k`a\). Cf. other grass names: Chuv. c?iken kurъk@ 'geranium' (according to Ашм., grass helping from colics - Дмитриева 1997, 56); s/ikka kurъk@ 'camomile' (according to Ашм. it hosts a plantlouse, to summon which the children say "s/ikka!" - Дмитриева 1988, 51); Uygh. c?iga" 'plant fibre, wild hemp (VEWT), Yak. sige 'тальниковые стружки, лыко'. Tuva sigen 'hay' (Tuva), (Tof. 'grass') has an irregular s-, so perhaps should be regarded as borrowed from Khak.
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 393, 406,408, 413, 418, VEWT 107, Лексика 39, Stachowski 106. The actual reflexes are best explained if we postulate an opposition *c?yj 'wet, raw' - *c?yj-yk 'dew, moisture' (with further contractions). Some forms, however, could be secondarily borrowed from Mong. (see Kal/. MEJ 34).
face="Times New Roman Star"1 nail, peg 2 corner 3 penis 4 fir
face="Times New Roman Star"1 гвоздь, колышек, чека 2 угол 3 penis 4 хвойное дерево
face="Times New Roman Star"c?y/iv 2 (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"(c?iz?| 1 MK - a miswriting instead *c?iv?)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ivi 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"j 'wedge, cotter'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?uv 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"a" 3 (R, by animals), c?iva" 'space between legs above the knees', c?ivila"n 'back saddlegirth' (fixed with a wooden peg)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?iv 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?iis? 'wedge'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"j 1
face="Times New Roman Star"so"j 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ivi 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j, c?u"w, (K) c?ivij 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"j 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j 1
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 110, 121, EDT 393-394, 396, Лексика 125, 398. Because of well known semantic correlations of the type 'penis': 'thorn': 'fir (needle)' it is tempting to compare also the name of the fir-tree: Tat. dial. (КСТТ) c?ivi, cyvy, Khak. syby, Shor s?u"be, Oyr. c?ibi (Tuba c?yby), Tuva s?ivi, Tof. s?ibi. However, the intermediate form meaning 'thorn' is not attested, and the medial consonant here is rather *-p- (unless we suppose interdialectal loans), so it may be unrelated.