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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*du"l/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"noon face="Times New Roman Star"ïîëäåíü face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"du"s? (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tus? face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"s? face="Times New Roman Star"du"s? (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"du"'s? face="Times New Roman Star"du"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 507, EDT 559, Ëåêñèêà 78-79. Turk. > Hung. de/l 'South, noon', see MNyTESz 1, 606-607.
face="Times New Roman Star"*de:- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to say face="Times New Roman Star"ñêàçàòü, ãîâîðèòü face="Times New Roman Star"te- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"te- (MK , KB ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"di- face="Times New Roman Star"di- (Abush. ), te- (MA ) face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"da"- face="Times New Roman Star"di- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"di:- face="Times New Roman Star"t@- face="Times New Roman Star"te- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"te- face="Times New Roman Star"die- face="Times New Roman Star"die- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"te- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"ti- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"dij- face="Times New Roman Star"de- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 467-8, EDT 433-4, ÝÑÒß 3, 221-224, Stachowski 79. Kypchak and some other languages preserve voiced d- due to the word's grammaticalized usage.
face="Times New Roman Star"*de.rek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 poplar 2 tree face="Times New Roman Star"1 òîïîëü 2 äåðåâî face="Times New Roman Star"terek 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"tirek (dial.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tire|k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 1 (Abush. , Sangl. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"terak 1 face="Times New Roman Star"dera"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"derek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tirek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tirek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tirex 1 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tira"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"terak 2 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"terek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 475, EDT 543, ÝÑÒß 3, 205-206, Ëåêñèêà 105, 134-135. Iranian origin is quite improbable.
face="Times New Roman Star"*asyg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"profit face="Times New Roman Star"ïðèáûëü, âûãîäà face="Times New Roman Star"asyg| (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"asyg| (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"asy face="Times New Roman Star"asy (IM ), assyg| (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"dial. as go"r- 'to help' face="Times New Roman Star"dial. assy face="Times New Roman Star"ozú face="Times New Roman Star"as face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 29, ÝÑÒß 1, 196-197, Åãîðîâ 277, Ëåêñèêà 344, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 290-291. Turk. > Mong. asig| > Man. ajsi (TMN 2, 58-59, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 102).
face="Times New Roman Star"*emge- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to suffer, be tortured 2 bother, worry, pains face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòðàäàòü, ïîäâåðãàòüñÿ ïûòêàì 2 õëîïîòû, ìó÷åíèå, òðóä face="Times New Roman Star"emge- (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"emge- 1, emgek 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"emen- 1, emek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"imge|n- 1, imge|k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"emgen- (AH , Pav. C. ) 1, emgek (AH , Abush. ), emek (Pav. C. ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. emge|k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. e|mge|n- 1, e|mge|k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"a"ma"k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"emgen- 1, emgek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"aman- 1, amak 'illness' face="Times New Roman Star"emek 'decrepit' face="Times New Roman Star"en|bek 'chronic illness' face="Times New Roman Star"emgek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"en|bek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"embek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"imge|n- 1, imge|k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"emgen- 1, emgek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 159, VEWT 42, ÝÑÒß 1, 272-275, 25-26. Turk. > Mong. emge- (Ùåðáàê 1997 , 114).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAn/ka- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to shake, bring into motion face="Times New Roman Star"êà÷àòü(ñÿ), ïðèâîäèòü â äâèæåíèå face="Times New Roman Star"jajqa-n- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jajqa-l- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jajka- face="Times New Roman Star"jajqa-l- (Sangl. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) jajqa- face="Times New Roman Star"jajqa- face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajxa-, dial. najxal- face="Times New Roman Star"d/ajqa-, dial. d/ajg|a- face="Times New Roman Star"c?a'jg|a- face="Times New Roman Star"c?a'jha- (Ðàñ. ÔèË 77) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ajqa- face="Times New Roman Star"z?ajqal- face="Times New Roman Star"jajqa-l- face="Times New Roman Star"jajqa- face="Times New Roman Star"ÎÑÍß 3, 58-59, ÝÑÒß 4, 77-78, EDT 981. PT *jan/ka- is usually treated as derived from *ja:j- 'to shake, rinse' (see e.g. ÝÑÒß 4, 75-76, EDT ibid.), but the latter does not seem to show any traces of nasal and may be separately compared with Mong. z?|aji-lu- 'to rinse', z?|aji-mu- 'to shake, stir', see KW 471.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Aty face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"(junior) nephew, grandson face="Times New Roman Star"(ìëàäøèé) ïëåìÿííèê, âíóê face="Times New Roman Star"aty (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"dial. Lobn. ataj-ym 'oh, my child!' face="Times New Roman Star"aty face="Times New Roman Star"adaj 'dog' ( < *'cub') face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 31, EDT 40, ÝÑÒß 1, 79.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"l/u"n face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 shoulder joint 2 shoulder bone 3 chest 4 collar bone 5 shoulder face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïëå÷åâîé ñãèá 2 ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü 3 ãðóäü 4 êëþ÷èöà 5 ïëå÷î face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?u"n (OUygh.) 'some body part (shoulder joint?)' face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?u"n (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) u"z?u"n 2 face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) o"s?ni, o"s?ne 5 face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?tu" 5 face="Times New Roman Star"o"z?u"n 4 face="Times New Roman Star"o"z?u"n 'upper arm' face="Times New Roman Star"o"'x/u"n 5 face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?u"n 3 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 263, Äûáî 160, Ëåêñèêà 241-242. Stachowski 201 compares also Yak., Dolg. o"ttu"k 'hip' ( < *o"l/u"n-ik).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kab- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to unite, bring together 2 be brought together face="Times New Roman Star"1 îáúåäèíÿòü, ñîáèðàòü 2 ñîáèðàòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"qavyr- 1 (OUygh.), qavys?- 2 (Yen., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qavur- 1 (MK , KB ), qavys?- 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kavus?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qawys?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qavus?- 2 (Qutb , Áîð. Áàä. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo|wus?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qavus?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qawys- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"Govus?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"Govur- 1, Govus?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyr- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"> Danube Bulg. koubraton 'collector, unifier (of lands)' face="Times New Roman Star"xavyr- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xabyr- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qo:s?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qawys- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qawys?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qawys?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qaus?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qavus?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qawys- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 216, EDT 585, 588, ÝÑÒß 6, 14-16. OT also has quvra- 'come together, assemble', with a rather strange vocalism (see EDT 586 - but modern forms like qura- are not related, being borrowed from Mong. qura-, qurija-).
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)amak / *K(i)apak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 forehead 2 front part 3 eyelid 4 eyebrow face="Times New Roman Star"1 ëîá 2 ïåðåäíÿÿ ÷àñòü 3 âåêî 4 áðîâü face="Times New Roman Star"qapaq 3 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kabak 'bald', dial. kabag 1, 2, 'face', 'skull' face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z qabag|y 3, dial. taw qabag|y 'mountain slope' face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 1, 2 (Sangl. , Áîð. Áàä. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo|vo|q 3 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qawaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qavaq 'nose bridge' (ßÆÓ ) face="Times New Roman Star"GabaG 2, (poet.) 'face' face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:baG 3 face="Times New Roman Star"xamax 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qamaq, qabaq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qamaq, qabaq 4, dial. 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xavaq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 4 face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'pitfall' face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'place under the forehead; edge of shore' face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'precipice' face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'cleft' face="Times New Roman Star"go"z qabag|y 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 228, ÝÑÒß 5, 161, Ëåêñèêà 199-200. An extremely complicated case: forms meaning 'eyelid' are traditionally analysed as derived from *Kap- 'to cover' - but the Turkm., Uzb. and Uygh. forms clearly contradict such a derivation by displaying unmistakable vowel length. A trace of the original meaning 'forehead, eyebrow' (later shifted to 'eyelid') in the Kypchak languages (not distinguishing vowel length) may be found in expressions meaning 'to frown (one's forehead, eyebrows)': Kirgh. qabaq tu"j-, bu"rko"-, Kaz., KKalp. qabaq tu"j-. The form *Ka:pak may have been additionally influenced by PT *Ka:p 'sack; to surround' (v. sub *k[a:]p`a/), *Ka:p(ak) 'caul, hymen' (v. sub *k`a:p`a/ ). The variation of *-m- and -p- (cf. the archaic Siberian reflexes with -m-) is parallelled by a similar variation in TM and Japanese and may reflect an original cluster, but may have been an innovation due to the contaminations with *Kap- and *Ka:p.
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)aja face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 rock 2 mountain 3 slope face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñêàëà 2 ãîðà 3 ñêëîí face="Times New Roman Star"qaja (Orkh., OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qaja (MK , KB ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qyja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qaja (Houts. , AH , Ettuhf. , Pav. C. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qo|je| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qija 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Gaja 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. Ga:ja, Gaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kaja 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1, qyja 3 ('oblique slope' - through contamination with *kyj- 'oblique') face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qyja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 221, TMN 3, 565, EDT 674-5, ÝÑÒß 5, 198-199, Ëåêñèêà 96, Stachowski 133.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tal/ak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"scrotum face="Times New Roman Star"ìîøîíêà face="Times New Roman Star"tas?aq MK, IM face="Times New Roman Star"tas?ak face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) tas?aq (CCum ., Ettuhf. , Tel. , Houts. , AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) tas?aq (Óß) face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) taz?ax (Kach.), tazax (Sag.) (Joki 1952, 318) face="Times New Roman Star"taz?aq face="Times New Roman Star"tas?s?aq face="Times New Roman Star"tasax| face="Times New Roman Star"tas?aq face="Times New Roman Star"tas?aq face="Times New Roman Star"tas?aq face="Times New Roman Star"tas?aq face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 466 (should be distinguished from *dia:l/ 'stone'), EDT 562. (D-T 199 think that the Khal. geminate is compensating for vowel length in *dia:l/, which would be rather unprecedented in Turkic).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tol- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to push, collide face="Times New Roman Star"ñòàëêèâàòüñÿ, ïèõàòü face="Times New Roman Star"tul- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tul- 1, (caus.) tuldur- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) tola- 'to wave, shake' (Óß) face="Times New Roman Star"tolug|ura:- 'to dangle freely inside an empty space' face="Times New Roman Star"tula- 'to kick' face="Times New Roman Star"tolarsaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"to:la- 'ðàçãðåáàòü íîãàìè' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 491, 495, 501. Derived is probably *Tolarsuk 'knee or heel joint, sinew' (VEWT 480, 486, ÝÑÒß 8: OT (MK ) tolarsuq, Yak. tolunn/an| (< *tolu-n-c?an|-), Kirgh. tolorsuk, Bashk. tularhyq, KKalp. tolarsaq; Kaz. tilersek, influenced by tirsek 'knee').
face="Times New Roman Star"*deg- / *do"g- / *dog- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"round face="Times New Roman Star"êðóãëûé face="Times New Roman Star"tegirmi (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tegirme (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"degirmi 'circle' face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ge|re|k face="Times New Roman Star"tekirme, tekirmi (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tu.garak face="Times New Roman Star"du"gla"k face="Times New Roman Star"doGyr face="Times New Roman Star"da"jirmi face="Times New Roman Star"tegelek, toGalaq face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ylax face="Times New Roman Star"tog|alaq face="Times New Roman Star"tog|oloq face="Times New Roman Star"t@w|g@w|r 'mirror' face="Times New Roman Star"tu"o"rem (poet.) 'round', tier- 'to turn round' face="Times New Roman Star"tier- 'to turn round' face="Times New Roman Star"to"gerik face="Times New Roman Star"to":rej face="Times New Roman Star"tegerek face="Times New Roman Star"to"gerek face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n|a"ra"k face="Times New Roman Star"to"gerek face="Times New Roman Star"togerek face="Times New Roman Star"do"n|gelek face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 3, 176-179, 281-282, Stachowski 222, 227. One of several expressive common Turkic roots meaning 'round' and displaying phonetic irregularities. Some modern Turkic forms (not listed above) are probably borrowed from Mongolian: cf., in particular, Yak. to"gu":r, to"gu"ru"k, Dolg. to"gu"ru"k ( > Evk. tug|uruk). Cf. also Ëåêñèêà 400 (with forms reflecting PT *teker). Bulg. > Hung. tu"ko"r 'mirror', see MNyTESz 3, 1010.
face="Times New Roman Star"*er- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to be (aux.) face="Times New Roman Star"áûòü (âñïîì.) face="Times New Roman Star"er- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"er- (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"i- face="Times New Roman Star"i- (i-ken (perf.) 'it appears', i-mes? (evident.) '...says that it is') face="Times New Roman Star"er- (Abush. ) face="Times New Roman Star"e-, er-u"r (fut.) face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"er- face="Times New Roman Star"i- face="Times New Roman Star"er- face="Times New Roman Star"i- face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"a"r- (D. GCh 182) face="Times New Roman Star"e-/er- face="Times New Roman Star"e-/er- face="Times New Roman Star"e-/ir- face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"i- face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"i-/ir- face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"ir- (Kakuk 182) face="Times New Roman Star"e- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 193-194, VEWT 46, ÝÑÒß 1, 218-220, Stachowski 42, 46. The verb frequently occurs as e-, without the final -r- (see ibid.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*(j)e:p- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 be on one's way 2 send face="Times New Roman Star"1 áûòü â ïóòè 2 ïîñûëàòü face="Times New Roman Star"z?ibe|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ibe|r-, jubo|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ebe|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"i:ber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jabal- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"i:p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|iber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?iber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jiber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jebe|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jeber- face="Times New Roman Star"z?iber- face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 322-324, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 198. The explanation < *y:d-bar- 'lead and take' is clearly unsatisfactory.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:c?- (?i:-) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to submit face="Times New Roman Star"ïîä÷èíÿòü face="Times New Roman Star"ic?ik- (Orkh., OUygh.), ec?ik- (Yen.) face="Times New Roman Star"ec?ik- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ec?in- 'to repent, regret' face="Times New Roman Star"ez?|i:z 'weak, fenceless' face="Times New Roman Star"is- 'to obey' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 25.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e>.dn|e-r face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"saddle face="Times New Roman Star"ñåäëî face="Times New Roman Star"ed|er (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"eyer face="Times New Roman Star"ije|r face="Times New Roman Star"e.ger face="Times New Roman Star"egar face="Times New Roman Star"eg@(r) face="Times New Roman Star"ezer face="Times New Roman Star"ja"ha"r face="Times New Roman Star"ejer face="Times New Roman Star"izer face="Times New Roman Star"ezer face="Times New Roman Star"e:r face="Times New Roman Star"j@ner face="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:r face="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:r face="Times New Roman Star"ezer face="Times New Roman Star"e'zer (Ðàñ. ÔèË 183) face="Times New Roman Star"e:r face="Times New Roman Star"er face="Times New Roman Star"ijer face="Times New Roman Star"eja"r face="Times New Roman Star"ijer face="Times New Roman Star"je:r face="Times New Roman Star"jer face="Times New Roman Star"jer face="Times New Roman Star"en|er (Kakuk ) face="Times New Roman Star"er face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 63, VEWT 36, ÝÑÒß 1, 241-242, 658-659, Ëåêñèêà 539, Stachowski 261. Reflexes of the cluster are complicated by borrowings: e.g. Tuva, Tof. is < Khak. Turk. *edn|er-c?ak 'pack saddle' > MMong. in|g|irc?aq, WMong. jan|g|irc?aq id. (TMN 2, 128-129, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 164, Àíèêèí 88).
face="Times New Roman Star"*iagyr face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"heavy face="Times New Roman Star"òÿæåëûé face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr face="Times New Roman Star"awyr face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"o|g|ir face="Times New Roman Star"eg|ir face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr face="Times New Roman Star"aGyr face="Times New Roman Star"a:r face="Times New Roman Star"ag|i:.r face="Times New Roman Star"jyvúr face="Times New Roman Star"yar face="Times New Roman Star"yara-kan face="Times New Roman Star"a:r face="Times New Roman Star"a: r face="Times New Roman Star"o:r face="Times New Roman Star"awyr face="Times New Roman Star"awyr face="Times New Roman Star"awur face="Times New Roman Star"awyr face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 8, EDT 88-9, ÝÑÒß 1, 85-87, Åãîðîâ 82-83, Ëåêñèêà 338-339, Stachowski 258.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Agyr/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 mouth 2 lip, lips 3 mouth of a river, of a cleft face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðîò 2 ãóáà, ãóáû 3 óñòüå ðåêè, óùåëüÿ face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yz (Orkh.) 3, ag|yz, ag|az (OUygh.) 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"awyz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"o|g|iz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"eg|iz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ag|ys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"a:s, axsy (3 P.) 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"aqsy 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"o:s 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|rúw|, urú-lú 3 face="Times New Roman Star"uos 2 face="Times New Roman Star"uos 2 face="Times New Roman Star"a:s, aqsy (3 P.) 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"a: s, aqsy (3 P.) 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ooz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"awyz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"awyz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"awyd| 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"awud| 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"a:s 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"awyz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"awuz 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 8, EDT 98, ÝÑÒß 1, 81-83, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 115, Ëåêñèêà 224-225, Stachowski 245.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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