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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*bu:c?-gak, -mak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"(outer) corner, angle face="Times New Roman Star"внешний угол face="Times New Roman Star"buc?g|aq (MK ) 'region of the world, corner' face="Times New Roman Star"buz?|ak face="Times New Roman Star"poc?maq face="Times New Roman Star"buz?|aq (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"buz?|ag| face="Times New Roman Star"bu:z?|aq 'lower ends of a winebag' face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|s/mex face="Times New Roman Star"buz?|aq face="Times New Roman Star"buc?aq, buc?qaq face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 85, ЭСТЯ 2, 282-283. Despite EDT 294 and Clark 1980 , 38, not derived < *byc?- 'cut' (because of semantic and phonetic - vowel length and vowel quality - differences).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"gu" face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wizard face="Times New Roman Star"мудрец, колдун face="Times New Roman Star"bo"gu" (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"bo"gu" (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"bo"ju" face="Times New Roman Star"bu"gu" (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"bu": face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 324, VEWT 83, ЭСТЯ 2, 293-294. Turk. > Mong. bo"g|e id., see TMN 1, 234. Turk. > Hung. bu? 'witchcraft' (< *bu"g|u"), see Gombocz 1912 .
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"k- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to bow, bend 2 to curve, bend, wrap smth. face="Times New Roman Star"1 сгибаться, кланяться 2 сгибать, складывать, свертывать face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bo"g- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- 1 (Sangl. Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"buk- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"pu"k- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"pu"k- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"pu"k- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- (-gV) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|k- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k 'a bend, flexion'; bu"gu"le:- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- 'to wrap' face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- (-gV-) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k/g- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- (-gV-) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bo"go"- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- (-gV-) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"g-u"l- 1 (K) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- (-gV-) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"po"x- 2 (ССЯ 454) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- (-gV-) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 324, VEWT 91-92, ЭСТЯ 2, 290-293.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 wood, forest 2 hill 3 meadow 4 valley between mountains face="Times New Roman Star"1 лес 2 холм 3 луг 4 долина между гор face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k 'bushes, underwood', bu"ktir 'rocky mountain top' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k 'thicket at the waterside' face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k (dial.) 3, pu"kte|r 'snow-drift' (КСТТ ) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k 1 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k 'thick (wood, garden)' face="Times New Roman Star"pu"k 3 face="Times New Roman Star"pu"k 3 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k 4 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'k 4 face="Times New Roman Star"bo"k 2, bo"kto"r 'foot-hills' face="Times New Roman Star"bo"kter 'steep hill' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 91, EDT 324, 325, ЭСТЯ 2, 291, Лексика 94.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"r/- / *bu"r- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to wrinkle face="Times New Roman Star"морщиться face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r- (MK , KB ), bu"z- (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r- (dial.), bu"z- face="Times New Roman Star"bo"r- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r- (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"buris?- face="Times New Roman Star"pu"(r)- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"z-, bu"ru"s?- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r-, bu"z- face="Times New Roman Star"pu"r- face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|r- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r- face="Times New Roman Star"bo"r- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ru"s?- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ru"s?- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 92, EDT 355, ЭСТЯ 2, 294-296 (contaminates with *bu"r- 'to cover'). Егоров 157, Федотов 1, 421.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"rc?e / *bu"rge face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"flea face="Times New Roman Star"блоха face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rge (MK , IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"pire face="Times New Roman Star"bo"rc?e| face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rge (MA , Pav. C. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"burga face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rga" face="Times New Roman Star"pira" face="Times New Roman Star"bu"re face="Times New Roman Star"pъw|rz/a face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rgo" face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rge, bu"rs?e (dial.), burs?a (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rs?e face="Times New Roman Star"bo"rsa" face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rc?e face="Times New Roman Star"pire face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rc?e face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rge face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rc?e face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 362, VEWT 92, ЭСТЯ 2, 298-299, Лексика 182-183. The Kypch. form *bu"rc?e is a diminutive.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"ru"-, *bu"r-ke- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to cover up face="Times New Roman Star"покрывать, закрывать face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ru"n- 'to be covered' (MK , KB ), bu"rkek 'cloudy', bu"rku"r- 'to become cloudy' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ru"- (also of clouds), bu"rge, bu"rgu" 'kerchief, thin curtain' face="Times New Roman Star"bo"rke|- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rke- (MA , Abush. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"burka- face="Times New Roman Star"pu"(r)ka"- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ru"- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"re- face="Times New Roman Star"pu"rge- face="Times New Roman Star"pu"rge- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rke- face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|rke- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ru"j-; bu"rku"j- 'to become cloudy' face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ru"j-; bu"rku"k 'cloudy' face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rge- (also of clouds) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rhu"- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rko"- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rke- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rke- face="Times New Roman Star"bo"rka"-n- 'to be covered', bo"rko"u" 'stifling' face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ru"- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rke- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rke- (also of clouds) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 363, 367, ДТС 133, VEWT 92, ЭСТЯ 2, 296-298, Stachowski 68. The form in -ke- is an intensive and can hardly be regarded as a mongolism.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"rku"t face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 aquila fulva 2 eagle face="Times New Roman Star"1 беркут 2 орел face="Times New Roman Star"bu">rki>t 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rku"t (Бор. Бад. , Abush. , Pav. C. ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"burgut 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rku"t 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rgu"t 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rku"t, mu"rku"t 1 face="Times New Roman Star"p@rg@t 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rgu"t 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rku"t 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rki>t 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bu">rku">t 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rkit 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 2, 300, Лексика 169, TMN 2, 331-333. Turk. > Mong. bu"rgu"d 'eagle', Russ. беркут. As suggested in ЭСТЯ the original stem may have been *bu"r- (preserved in Kaz., KKalp. bu"r- 'to grasp prey (of an eagle)').
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"t- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to believe 2 sign, token face="Times New Roman Star"1 верить 2 знак face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1 (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"pu"t- 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"pu"t- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bit 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 93, EDT 298-299 (together with bu"t- 'finish'), ЭСТЯ 2, 279-280.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"t- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to end, accomplish 2 to be ended 3 to create, build 4 to heal 5 to grow, ripen face="Times New Roman Star"1 кончать, завершать 2 кончаться 3 создавать, строить 4 заживать 5 вырастать, вызревать face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"bet- 2, bet-e|s?- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"pyt-, put- 1,2 face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"pu"t- 3, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"pu"d-u"r- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1, 4, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|t- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1,2, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'t- 2, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'t- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1,2, 4, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"bo"t- 2, bo"t-o"s?- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5; 'to close' face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"pit- 2, 4, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 93, TMN 2, 267, EDT 298-9, 306, ЭСТЯ 2, 152-154, 302-303, Stachowski 68. Cf. also PT *bu"tu"n 'all, whole' - a derivative from *bu"t-. Turk. > Mong. *bu"te-, *bu"tu"- (KW 69-70, TMN 2, 268-269, Щербак 1997 , 111).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"t- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to heal (of a wound) face="Times New Roman Star"заживать (о ране) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"bet-a"s?- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"bit- face="Times New Roman Star"bit-; bitik 'scar, cicatrice' face="Times New Roman Star"pu"t- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'t- face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- face="Times New Roman Star"bit- face="Times New Roman Star"bit- face="Times New Roman Star"bo"t-o"s?- face="Times New Roman Star"pit- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 299 (sub *bu"t- 'finish'), ЭСТЯ 2, 154-155. Cf. also Chuv. pytc?a 'гнойный лишай'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ak- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to bind, fetters, harness face="Times New Roman Star"связывать, оковы, упряжь face="Times New Roman Star"c?akyl- 'to be bound, fastened' (of yoke animals), c?ag|an 'camel fetters' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|an 'camel fetters' face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqy 'stick for binding horses' face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqyldaq 'rope harness' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 94, 96 (but Oyr. c?aky is regarded as borrowed < Mong. c?aqu, on which see *c?`ak`V ).
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ykan(ak) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"elbow, forearm face="Times New Roman Star"локоть, предплечье face="Times New Roman Star"cyg|anaq (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|anaq (Sangl. , CCum ., AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?eka"na"k (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|a"jna"k face="Times New Roman Star"c?ikenek face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|anax face="Times New Roman Star"s?yg|anaq face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|anaq face="Times New Roman Star"c?ike 'cubit' face="Times New Roman Star"s?enek face="Times New Roman Star"c?e'hene|k face="Times New Roman Star"c?yqanaq face="Times New Roman Star"s?yg|anaq 'bay' face="Times New Roman Star"s?yg|anaq face="Times New Roman Star"syg|anaq (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?yna face="Times New Roman Star"cyg|anaq face="Times New Roman Star"s?yg|anaq face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 96, EDT 404, Егоров 325, Лексика 249.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?a:j face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 small river 2 sand, pebbles 3 flood, freshet 4 shallow face="Times New Roman Star"1 речка 2 песок, галька 3 половодье, наводнение 4 мелководный face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 1, c?eke 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?a:j 1, c?a":ge 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajyq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj-r-am 4 face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 2 (?) face="Times New Roman Star"saj 'a river weed' (?) face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj (in the hydronym qarac?aj) face="Times New Roman Star"The word is poorly attested (almost only in some modern Oghuz languages and Chag., see VEWT 95, Лексика 94; the Yakut parallel is phonetically unclear - borrowed from Tuva or Altai?). Turk. *c?a:j-ka (Turkm. c?a":ge, Chag. c?eke) > Kalm. ceke|: (KW 426). The forms (despite semantic difference) may have an Iranian origin: Pers. (Pekhl.) c?a:h 'well, spring' < *c?a:t|a > Av. c?a:ta, Kurd. c?a:l, Bel. c?a:t, Osset. c?ad 'lake', Wakhi c?ot 'pond' (Horn 97, Аб. 1, 285, 329, Расторгуева 1990 , 191, ЭСВЯ 130); a certain Persian loan is Khal. c?a: 'Brunnen, Grube'. Osset. c?'aj 'well' is regarded by Abaev as a borrowing from Pers. through Georgian (c?.a 'well'). The relationship to the verbal stem c?a:j- 'to swill' (ОСНЯ 3, 59-60) ( < 'wash water off from the surface'?) is yet to be determined.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?Ad(b)an face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"scorpion face="Times New Roman Star"скорпион face="Times New Roman Star"c?ad|an (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan, c?yjan 'сколопендра' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan, (R, Буд. - Kas.) c?ejban 'millipede' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan, c?yjan (Abush. , Sangl. ), c?iban (R - Calc. Wb., Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajo|n face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"c?aja:n face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"sajan face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 94, EDT 403, Лексика 64, 184-185. Turk. > Kalm. caj@ `crayfish' (?), see Щербак 1997 , 111.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?Aj-na- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to chew 2 to bite face="Times New Roman Star"1 жевать 2 кусать face="Times New Roman Star"c?ig|ne-, c?ejne- 1 (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?e|jne|- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajna- 1 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ejna"- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ejne- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"dajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sa"jna"- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:ne- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"cajna-, c?ajna-, c?ejne- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajna- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ene-, c?a"ina"- 1 (ССЯ ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajna- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 95, Рас. ФиЛ 168. Forms with t- in some Siberian languages are rather enigmatic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?A:l face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"grey, grey-headed face="Times New Roman Star"серый, седой face="Times New Roman Star"c?al (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?al face="Times New Roman Star"c?al 'grey hair' face="Times New Roman Star"c?al 'having grey hair amid black hair' (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?o|l 'old man' face="Times New Roman Star"c?al face="Times New Roman Star"c?a:l face="Times New Roman Star"c?al face="Times New Roman Star"c?al face="Times New Roman Star"sa:lyr 'light-bay (horse); pepper-and-salt (hair)' face="Times New Roman Star"c?al face="Times New Roman Star"s?al 'old man' face="Times New Roman Star"s?al face="Times New Roman Star"sal face="Times New Roman Star"c?al face="Times New Roman Star"c?al face="Times New Roman Star"s?al face="Times New Roman Star"c?al face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 417, VEWT 96, TMN 2, 31, Аникин 640. Turk. > WMong. c?al, Kalm. cal, Khalkha cal bu:ral 'grey-haired, roan'; Russ. чалый.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?(i)aly-(gan) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 bush, shrub 2 nettle 3 thorn face="Times New Roman Star"1 куст 2 крапива 3 колючка face="Times New Roman Star"c?aly 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?alag|an 2 (R - Vam. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?alo|w 'ковыль волосистый' face="Times New Roman Star"c?aly 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?aly 'солянка кустарниковая' face="Times New Roman Star"s?alg|yn, (R ) s?alg|anaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?alqanc?aq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?alu 'eine Pflanze zum Verbrennen' face="Times New Roman Star"c?alqan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?aly 'blackthorn; thorn' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 97, Лексика 110. Clauson (EDT 420) relates here OT (МК) c?alqan 'spread of an injury' which is not quite probable (rather a derivative from the polysemic c?al-).
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?(i)al- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 turban 2 noose, lasso 3 to plait, wrap 4 to bind by throwing the rope 5 to become entangled 6 to entangle 7 band, strap 8 to bind around, wrap around 9 to plait face="Times New Roman Star"1 тюрбан 2 аркан, лассо 3 заплетать, заворачивать 4 связывать захлестом, наметывать 5 заплетаться 6 запутать 7 тесьма, завязка 8 обвязывать, обматывать 9 плести face="Times New Roman Star"c?alma 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?al- 4, c?alma 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?alma 1, 'flask fastened to the saddle' (Pav. C. , Sangl. ), 'apron' (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?al-(mo|q) 4, c?alma 1; band, facing face="Times New Roman Star"c?al-ma-s?- 5 face="Times New Roman Star"c?alma 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?alma 1, c?al- 3, c?als?yq 'entangled (of a rope)' face="Times New Roman Star"salba (Sag.) 'лычко для метания камней' face="Times New Roman Star"c?alma 2, dial. (Leb.) c?aly- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"s?alba 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?alys?qaq 'criss-crossing' face="Times New Roman Star"c?al- 4, c?alg|yc? 7, c?alma 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?al- 8 face="Times New Roman Star"s?alma 1, s?aluw 7 face="Times New Roman Star"saly- 8, salma 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?alma 1, c?al- 9, c?alman 'wattle' face="Times New Roman Star"c?al- 8, c?alma 1 face="Times New Roman Star"cal- 8, calma 1, calman 'wattle' face="Times New Roman Star"s?al- 8 face="Times New Roman Star"c?al- 9, c?alma 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 420, VEWT 97, Лексика 395. Turk. > Mong. c?alma, salma 'lasso', see TMN 4, 316-317, Щербак 1997 , 163 (although the meaning 'lasso' is not widely spread in Turkic, Doerfer suggests that it may have been the original, pre-Islamic, meaning of the derivative *c?al-ma). Note Chuv. c?ъw|lg|a- 'to entangle' - usually derived as a loanword < Tat. c?ulg|a- < PT *c?og-la-, but in this case one would rather expect c?ulg|a- - so the Chuv. form may actually reflect PT *c?ial-. The root is attested late, but does not seem to be borrowed, or a specialized development of *c?al- 'hit, chop' (as suggested in TMN ).
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?Am face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 pine tree 2 fir-needle face="Times New Roman Star"1 сосна 2 хвоя face="Times New Roman Star"c?am 1, c?am japrag|y 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?am ag|ac? 1 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"s?am 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sabal 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?abal 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?am 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?am, cam 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 97. Dmitrieva (Дмитриева 1979, 205) derives the Oghuz word for 'fir-tree' from Arab. s?am 'candle', which is dubious phonetically and unlikely because of the Khak. and Shor forms (pointing to *c?amal); more probably an original Turkic root, although localized.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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