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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ibface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 nail, peg 2 corner 3 penis 4 firface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãâîçäü, êîëûøåê, ÷åêà 2 óãîë 3 penis 4 õâîéíîå äåðåâîface="Times New Roman Star"c?y/iv 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"(c?iz?| 1 MK - a miswriting instead *c?iv?)face="Times New Roman Star"c?ivi 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"j 'wedge, cotter'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?uv 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"a" 3 (R, by animals), c?iva" 'space between legs above the knees', c?ivila"n 'back saddlegirth' (fixed with a wooden peg)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?iv 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j 1

face="Times New Roman Star"c?iis? 'wedge'







face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"j 1face="Times New Roman Star"so"j 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?ivi 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j, c?u"w, (K) c?ivij 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"j 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 110, 121, EDT 393-394, 396, Ëåêñèêà 125, 398. Because of well known semantic correlations of the type 'penis': 'thorn': 'fir (needle)' it is tempting to compare also the name of the fir-tree: Tat. dial. (ÊÑÒÒ) c?ivi, cyvy, Khak. syby, Shor s?u"be, Oyr. c?ibi (Tuba c?yby), Tuva s?ivi, Tof. s?ibi. However, the intermediate form meaning 'thorn' is not attested, and the medial consonant here is rather *-p- (unless we suppose interdialectal loans), so it may be unrelated.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ebir-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to twist, turn 2 roundface="Times New Roman Star"1 êðóòèòü, ïîâîðà÷èâàòü 2 êðóãëûé
face="Times New Roman Star"c?evu"r- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ewu"r- 1 (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"bir- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"vu"r- 1



face="Times New Roman Star"s/avar-/s/ar- 1, s/avra 2face="Times New Roman Star"sebirij- 'to uncoil (of a twisted rope)'




face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"jir- 'to twiddle a whirligig'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to tuck', c?u"jre 'contrariwise'face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1, c?evra" 2face="Times New Roman Star"ñivir-, c?evir- 1, civre 2

face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to wrap'face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 102, EDT 398, Åãîðîâ 201-201, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 80. Despite VEWT, there are no reasons to regard the Chuv. word as a borrowing.
face="Times New Roman Star"*d(i)akyface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 additionally, and others, plus 2 again, once moreface="Times New Roman Star"1 êðîìå òîãî, ê òîìó æå, è äðóãèå, áîëüøå, âäîáàâîê 2 îïÿòü, åùå ðàçface="Times New Roman Star"taqy 1, 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"taqy 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"daha 1, bir daha 2 (taky as a clitic)face="Times New Roman Star"tag|yn 2, 'in order to'face="Times New Roman Star"daxy, taqy 1 (Abush., Sangl.), dag|y (MA) 1face="Times New Roman Star"tag|in 2face="Times New Roman Star"texi 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ta'qi, dag|i 2face="Times New Roman Star"da"xi 'too'face="Times New Roman Star"daGy 1face="Times New Roman Star"ta:, da: 1
face="Times New Roman Star"daa 'although' (ÃÀß)face="Times New Roman Star"taqy 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dag|any 1
face="Times New Roman Star"da: 1, da:n 'wholly, always', ta:n 'very, excessively'
face="Times New Roman Star"daa, dag|y, tag|y 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y 2face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y 2face="Times New Roman Star"dag|y-da 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ta: 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"daa (K) 1, 2, dag|y (H, T) 1, 2, dag|yn (H,K) 2, daxy (K) 1, daxa (K) 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"dag|y 'although', tag|y 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ta:g|y, taxi 1, 2 (ÑÑß)face="Times New Roman Star"dag|y 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 457, EDT 466, ÝÑÒß 3, 122-123. Phonology is somewhat uncertain because the stem is functioning as a clitic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*de:-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to sayface="Times New Roman Star"ñêàçàòü, ãîâîðèòüface="Times New Roman Star"te- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"te- (MK, KB) 1face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"di-face="Times New Roman Star"di- (Abush.), te- (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"da"-face="Times New Roman Star"di-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"di:-face="Times New Roman Star"t@-face="Times New Roman Star"te-face="Times New Roman Star"de-
face="Times New Roman Star"te-face="Times New Roman Star"die-face="Times New Roman Star"die-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"te-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"ti-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"dij-face="Times New Roman Star"de-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 467-8, EDT 433-4, ÝÑÒß 3, 221-224, Stachowski 79. Kypchak and some other languages preserve voiced d- due to the word's grammaticalized usage.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:.ke-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to file 2 file (n.)face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïèëèòü, îáòà÷èâàòü 2 íàïèëüíèê
face="Times New Roman Star"ike- ( ? ege-) 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"eje 2face="Times New Roman Star"iga"- 1, iga"w 2face="Times New Roman Star"eka"k 2 (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"ego|w 2face="Times New Roman Star"eka"k, iga"k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"a"ja" 2face="Times New Roman Star"i:ge 2face="Times New Roman Star"ige- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egu" 2
face="Times New Roman Star"j@gev 'whetstone'face="Times New Roman Star"igi: 2face="Times New Roman Star"igi: 2face="Times New Roman Star"eg|e-, o"g|e- 1, eg|e: 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ege-, o"go"- 1, ego":, o"go": 2face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egew 2face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egew 2face="Times New Roman Star"iga"- 1, iga"w 2face="Times New Roman Star"egew 2face="Times New Roman Star"ija 2face="Times New Roman Star"ege, egew 2face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egew 2
face="Times New Roman Star"egew 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 101, VEWT 38, ÝÑÒß 1, 326-328, TMN 2, 93, Åãîðîâ 77, Ëåêñèêà 399, Stachowski 123.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.k(k)iface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"twoface="Times New Roman Star"äâàface="Times New Roman Star"eki (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"e.ki (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ikiface="Times New Roman Star"ikeface="Times New Roman Star"iki (AH, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"ikkiface="Times New Roman Star"ikkiface="Times New Roman Star"s?igyface="Times New Roman Star"ikiface="Times New Roman Star"ikiface="Times New Roman Star"ekeface="Times New Roman Star"igiface="Times New Roman Star"ekiface="Times New Roman Star"a"kki, a"kki.face="Times New Roman Star"ikk@face="Times New Roman Star"ikkiface="Times New Roman Star"ikkiface="Times New Roman Star"ijiface="Times New Roman Star"ixiface="Times New Roman Star"ekiface="Times New Roman Star"ekiface="Times New Roman Star"ekiface="Times New Roman Star"ikeface="Times New Roman Star"ekiface="Times New Roman Star"ikiface="Times New Roman Star"ekyface="Times New Roman Star"ekiface="Times New Roman Star"is?kyface="Times New Roman Star"ekiface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 39, EDT 100-1, ÝÑÒß 1, 337-339, Åãîðîâ 67-68, Stachowski 124.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e>lge-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to sift; 2 sieveface="Times New Roman Star"ñèòî, ïðîñåèâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1 (MK), ele- 1 (IM), elek 2 (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ile|- 1, ile|k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"ela- 1, elak 2face="Times New Roman Star"a"gli- 1, a"lga"k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"a"la"- 1, a"la"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ilge- 1, ilgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1, elgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ha"jla"- 1, ha"jla"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"alla- 1, alla 2

face="Times New Roman Star"egle- / elge- 1face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1, elgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele-, elge- 1, elek, elgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ile- 1, ilek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"iele- 1, ielek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele-, o"le- 1, elek, o"lek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"elex 2 (ÑÑß 324)face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 143, VEWT 40, ÝÑÒß 1, 261-263, Åãîðîâ 24. The behaviour of the internal cluster is phonetically normal (not on a morphemic boundary). Turk. *elgek > WMong. elgeg, Kalm. elg@g (KW 119, TMN 2, 118, Ùåðáàê 1997, 114).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ilmeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 asp-tree 2 elm-treeface="Times New Roman Star"1 îñèíà 2 èëüì, âÿç


face="Times New Roman Star"elma" 2









face="Times New Roman Star"j@w|lme 2





face="Times New Roman Star"elmen 1
face="Times New Roman Star"elme 1



face="Times New Roman Star"elme 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 338, Åãîðîâ 78, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 194, Äìèòðèåâà 189, Ëåêñèêà 126. The word is attested late (like many tree names), but borrowing from Russ. èëüì is hardly possible; the Russian word, usually considered a Germanism (MHG ilme etc.), may equally well be explained as a Turkism (see Åãîðîâ ibid.). The resemblance of PT *ilme and PIE *l&mo- / *olmo- is interesting, but probably accidental (if the Turkic word indeed goes back to PA *p`i_ule).
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.l-t-, -c?-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to bring, carry 2 to lead, drive, sendface="Times New Roman Star"1 íåñòè 2 âåñòè, ïîñûëàòüface="Times New Roman Star"elt- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"elt-, elet- (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ilet- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1face="Times New Roman Star"elt- (Houts.) 2, ilet- (Pav. C.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- (dial.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2



face="Times New Roman Star"jes/- , les/- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1, 2





face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 132, VEWT 41, ÝÑÒß 1, 267-269, Stachowski 125, 126. Turk. > Mong. elde-, Kalm. eld@- (KW 119).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Eltiriface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"skin of kid or lambface="Times New Roman Star"øêóðà êîçëåíêà èëè ÿãíåíêà, êàðàêóëü
face="Times New Roman Star"elri, eldiri (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"elteri (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ilti>rface="Times New Roman Star"eltirik (IM)
face="Times New Roman Star"a"ltera"

face="Times New Roman Star"elteri, elter (dial.)









face="Times New Roman Star"elti>ri>face="Times New Roman Star"eltiriface="Times New Roman Star"ilti>rface="Times New Roman Star"elti>ri>, eltir

face="Times New Roman Star"eltiri
face="Times New Roman Star"eltirface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 135, ÝÑÒß 1, 269-270.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:nc?u"face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 fief, land and vassals presented by the ruler 2 gift, dowryface="Times New Roman Star"1 âëàäåíèå, çåìëÿ è ÷åëÿäü, ïîæàëîâàííûå íà÷àëüíèêîì 2 ïîäàðîê, ïðèäàíîåface="Times New Roman Star"inc?u" (/anc?u) 1 (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"inc?e 2face="Times New Roman Star"enc?u" 1 (Abush. 82)face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|u 1face="Times New Roman Star"a"nc?i 1 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"i:nz?|i 2face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i 2
face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"enn/ie 2


face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ens?i 2
face="Times New Roman Star"inse 2face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i `own'

face="Times New Roman Star"ens?i 2
face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i-li 'own'face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 44, EDT 173, ÝÑÒß 1, 361-362, Ëåêñèêà 347-348, Äûáî 1997. Turk. > MMong. enc?u", WMong. inz?|e, Kalm. inz?|@ (KW 208, 296). Mong. inz?|e 'dowry' may be in fact a word of different (Chinese) origin, see Haenisch 82, TMN 2, 224, EDT ibid., and modern Turkic forms may reflect a confusion of the original form and the later mongolism.
face="Times New Roman Star"*em-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"nowface="Times New Roman Star"ñåé÷àñface="Times New Roman Star"emti (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"imdiface="Times New Roman Star"indi>face="Times New Roman Star"imdi (AH, Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"endiface="Times New Roman Star"a"mdi
face="Times New Roman Star"indiface="Times New Roman Star"indi, s?-u"ndi

face="Times New Roman Star"emdi
face="Times New Roman Star"@nd@



face="Times New Roman Star"emi, endiface="Times New Roman Star"endi>face="Times New Roman Star"endiface="Times New Roman Star"indi>face="Times New Roman Star"endi
face="Times New Roman Star"endiface="Times New Roman Star"endi
face="Times New Roman Star"endiface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 156-157, VEWT 41, ÝÑÒß 1, 357-358, Åãîðîâ 65, Ëåêñèêà 83 (with confusion of *em- and *am- q. v. sub *a>mV).
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.ri-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to meltface="Times New Roman Star"òàÿòü
face="Times New Roman Star"eru"- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"eri-
face="Times New Roman Star"eri- (Abushk.)face="Times New Roman Star"eri-face="Times New Roman Star"iri-
face="Times New Roman Star"a"ri-face="Times New Roman Star"ere-face="Times New Roman Star"ir@-
face="Times New Roman Star"eri-
face="Times New Roman Star"ir@l-face="Times New Roman Star"ir-face="Times New Roman Star"ir-face="Times New Roman Star"eri-
face="Times New Roman Star"eri-face="Times New Roman Star"eri-
face="Times New Roman Star"ire-face="Times New Roman Star"eri-face="Times New Roman Star"jeri-face="Times New Roman Star"iri-face="Times New Roman Star"eri-face="Times New Roman Star"iri-face="Times New Roman Star"iri-face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 289-290, Stachowski 128, EDT 198.
face="Times New Roman Star"*eru"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 plum 2 apricotface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëèâà 2 àáðèêîñface="Times New Roman Star"eru"k 1, 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"eru"k 1, 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1face="Times New Roman Star"u">ri>k 2face="Times New Roman Star"eru"k (AH) 'peach', o"ru"k (Abush.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"o.ri.k 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"a"rik 2face="Times New Roman Star"erik 2








face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ori>k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"u">ru">k 2face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1face="Times New Roman Star"ierik 1face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1face="Times New Roman Star"erik 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru"x 1face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 222, ÝÑÒß 1, 291-292.
face="Times New Roman Star"*er-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 coquetry 2 cockering, endearment 3 cockered, beloved 4 entertainment , jokeface="Times New Roman Star"1 êîêåòñòâî 2 áàëîâñòâî, ëàñêà 3 èçáàëîâàííûé, ëþáèìûé 4 çàáàâà, øóòêà

face="Times New Roman Star"erke (dial.) 3face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, (dial.) irma"k 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 1, 2, 3 (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"erka" 1, 3, ermak 4face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" 3, erma"k 4
face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" (dial.) 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"ermek 4 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, erbek 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek, erbek 4
face="Times New Roman Star"j@rg@n `wriggler, trickster' (Ashm.)face="Times New Roman Star"erke 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erg|e 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, irma"k 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3

face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 48, ÝÑÒß 1, 296-297, 300-301, TMN 2, 181-182. The root is widely spread, although unattested in older sources; its relationship to *eril/- 'contest' (suggested in ÝÑÒß 297) is dubious.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.r-kekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 man 2 husband 3 maleface="Times New Roman Star"1 ìóæ÷èíà 2 ìóæ 3 ñàìåö
face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"irke|k 3
face="Times New Roman Star"erkak 1

face="Times New Roman Star"erka"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1

face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"hi.rka"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"irgex 3face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3face="Times New Roman Star"i'rxek 3face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"irka"k 3face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"a"rkex 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ÝÑÒß 1, 297-298, 321-322, Ëåêñèêà 303, 561, Åãîðîâ 30, Stachowski 46, 128. We follow Clauson (EDT 223-4) in separating *e:r from *e.r-kek.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:.rface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 early 2 early in the morning 3 tomorrow 4 (morning sun) > sunny mountain slopeface="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàíî 2 ðàíî óòðîì 3 çàâòðà 4 (óòðåííåå ñîëíöå) > ñîëíå÷íûé ñêëîí ãîðûface="Times New Roman Star"[ir ? er 4, er-kenin,] erte 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"er, erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"irta" 2face="Times New Roman Star"er 1 (Áóä.), erte 2 (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"erta 2face="Times New Roman Star"a"(r)ta" 'morning'face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"erta" 2face="Times New Roman Star"i:r 1, erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"irte 'morning'
face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ir 3face="Times New Roman Star"erde 1face="Times New Roman Star"erc?in 1face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"irta" 2face="Times New Roman Star"ertte 2face="Times New Roman Star"ierte 'next day'face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erta" 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 202-203, VEWT 46, ÝÑÒß 1, 302-306, 369-370, Åãîðîâ 70, Ëåêñèêà 79, Stachowski 47.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.su"r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to become drunkface="Times New Roman Star"ïüÿíåòü, íàïèâàòüñÿface="Times New Roman Star"esu"r- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"esu"r- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"esri-face="Times New Roman Star"isi>r-face="Times New Roman Star"esri- (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"a"si>r- (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"esre-face="Times New Roman Star"izi>r-face="Times New Roman Star"ezir-face="Times New Roman Star"ezir-
face="Times New Roman Star"u"z@r-face="Times New Roman Star"itir-face="Times New Roman Star"itirikte:- 'to rejoice, have a feast'face="Times New Roman Star"ezir-face="Times New Roman Star"e`siri-face="Times New Roman Star"esir-face="Times New Roman Star"esi>r-face="Times New Roman Star"esir-face="Times New Roman Star"it|i>r-face="Times New Roman Star"esir-
face="Times New Roman Star"esir-face="Times New Roman Star"esir-
face="Times New Roman Star"esir-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 251, VEWT 50, ÝÑÒß 1, 309-310, Stachowski 130.
face="Times New Roman Star"*es-(ku")face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"old, ancientface="Times New Roman Star"ñòàðûéface="Times New Roman Star"eski (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"eski (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"eski, dial. esgiface="Times New Roman Star"iskeface="Times New Roman Star"eski (Sangl., Pav. C., AH, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eski, o"ski
face="Times New Roman Star"a"ski, a"silli 'grown up'face="Times New Roman Star"esgi

face="Times New Roman Star"eski
face="Times New Roman Star"as-lú 'great', az-(-atte, -anne) 'grandfather, grandmother'face="Times New Roman Star"o"su"k 'ancient times'


face="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"it|keface="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"i_eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eski
face="Times New Roman Star"esgi, eskiface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 50, ÝÑÒß 1, 306-308, Ëåêñèêà 86, EDT 246, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 63-64. Cf. also Turk. *asy- 'old, last year's' (VEWT 29).
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to spin, twistface="Times New Roman Star"âèòü, ñó÷èòü, ïëåñòè


face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"es?- (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"es?-face="Times New Roman Star"a"s?-
face="Times New Roman Star"es?-face="Times New Roman Star"i:s?-






face="Times New Roman Star"es?-
face="Times New Roman Star"es?-face="Times New Roman Star"es-
face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"es?-
face="Times New Roman Star"es?-face="Times New Roman Star"es-
face="Times New Roman Star"es?-face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 396.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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