▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ib | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 nail, peg 2 corner 3 penis 4 fir | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãâîçäü, êîëûøåê, ÷åêà 2 óãîë 3 penis 4 õâîéíîå äåðåâî | face="Times New Roman Star"c?y/iv 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"(c?iz?| 1 MK - a miswriting instead *c?iv?) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ivi 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"j 'wedge, cotter' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?uv 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"a" 3 (R, by animals), c?iva" 'space between legs above the knees', c?ivila"n 'back saddlegirth' (fixed with a wooden peg) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?iv 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?iis? 'wedge' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"so"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ivi 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j, c?u"w, (K) c?ivij 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"j 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 110, 121, EDT 393-394, 396, Ëåêñèêà 125, 398. Because of well known semantic correlations of the type 'penis': 'thorn': 'fir (needle)' it is tempting to compare also the name of the fir-tree: Tat. dial. (ÊÑÒÒ) c?ivi, cyvy, Khak. syby, Shor s?u"be, Oyr. c?ibi (Tuba c?yby), Tuva s?ivi, Tof. s?ibi. However, the intermediate form meaning 'thorn' is not attested, and the medial consonant here is rather *-p- (unless we suppose interdialectal loans), so it may be unrelated. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ebir- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to twist, turn 2 round | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðóòèòü, ïîâîðà÷èâàòü 2 êðóãëûé |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?evu"r- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ewu"r- 1 (Sangl.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"bir- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"vu"r- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s/avar-/s/ar- 1, s/avra 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sebirij- 'to uncoil (of a twisted rope)' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"jir- 'to twiddle a whirligig' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to tuck', c?u"jre 'contrariwise' | face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1, c?evra" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ñivir-, c?evir- 1, civre 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to wrap' | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 102, EDT 398, Åãîðîâ 201-201, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 80. Despite VEWT, there are no reasons to regard the Chuv. word as a borrowing. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*d(i)aky | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 additionally, and others, plus 2 again, once more | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðîìå òîãî, ê òîìó æå, è äðóãèå, áîëüøå, âäîáàâîê 2 îïÿòü, åùå ðàç | face="Times New Roman Star"taqy 1, 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"taqy 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"daha 1, bir daha 2 (taky as a clitic) | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|yn 2, 'in order to' | face="Times New Roman Star"daxy, taqy 1 (Abush., Sangl.), dag|y (MA) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|in 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"texi 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta'qi, dag|i 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"da"xi 'too' | face="Times New Roman Star"daGy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:, da: 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"daa 'although' (ÃÀß) | face="Times New Roman Star"taqy 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dag|any 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"da: 1, da:n 'wholly, always', ta:n 'very, excessively' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"daa, dag|y, tag|y 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dag|y-da 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta: 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"daa (K) 1, 2, dag|y (H, T) 1, 2, dag|yn (H,K) 2, daxy (K) 1, daxa (K) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dag|y 'although', tag|y 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:g|y, taxi 1, 2 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"dag|y 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 457, EDT 466, ÝÑÒß 3, 122-123. Phonology is somewhat uncertain because the stem is functioning as a clitic. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*de:- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to say | face="Times New Roman Star"ñêàçàòü, ãîâîðèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"te- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"te- (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"di- | face="Times New Roman Star"di- (Abush.), te- (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"da"- | face="Times New Roman Star"di- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"di:- | face="Times New Roman Star"t@- | face="Times New Roman Star"te- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"te- | face="Times New Roman Star"die- | face="Times New Roman Star"die- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"te- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"ti- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"dij- | face="Times New Roman Star"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 467-8, EDT 433-4, ÝÑÒß 3, 221-224, Stachowski 79. Kypchak and some other languages preserve voiced d- due to the word's grammaticalized usage. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:.ke- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to file 2 file (n.) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïèëèòü, îáòà÷èâàòü 2 íàïèëüíèê |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ike- ( ? ege-) 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"eje 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iga"- 1, iga"w 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"eka"k 2 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ego|w 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"eka"k, iga"k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ja" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i:ge 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ige- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egu" 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"j@gev 'whetstone' | face="Times New Roman Star"igi: 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"igi: 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"eg|e-, o"g|e- 1, eg|e: 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ege-, o"go"- 1, ego":, o"go": 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egew 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egew 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iga"- 1, iga"w 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"egew 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ija 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ege, egew 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egew 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"egew 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 101, VEWT 38, ÝÑÒß 1, 326-328, TMN 2, 93, Åãîðîâ 77, Ëåêñèêà 399, Stachowski 123. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.k(k)i | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"two | face="Times New Roman Star"äâà | face="Times New Roman Star"eki (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"e.ki (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"iki | face="Times New Roman Star"ike | face="Times New Roman Star"iki (AH, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"ikki | face="Times New Roman Star"ikki | face="Times New Roman Star"s?igy | face="Times New Roman Star"iki | face="Times New Roman Star"iki | face="Times New Roman Star"eke | face="Times New Roman Star"igi | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"a"kki, a"kki. | face="Times New Roman Star"ikk@ | face="Times New Roman Star"ikki | face="Times New Roman Star"ikki | face="Times New Roman Star"iji | face="Times New Roman Star"ixi | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"ike | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"iki | face="Times New Roman Star"eky | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"is?ky | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 39, EDT 100-1, ÝÑÒß 1, 337-339, Åãîðîâ 67-68, Stachowski 124. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e>lge- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to sift; 2 sieve | face="Times New Roman Star"ñèòî, ïðîñåèâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1 (MK), ele- 1 (IM), elek 2 (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ile|- 1, ile|k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ela- 1, elak 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"gli- 1, a"lga"k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"la"- 1, a"la"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilge- 1, ilgek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1, elgek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ha"jla"- 1, ha"jla"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"alla- 1, alla 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"egle- / elge- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1, elgek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele-, elge- 1, elek, elgek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ile- 1, ilek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iele- 1, ielek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele-, o"le- 1, elek, o"lek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"elex 2 (ÑÑß 324) | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 143, VEWT 40, ÝÑÒß 1, 261-263, Åãîðîâ 24. The behaviour of the internal cluster is phonetically normal (not on a morphemic boundary). Turk. *elgek > WMong. elgeg, Kalm. elg@g (KW 119, TMN 2, 118, Ùåðáàê 1997, 114). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ilme | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 asp-tree 2 elm-tree | face="Times New Roman Star"1 îñèíà 2 èëüì, âÿç |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"elma" 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"j@w|lme 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"elmen 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"elme 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"elme 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 338, Åãîðîâ 78, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 194, Äìèòðèåâà 189, Ëåêñèêà 126. The word is attested late (like many tree names), but borrowing from Russ. èëüì is hardly possible; the Russian word, usually considered a Germanism (MHG ilme etc.), may equally well be explained as a Turkism (see Åãîðîâ ibid.). The resemblance of PT *ilme and PIE *l&mo- / *olmo- is interesting, but probably accidental (if the Turkic word indeed goes back to PA *p`i_ule). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.l-t-, -c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to bring, carry 2 to lead, drive, send | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íåñòè 2 âåñòè, ïîñûëàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt-, elet- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilet- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- (Houts.) 2, ilet- (Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jes/- , les/- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 132, VEWT 41, ÝÑÒß 1, 267-269, Stachowski 125, 126. Turk. > Mong. elde-, Kalm. eld@- (KW 119). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Eltiri | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"skin of kid or lamb | face="Times New Roman Star"øêóðà êîçëåíêà èëè ÿãíåíêà, êàðàêóëü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"elri, eldiri (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"elteri (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilti>r | face="Times New Roman Star"eltirik (IM) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ltera" |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"elteri, elter (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"elti>ri> | face="Times New Roman Star"eltiri | face="Times New Roman Star"ilti>r | face="Times New Roman Star"elti>ri>, eltir |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"eltiri |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eltir | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 135, ÝÑÒß 1, 269-270. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:nc?u" | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 fief, land and vassals presented by the ruler 2 gift, dowry | face="Times New Roman Star"1 âëàäåíèå, çåìëÿ è ÷åëÿäü, ïîæàëîâàííûå íà÷àëüíèêîì 2 ïîäàðîê, ïðèäàíîå | face="Times New Roman Star"inc?u" (/anc?u) 1 (OUygh.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"inc?e 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"enc?u" 1 (Abush. 82) | face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|u 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"nc?i 1 (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i:nz?|i 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"enn/ie 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ens?i 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"inse 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i `own' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ens?i 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i-li 'own' | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 44, EDT 173, ÝÑÒß 1, 361-362, Ëåêñèêà 347-348, Äûáî 1997. Turk. > MMong. enc?u", WMong. inz?|e, Kalm. inz?|@ (KW 208, 296). Mong. inz?|e 'dowry' may be in fact a word of different (Chinese) origin, see Haenisch 82, TMN 2, 224, EDT ibid., and modern Turkic forms may reflect a confusion of the original form and the later mongolism. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*em- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"now | face="Times New Roman Star"ñåé÷àñ | face="Times New Roman Star"emti (OUygh.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"imdi | face="Times New Roman Star"indi> | face="Times New Roman Star"imdi (AH, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"endi | face="Times New Roman Star"a"mdi |
| face="Times New Roman Star"indi | face="Times New Roman Star"indi, s?-u"ndi |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"emdi |
| face="Times New Roman Star"@nd@ |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"emi, endi | face="Times New Roman Star"endi> | face="Times New Roman Star"endi | face="Times New Roman Star"indi> | face="Times New Roman Star"endi |
| face="Times New Roman Star"endi | face="Times New Roman Star"endi |
| face="Times New Roman Star"endi | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 156-157, VEWT 41, ÝÑÒß 1, 357-358, Åãîðîâ 65, Ëåêñèêà 83 (with confusion of *em- and *am- q. v. sub *a>mV). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.ri- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to melt | face="Times New Roman Star"òàÿòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eru"- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eri- (Abushk.) | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ri- | face="Times New Roman Star"ere- | face="Times New Roman Star"ir@- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ir@l- | face="Times New Roman Star"ir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ir- | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eri- | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ire- | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- | face="Times New Roman Star"jeri- | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 289-290, Stachowski 128, EDT 198. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*eru"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 plum 2 apricot | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëèâà 2 àáðèêîñ | face="Times New Roman Star"eru"k 1, 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"eru"k 1, 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u">ri>k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"eru"k (AH) 'peach', o"ru"k (Abush.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o.ri.k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"rik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ori>k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u">ru">k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ierik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru"x 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 222, ÝÑÒß 1, 291-292. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*er- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 coquetry 2 cockering, endearment 3 cockered, beloved 4 entertainment , joke | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîêåòñòâî 2 áàëîâñòâî, ëàñêà 3 èçáàëîâàííûé, ëþáèìûé 4 çàáàâà, øóòêà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erke (dial.) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, (dial.) irma"k 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 1, 2, 3 (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"erka" 1, 3, ermak 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" 3, erma"k 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" (dial.) 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ermek 4 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, erbek 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek, erbek 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"j@rg@n `wriggler, trickster' (Ashm.) | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erg|e 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, irma"k 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 48, ÝÑÒß 1, 296-297, 300-301, TMN 2, 181-182. The root is widely spread, although unattested in older sources; its relationship to *eril/- 'contest' (suggested in ÝÑÒß 297) is dubious. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.r-kek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 man 2 husband 3 male | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìóæ÷èíà 2 ìóæ 3 ñàìåö |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"irke|k 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erkak 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erka"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"hi.rka"k 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"irgex 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"i'rxek 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"irka"k 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"rkex 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ÝÑÒß 1, 297-298, 321-322, Ëåêñèêà 303, 561, Åãîðîâ 30, Stachowski 46, 128. We follow Clauson (EDT 223-4) in separating *e:r from *e.r-kek. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:.r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 early 2 early in the morning 3 tomorrow 4 (morning sun) > sunny mountain slope | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàíî 2 ðàíî óòðîì 3 çàâòðà 4 (óòðåííåå ñîëíöå) > ñîëíå÷íûé ñêëîí ãîðû | face="Times New Roman Star"[ir ? er 4, er-kenin,] erte 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"er, erte 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"irta" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"er 1 (Áóä.), erte 2 (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"erta 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"(r)ta" 'morning' | face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"erta" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i:r 1, erte 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"irte 'morning' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ir 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"erde 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erc?in 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"irta" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ertte 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ierte 'next day' | face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erta" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 202-203, VEWT 46, ÝÑÒß 1, 302-306, 369-370, Åãîðîâ 70, Ëåêñèêà 79, Stachowski 47. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.su"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to become drunk | face="Times New Roman Star"ïüÿíåòü, íàïèâàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"esu"r- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"esu"r- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"esri- | face="Times New Roman Star"isi>r- | face="Times New Roman Star"esri- (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"a"si>r- (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"esre- | face="Times New Roman Star"izi>r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ezir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ezir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"itir- | face="Times New Roman Star"itirikte:- 'to rejoice, have a feast' | face="Times New Roman Star"ezir- | face="Times New Roman Star"e`siri- | face="Times New Roman Star"esir- | face="Times New Roman Star"esi>r- | face="Times New Roman Star"esir- | face="Times New Roman Star"it|i>r- | face="Times New Roman Star"esir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"esir- | face="Times New Roman Star"esir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"esir- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 251, VEWT 50, ÝÑÒß 1, 309-310, Stachowski 130. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*es-(ku") | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"old, ancient | face="Times New Roman Star"ñòàðûé | face="Times New Roman Star"eski (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"eski (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"eski, dial. esgi | face="Times New Roman Star"iske | face="Times New Roman Star"eski (Sangl., Pav. C., AH, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski, o"ski |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ski, a"silli 'grown up' | face="Times New Roman Star"esgi |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"eski |
| face="Times New Roman Star"as-lú 'great', az-(-atte, -anne) 'grandfather, grandmother' | face="Times New Roman Star"o"su"k 'ancient times' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"it|ke | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"i_eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski |
| face="Times New Roman Star"esgi, eski | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 50, ÝÑÒß 1, 306-308, Ëåêñèêà 86, EDT 246, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 63-64. Cf. also Turk. *asy- 'old, last year's' (VEWT 29). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to spin, twist | face="Times New Roman Star"âèòü, ñó÷èòü, ïëåñòè |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"is?- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?- (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?- | face="Times New Roman Star"a"s?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?- | face="Times New Roman Star"i:s?- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?- | face="Times New Roman Star"es- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is?- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?- | face="Times New Roman Star"es- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 396. |
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