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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*yn|yra- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to neigh 2 to bellow, purr face="Times New Roman Star"1 ржать 2 реветь, визжать, мурлыкать face="Times New Roman Star"yn|ra- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"yn|ra- face="Times New Roman Star"@n@r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"yn|yran- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yn|yran- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 658, Егоров 65, Мудрак 73. face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pi- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to oversew, quilt face="Times New Roman Star"сшивать через край, простегивать face="Times New Roman Star"ku"bi- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"go"bu"-, go"bu" 'толстый шов', ko"pu"- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be- (Sib.) face="Times New Roman Star"(Kypch.) ku"bV- (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pe- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"bu"r- (Tel.) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 306, ЭСТЯ 5, 111, EDT 687. face="Times New Roman Star"*i:r- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"shame, be ashamed, frighten away face="Times New Roman Star"стыд, стыдиться, отпугивать face="Times New Roman Star"ir-, iril- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"i:r- face="Times New Roman Star"ir@k- 'to languish, be bored' face="Times New Roman Star"j@r@n- face="Times New Roman Star"i:r- 'to rave, become crazy' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 192, VEWT 173, (incorrect in) Егоров 80. face="Times New Roman Star"*itelgu" face="Times New Roman Star"a bird of prey face="Times New Roman Star"хищная птица face="Times New Roman Star"o"tla"gu" face="Times New Roman Star"ita"lgu" face="Times New Roman Star"itelgi face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 175. Turk. > Kalm. itl.g|@ (KW 211). [rather < Mong.] face="Times New Roman Star"*Kadyr- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"hard, strong, cruel face="Times New Roman Star"крепкий, сильный, жестокий face="Times New Roman Star"qadyr (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"xazyr face="Times New Roman Star"qazyr face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr face="Times New Roman Star"xata:ryj- 'вымещать мстительность, неприязнь, злопамятствовать' face="Times New Roman Star"Todzh. xadyr face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 'contradiction, objection' face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 'angry' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 218, TMN 3, 378-379, ЭСТЯ 5, 216. face="Times New Roman Star"*KAmug face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"all, together face="Times New Roman Star"все, вместе face="Times New Roman Star"qamug| (OUygh.), qamag| (Orkh., OUygh.), qamyg| (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qamug| (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"kamu face="Times New Roman Star"qamug| (Qutb ., Буд. ), qamuq (Abush. ) face="Times New Roman Star"xamyx face="Times New Roman Star"qamyq face="Times New Roman Star"qamyq face="Times New Roman Star"xamyq face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 627, ЭСТЯ 5, 243-244. Modern forms like Kirgh., Kaz. qama- 'to surround, besiege', qamala- id., 'to gather in a crowd' etc. (see ЭСТЯ 5, 159) should be rather regarded as mongolisms. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko:m face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wave face="Times New Roman Star"волна face="Times New Roman Star"qom (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"qum (Houts. , AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"Go:m face="Times New Roman Star"qom face="Times New Roman Star"xom face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 625, ЭСТЯ 6, 54, Федотов 2, 356-357. face="Times New Roman Star"*Komta face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"box face="Times New Roman Star"ящик face="Times New Roman Star"qumta face="Times New Roman Star"xomdy face="Times New Roman Star"qomda face="Times New Roman Star"x|omdu face="Times New Roman Star"qumta face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 279, ЭСТЯ 6, 6. Relation to Mong. qobdu is hardly possible. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kamyc? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"scoop, ladle face="Times New Roman Star"черпак face="Times New Roman Star"qamyc? (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qamyc? (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"qamyc? (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"qemic? face="Times New Roman Star"xamys face="Times New Roman Star"(Bulg.) xumz?|a (< *kamc?a(h)) face="Times New Roman Star"xamyas, xomuos face="Times New Roman Star"komuos face="Times New Roman Star"xymys? face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 626, VEWT 229, ЭСТЯ 5, 248-249, Stachowski 152. face="Times New Roman Star"*Korum face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"rock, cliff, heap of stones face="Times New Roman Star"скала, куча камней face="Times New Roman Star"qorum (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"qoram face="Times New Roman Star"xorym face="Times New Roman Star"qorum face="Times New Roman Star"qorum face="Times New Roman Star"xorum face="Times New Roman Star"qorum face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 660, VEWT 283, Лексика 99. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyrgak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"edge face="Times New Roman Star"край face="Times New Roman Star"qyrg|ag| (MK ) 'selvage, edge' face="Times New Roman Star"kyrak face="Times New Roman Star"qyryj face="Times New Roman Star"qyryg|, qyrag| (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qirg|o|q face="Times New Roman Star"qi(r)g|aq face="Times New Roman Star"GyraG face="Times New Roman Star"xri, xyryj, xyryg| face="Times New Roman Star"qyryg| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrag| face="Times New Roman Star"x@r@ face="Times New Roman Star"kyry: face="Times New Roman Star"kyry: face="Times New Roman Star"qyry face="Times New Roman Star"qyru: face="Times New Roman Star"qyraq face="Times New Roman Star"qyryj face="Times New Roman Star"qyryj face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 265, EDT 653, ЭСТЯ 6, 242-244, Stachowski 170. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyp- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to press together 2 scissors 3 tongs 4 to cut (with scissors) face="Times New Roman Star"1 сжимать 2 ножницы 3 клещи face="Times New Roman Star"qyftu (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kypty (dial.) 2, ky(r)p- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"qypty 2 (Houts. , Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"Gyrp- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"Gyp- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xypty 2, xypla- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"qypty 2, qypla- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"qypta 2, qypc?yn- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xypc?ъk 3 face="Times New Roman Star"kyptyj 2, kybyt-, kybyj- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kyptyj- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qypty 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qypty 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 234, EDT 582, ЭСТЯ 6, 221-222, 224, Stachowski 168. face="Times New Roman Star"*geb-re- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to become weak, fragile 2 fragile face="Times New Roman Star"1 слабеть, становиться хрупким 2 хрупкий face="Times New Roman Star"kevre- 1, kevrek 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"gevre- 1, gevrek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jro"k 2 (КСТТ ) face="Times New Roman Star"kuwrak 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"vra"k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kibrek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kavraj- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kebire:- 1 (possibly < Mong.) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jro"- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jrek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ka"wert 'a tree rotten inside' face="Times New Roman Star"gevrek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 244, 245, EDT 691, ЭСТЯ 3, 7-9. Turk. > Hung. ko?ro? 'fragile' Gombocz 1912 . face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)agyl face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"rod face="Times New Roman Star"прут face="Times New Roman Star"qag|yl (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qag|yl (MK , KB ) 'fresh willow shoots' face="Times New Roman Star"xa:l face="Times New Roman Star"ko:la- 'буйно расти (о раст.) в ущерб плоду, семени' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 220, EDT 610. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kym- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to wish, intend 2 to persuade face="Times New Roman Star"1 желать, намереваться 2 убеждать face="Times New Roman Star"qymyn- (Sib.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qymsa-n- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qym- 2, qymzyn- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"x@mlen- 'вдохновляться, воодушевляться' face="Times New Roman Star"kyma:rda:-, kuma:rda:- 'заботиться, беспокоиться', kumsugur- 'завидовать' face="Times New Roman Star"qymtym 'желание' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 263. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:.rt- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"falcon, hawk face="Times New Roman Star"сокол, ястреб face="Times New Roman Star"kartal face="Times New Roman Star"qartal (Houts. , AH , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"dial. Gartal face="Times New Roman Star"xartyg|a face="Times New Roman Star"qartag|a face="Times New Roman Star"ky:rt, ky:rdaj face="Times New Roman Star"ky:rt face="Times New Roman Star"xartyg|a face="Times New Roman Star"qartyg|a face="Times New Roman Star"qartaq face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 239, ЭСТЯ 5, 316-318, Лексика 169, Stachowski 172. Turk. *kartygaj > MMong. qarc?igaj (SH qarc?iqai), WMong. qarc?ig|ai (see TMN 1, 404), whence again late MTurk. qarc?yg|aj (see TMN 1, 404-405, Щербак 1997 , 208). Loans from Mong. are Man. qarc?in 'kite' and MK or. karc?ik@i 'yellow falcon' (see Lee 1958 , 119, 1964, 191). face="Times New Roman Star"*Kok face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"dust, ashes face="Times New Roman Star"пыль, пепел face="Times New Roman Star"qog| (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qog| (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"qog| (AH , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"xox face="Times New Roman Star"qoq face="Times New Roman Star"xog|oso face="Times New Roman Star"xoq face="Times New Roman Star"qoq face="Times New Roman Star"qoq face="Times New Roman Star"qoq face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 609, VEWT 275, 276, Лексика 368. Turk. > Mong. qog|, Kalm. xog 'dregs, dirt' (KW 181, Щербак 1997 , 165). face="Times New Roman Star"*Kerke- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 a k. of bird (кедровка) 2 black-cock face="Times New Roman Star"1 кедровка 2 тетерев, глухарь face="Times New Roman Star"kergen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kergen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"karъk 2 face="Times New Roman Star"gerge 'жаворонок, skylark' face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"l- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to be shy, afraid, sullen 2 to be jealous 3 jealousy face="Times New Roman Star"1 робеть, пугаться, расстраиваться 2 ревновать 3 ревность face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"n 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ler-, Tel. ku"lu"nes?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le-, ku"les?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xo"l-ze- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 289. Егоров 122-123 confuses the root with *gu"ni (q. v. sub *kune ); so does Федотов 1, 321. face="Times New Roman Star"*go"mu"l-du"ru"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"breast strap face="Times New Roman Star"грудной ремень face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"ldu"ru"k (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"go"mu"ldu"ru"k face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m@lt@k (КСТТ ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"ldu"ru"k (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"go"mu"ldu"ru"k face="Times New Roman Star"ho"mu"ndu"ru"k face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"ldu"ru"k face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m@ld@r@k face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 289, EDT 723, ЭСТЯ 3, 71-72, Лексика 552-553. Turk. > Mong. ko"mu"ldu"rge (Щербак 1977 , 128). Forms like Uygh. o"mu"ldu"ru"k, Bashk. u"melderek (see ЭСТЯ 1, 530, Лексика 553) may be derived from the same stem, under an influence of *o"mgen 'upper part of breast' q. v. sub *emo ; a separate etymology see, however, under *p`o\me .
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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