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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:n-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to suffer 2 to be abashed, distressed 4 colic 5 to grizzle, slug 6 (birth) pains, labours 7 impatience 8 drag, disturbance 9 flaw, fault 10 obtuse, absent-minded 11 to torture, offendface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòðàäàòü 2 ðàñòåðÿòüñÿ, ïðèéòè â çàìåøàòåëüñòâî 4 êîëèêà 5 êàïðèçíè÷àòü, íåæèòüñÿ 6 ïîòóãè, ðîäîâûå ñõâàòêè 7 íåòåðïåíèå 8 îáóçà, ïîìåõà 9 óïóùåíèå, ïðîìàõ 10 ðàññåÿííûé, áåñòîëêîâûé 11 ìó÷èòü, îáèæàòüface="Times New Roman Star"enegu" 4 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"enc?ik- 'to lose feelings' (MK, KB), enegu" 4 (MK), enit- (AH) 2face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1face="Times New Roman Star"intek- 1, enz?|e-le- 5face="Times New Roman Star"entu"k- 1face="Times New Roman Star"entik- 1face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|ik 6
face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i 6, enc?ik 7face="Times New Roman Star"i.nz?|i- 1face="Times New Roman Star"andúx- 1, 7, anzux 'dumb, sclerotic person'face="Times New Roman Star"enn'e-lik 8, enc?i 9


face="Times New Roman Star"ente-le- 2, entik- 'to suffer from dyspnoea', eno": 10
face="Times New Roman Star"enew 4face="Times New Roman Star"intek- 1, inte- 11face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1face="Times New Roman Star"enz?|ek 'newborn'face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|yt-, inc?it- 11 (T)

face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 174, 184, ÝÑÒß 1, 283, Åãîðîâ 29. Doerfer (Khal.) suggests Arabic origin, which is quite improbable. Vowel length is suggested by the voiced -z?|- of the suffix in several languages.
face="Times New Roman Star"*en|seface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"back of the neckface="Times New Roman Star"çàäíÿÿ ÷àñòü øåè

face="Times New Roman Star"ense
face="Times New Roman Star"en|se, a"n|sa" (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"ensa"


face="Times New Roman Star"jen|se

face="Times New Roman Star"en|ze
face="Times New Roman Star"@nze, j@nze



face="Times New Roman Star"en|seface="Times New Roman Star"en|seface="Times New Roman Star"en|se

face="Times New Roman Star"jensa"face="Times New Roman Star"en|se, enseface="Times New Roman Star"en|se
face="Times New Roman Star"en|seface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 190-191, Åãîðîâ 65, Ëåêñèêà 237-238.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ep-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to blow 2 movement of air, breeze 3 energy, tempo 4 gusty (wind)face="Times New Roman Star"1 äóòü, âåÿòü 2 äâèæåíèå âîçäóõà, âåòåðîê 3 ïîðûâ, òåìï, ýíåðãèÿ 4 ïîðûâèñòûé (î âåòðå)


face="Times New Roman Star"ip- 1 (Seb.)
face="Times New Roman Star"a"pkin (dial.) 2





face="Times New Roman Star"epkin 2





face="Times New Roman Star"epkin 3face="Times New Roman Star"epkin 2face="Times New Roman Star"epkinli 4



face="Times New Roman Star"epkin 3

face="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 42.
face="Times New Roman Star"*er-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 coquetry 2 cockering, endearment 3 cockered, beloved 4 entertainment , jokeface="Times New Roman Star"1 êîêåòñòâî 2 áàëîâñòâî, ëàñêà 3 èçáàëîâàííûé, ëþáèìûé 4 çàáàâà, øóòêà

face="Times New Roman Star"erke (dial.) 3face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, (dial.) irma"k 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 1, 2, 3 (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"erka" 1, 3, ermak 4face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" 3, erma"k 4
face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" (dial.) 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"ermek 4 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, erbek 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek, erbek 4
face="Times New Roman Star"j@rg@n `wriggler, trickster' (Ashm.)face="Times New Roman Star"erke 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erg|e 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, irma"k 4face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3

face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 48, ÝÑÒß 1, 296-297, 300-301, TMN 2, 181-182. The root is widely spread, although unattested in older sources; its relationship to *eril/- 'contest' (suggested in ÝÑÒß 297) is dubious.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.r-kekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 man 2 husband 3 maleface="Times New Roman Star"1 ìóæ÷èíà 2 ìóæ 3 ñàìåö
face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"irke|k 3
face="Times New Roman Star"erkak 1

face="Times New Roman Star"erka"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1

face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"hi.rka"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"irgex 3face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3face="Times New Roman Star"i'rxek 3face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"irka"k 3face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"a"rkex 1face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ÝÑÒß 1, 297-298, 321-322, Ëåêñèêà 303, 561, Åãîðîâ 30, Stachowski 46, 128. We follow Clauson (EDT 223-4) in separating *e:r from *e.r-kek.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:.rface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 early 2 early in the morning 3 tomorrow 4 (morning sun) > sunny mountain slopeface="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàíî 2 ðàíî óòðîì 3 çàâòðà 4 (óòðåííåå ñîëíöå) > ñîëíå÷íûé ñêëîí ãîðûface="Times New Roman Star"[ir ? er 4, er-kenin,] erte 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"er, erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"irta" 2face="Times New Roman Star"er 1 (Áóä.), erte 2 (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"erta 2face="Times New Roman Star"a"(r)ta" 'morning'face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"erta" 2face="Times New Roman Star"i:r 1, erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"irte 'morning'
face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ir 3face="Times New Roman Star"erde 1face="Times New Roman Star"erc?in 1face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"irta" 2face="Times New Roman Star"ertte 2face="Times New Roman Star"ierte 'next day'face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2face="Times New Roman Star"erte 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erta" 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 202-203, VEWT 46, ÝÑÒß 1, 302-306, 369-370, Åãîðîâ 70, Ëåêñèêà 79, Stachowski 47.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l/u"-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to cover 2 (door) curtain > doorface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîêðûâàòü 2 (äâåðíîé) çàíàâåñ > äâåðü
face="Times New Roman Star"es?u"- 1, es?ik / es?u"k 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"is?i>k 2face="Times New Roman Star"is?ik 2 (AH, IM), is?u"k (IM), es?ik 2 (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2

face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"i:s?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"i:zi>k, i>zi>k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ez?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"ez?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.s?u"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"algú, alúk 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ez?ik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"esik 2face="Times New Roman Star"is?i>k 2face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"jes?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"esik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 256, 260, TMN 2, 183-184, Åãîðîâ 24, ÝÑÒß 1, 396-398, Ëåêñèêà 511-512, 517.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.su"r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to become drunkface="Times New Roman Star"ïüÿíåòü, íàïèâàòüñÿface="Times New Roman Star"esu"r- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"esu"r- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"esri-face="Times New Roman Star"isi>r-face="Times New Roman Star"esri- (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"a"si>r- (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"esre-face="Times New Roman Star"izi>r-face="Times New Roman Star"ezir-face="Times New Roman Star"ezir-
face="Times New Roman Star"u"z@r-face="Times New Roman Star"itir-face="Times New Roman Star"itirikte:- 'to rejoice, have a feast'face="Times New Roman Star"ezir-face="Times New Roman Star"e`siri-face="Times New Roman Star"esir-face="Times New Roman Star"esi>r-face="Times New Roman Star"esir-face="Times New Roman Star"it|i>r-face="Times New Roman Star"esir-
face="Times New Roman Star"esir-face="Times New Roman Star"esir-
face="Times New Roman Star"esir-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 251, VEWT 50, ÝÑÒß 1, 309-310, Stachowski 130.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.l/it-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to hearface="Times New Roman Star"ñëûøàòüface="Times New Roman Star"es?id- (Orkh.), es?it- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"is?it-face="Times New Roman Star"is?et-; dial. (Mishar) is?- 'hear' (ÒÒÄÑ 156), (Bar.) is?e|n- 'listen' (ßÁÒ 140)face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- (Abush. 63)face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-face="Times New Roman Star"es?et- (Kashg., ÓÍÑ 109)
face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-, pass. es?idil-face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-, pass. es?idil-face="Times New Roman Star"is- / ist-

face="Times New Roman Star"is?u"t-face="Times New Roman Star"ilt-face="Times New Roman Star"ihit-, pass. ihilin-face="Times New Roman Star"ihit-, pass. ihilin-

face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-face="Times New Roman Star"est-face="Times New Roman Star"esit-face="Times New Roman Star"is?et-face="Times New Roman Star"es?t-face="Times New Roman Star"is?it-face="Times New Roman Star"s?it-face="Times New Roman Star"esit-face="Times New Roman Star"is?ti-face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 51, EDT 257-8, ÝÑÒß 1, 318-319, Åãîðîâ 69, Stachowski 123. Note -d- in Runic and the voicing of -t before a vowel in Az. and Turkm. Khak. has two forms of stem (is- and iste-, morphonologically distributed, so that is- < iste-; the same historical process could have occurred with. Ku"a"r. a"s?-, Kach. es?- (R 1, 905); so the only clear evidence for the stem *el/- are Tatar dialectal reflexes (in which case -t may be a causative suffix, see Bang 1925, Zaja,czkowski 1932). Shor este- 'to hear', estel- 'to be heard' do not belong here, being derived from *es > is 'mind, memory', like Mod. Uygh. an|la- 'to hear' < an| 'mind'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*es-(ku")face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"old, ancientface="Times New Roman Star"ñòàðûéface="Times New Roman Star"eski (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"eski (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"eski, dial. esgiface="Times New Roman Star"iskeface="Times New Roman Star"eski (Sangl., Pav. C., AH, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eski, o"ski
face="Times New Roman Star"a"ski, a"silli 'grown up'face="Times New Roman Star"esgi

face="Times New Roman Star"eski
face="Times New Roman Star"as-lú 'great', az-(-atte, -anne) 'grandfather, grandmother'face="Times New Roman Star"o"su"k 'ancient times'


face="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"it|keface="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"i_eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eskiface="Times New Roman Star"eski
face="Times New Roman Star"esgi, eskiface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 50, ÝÑÒß 1, 306-308, Ëåêñèêà 86, EDT 246, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 63-64. Cf. also Turk. *asy- 'old, last year's' (VEWT 29).
face="Times New Roman Star"*el/gekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"donkeyface="Times New Roman Star"îñåëface="Times New Roman Star"es?gek (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"es?gek, es?jek (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"es?ekface="Times New Roman Star"is?a"kface="Times New Roman Star"es?ek (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"es?a"kface="Times New Roman Star"es?a"k
face="Times New Roman Star"es?s?a"kface="Times New Roman Star"es?ek

face="Times New Roman Star"es?tek
face="Times New Roman Star"az?ak



face="Times New Roman Star"es?ekface="Times New Roman Star"esekface="Times New Roman Star"es?ekface="Times New Roman Star"is?a"kface="Times New Roman Star"es?ekface="Times New Roman Star"ies?ekface="Times New Roman Star"es?ekface="Times New Roman Star"es?ek
face="Times New Roman Star"es?ekface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 317-318, TMN 2, 65, EDT 260.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:t-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to organize, to makeface="Times New Roman Star"óñòðàèâàòü, äåëàòüface="Times New Roman Star"et- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"et- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"it-face="Times New Roman Star"et- (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"et-, a"t-face="Times New Roman Star"et-, jet-, it-face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"i:deg 'keeping' ('ïðèñìîòð'), et-face="Times New Roman Star"it-
face="Times New Roman Star"et-
face="Times New Roman Star"at-

face="Times New Roman Star"et-
face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"it-face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"et-
face="Times New Roman Star"et-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 36-37, ÝÑÒß 1, 312-313, Äûáî Äèññ. 56, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 67. Shortness in Turkm. et- is no doubt secondary: cf. the derivative i:deg, and also regular intervocalic voicing -t- > -d- in all Oghuz languages (pointing to original length), see EDT ibid.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Etekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"lap, edge of clothface="Times New Roman Star"ïîäîë, êðàé îäåæäû
face="Times New Roman Star"etek (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"ita"kface="Times New Roman Star"etek (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"eta"kface="Times New Roman Star"eta"k
face="Times New Roman Star"a"ta"kface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"idekface="Times New Roman Star"edekface="Times New Roman Star"edekface="Times New Roman Star"ha"ta"k


face="Times New Roman Star"e'dek
face="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"ita"kface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"ietekface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"etek
face="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 50, VEWT 52, ÝÑÒß 1, 313.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:tu"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bootface="Times New Roman Star"áîòèíîê, ñàïîãface="Times New Roman Star"etu"k (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"etu"k (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"edikface="Times New Roman Star"iti>kface="Times New Roman Star"etu"k (Pav. C.), o"tu"k (Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) a"dik, o"tik, o"tu"kface="Times New Roman Star"o"tu"k

face="Times New Roman Star"a":dikface="Times New Roman Star"o"d@k
face="Times New Roman Star"o"du"k
face="Times New Roman Star"adúface="Times New Roman Star"eterbesface="Times New Roman Star"eterbesface="Times New Roman Star"idikface="Times New Roman Star"idikface="Times New Roman Star"o"tu"kface="Times New Roman Star"etikface="Times New Roman Star"etik



face="Times New Roman Star"etikface="Times New Roman Star"i:tix, itixface="Times New Roman Star"etikface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 50, VEWT 52, ÝÑÒß 1, 319-321, Åãîðîâ 36, Ëåêñèêà 479, Stachowski 48.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.r/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to scratch, scrape 2 to knead, press 3 to grind, crush 4 to soak, dilute 5 to rub, smearface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñêðåñòè, öàðàïàòü 2 ðàçìèíàòü, äàâèòü 3 òîëî÷ü, ðàñòèðàòü 4 ìî÷èòü, ðàçæèæàòü 5 ðàñòèðàòü, îáìàçûâàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"ez- (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 3, 4face="Times New Roman Star"iz- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ez- (Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) 5face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 5face="Times New Roman Star"a"z- 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"a"z- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 4


face="Times New Roman Star"a"z- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ir- 2, 4



face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 4face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2face="Times New Roman Star"id|- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 3face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 279, ÝÑÒß 1, 235-236, Åãîðîâ 71, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 170.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ediface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"hostface="Times New Roman Star"õîçÿèíface="Times New Roman Star"edi (idi) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"id|i (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ije, ys, isface="Times New Roman Star"ija"face="Times New Roman Star"eje (Áîð. Áàä., Abush.), ije (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"a"ja" (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"iseface="Times New Roman Star"jija"face="Times New Roman Star"ejeface="Times New Roman Star"e:face="Times New Roman Star"e:face="Times New Roman Star"e:

face="Times New Roman Star"ic?c?iface="Times New Roman Star"ic?c?iface="Times New Roman Star"e: ( < Oyr. or Khak.)
face="Times New Roman Star"e:face="Times New Roman Star"i>jeface="Times New Roman Star"ijeface="Times New Roman Star"i>ja"face="Times New Roman Star"ije
face="Times New Roman Star"ije, jeface="Times New Roman Star"ije
face="Times New Roman Star"jejeface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 237-241, TMN 2, 176, EDT 41, Ëåêñèêà 324-325, Stachowski 122. Some forms (Tur. ys, is, Yak. ic?c?i etc.) go back to a suffixed *ede-si; the Khak. and Shor forms should be explained as a haplology of the same form.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:n|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 cheeks 2 jaw, chinface="Times New Roman Star"1 ùåêè 2 ÷åëþñòü, ïîäáîðîäîê
face="Times New Roman Star"en| 1, en|ek 1, 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"enek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ija"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"en|ek, enek 2 (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"enga"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"in|a"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"in|ek 2face="Times New Roman Star"a"n| 2face="Times New Roman Star"a":n| 'lower jaw', en|ek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ek 2face="Times New Roman Star"e:k 2face="Times New Roman Star"e:k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ana 2face="Times New Roman Star"in| 2


face="Times New Roman Star"e:k 2face="Times New Roman Star"i>jek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ijek 2face="Times New Roman Star"i>jek 2


face="Times New Roman Star"ijek 2

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 166, 183, VEWT 45, ÝÑÒß 1, 284-285, Ëåêñèêà 218-219, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 45.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e>.dn|e-rface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"saddleface="Times New Roman Star"ñåäëî
face="Times New Roman Star"ed|er (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"eyerface="Times New Roman Star"ije|rface="Times New Roman Star"e.gerface="Times New Roman Star"egarface="Times New Roman Star"eg@(r)face="Times New Roman Star"ezerface="Times New Roman Star"ja"ha"rface="Times New Roman Star"ejerface="Times New Roman Star"izerface="Times New Roman Star"ezerface="Times New Roman Star"e:r
face="Times New Roman Star"j@nerface="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:rface="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:rface="Times New Roman Star"ezerface="Times New Roman Star"e'zer (Ðàñ. ÔèË 183)face="Times New Roman Star"e:rface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"ijerface="Times New Roman Star"eja"rface="Times New Roman Star"ijerface="Times New Roman Star"je:rface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"en|er (Kakuk)face="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 63, VEWT 36, ÝÑÒß 1, 241-242, 658-659, Ëåêñèêà 539, Stachowski 261. Reflexes of the cluster are complicated by borrowings: e.g. Tuva, Tof. is < Khak. Turk. *edn|er-c?ak 'pack saddle' > MMong. in|g|irc?aq, WMong. jan|g|irc?aq id. (TMN 2, 128-129, Ùåðáàê 1997, 164, Àíèêèí 88).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ed, *ed-gu"face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 thing, goods 2 good, excellent 3 good action, benefitface="Times New Roman Star"1 âåùü, äîáðî, èìóùåñòâî 2 õîðîøèé, îòëè÷íûé 3 áëàãîäåÿíèåface="Times New Roman Star"ed 1 (OUygh.), edgu" 2face="Times New Roman Star"ed| 1, ed|gu" 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"iji 2face="Times New Roman Star"ige, ijge




face="Times New Roman Star"ejgi-lik 3




face="Times New Roman Star"u"tu"o" 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"tu"o" 2face="Times New Roman Star"eki 2face="Times New Roman Star"e'kki 2face="Times New Roman Star"ijgi-lig 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ijgi 1
face="Times New Roman Star"igi,izgi 1


face="Times New Roman Star"i: 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 245-247, 248-249, 329-330, VEWT 35-36, EDT 33, 51, Stachowski 201. PT *ed-gu" is derived from PT *ed 'thing, goods' (Ëåêñèêà 326) ( > Mong. ed, MMong. (SH etc.) ed, see Ùåðáàê 1997, 113). Mong. edege- 'to feel better, recover' (Dag. edge-) is also possibly < Turkic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*eginface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"shoulderface="Times New Roman Star"ïëå÷îface="Times New Roman Star"egin (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"egin (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"eg|in, ejin 'back'
face="Times New Roman Star"egin (Abush., Pav. C.), in (Pav. C.) 'back'face="Times New Roman Star"egin
face="Times New Roman Star"igenface="Times New Roman Star"a"jin 'body'face="Times New Roman Star"egin (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"in|ni>face="Times New Roman Star"a"n|in, eginiface="Times New Roman Star"ijin
face="Times New Roman Star"avún, anface="Times New Roman Star"ien
face="Times New Roman Star"eg|in
face="Times New Roman Star"ijinface="Times New Roman Star"i>ji>nface="Times New Roman Star"ijin


face="Times New Roman Star"i:n, inface="Times New Roman Star"ijin

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 109, VEWT 37, ÝÑÒß 1, 225-227, Åãîðîâ 26, Ëåêñèêà 239, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 42-43.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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