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\data\alt\turcet
▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*bialykface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"city, fortressface="Times New Roman Star"ãîðîä, êðåïîñòüface="Times New Roman Star"balyq (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"balyq (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"balyq (Pav. C.)

face="Times New Roman Star"balyq, paluq




face="Times New Roman Star"baluq 'äåðåâíÿ'face="Times New Roman Star"pu"ler













face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 2, 257, EDT 335-336, ÝÑÒß 2, 59, ÎÑÍß 3, 91, Ëåêñèêà 485, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 194.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Arka-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"lasso, thick stringface="Times New Roman Star"ëàññî, òîëñòàÿ âåðåâêà




face="Times New Roman Star"arkan 1


face="Times New Roman Star"arqa:n


















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 26, ÝÑÒß 1, 175-176. Turk. > WMong. arqala-, Kalm. arx@l- (KW 14).
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:ke- (? i:-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to be insolent, quarrelface="Times New Roman Star"áûòü äåðçêèì, ññîðèòüñÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"ike-, ikes?- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"iges?-face="Times New Roman Star"eges?-




face="Times New Roman Star"i:gen- 'to scold, growl at'




face="Times New Roman Star"eg|e 'faultfinding', eg|ele:- 'to find faults'
face="Times New Roman Star"egen- 'to feel uncomfortable'
face="Times New Roman Star"eges?-face="Times New Roman Star"eges-face="Times New Roman Star"eges-






face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 101, 118-119.
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:tag
face="Times New Roman Star"islandface="Times New Roman Star"îñòðîâ

face="Times New Roman Star"adaface="Times New Roman Star"atawface="Times New Roman Star"(CCum.) atov



face="Times New Roman Star"a:da



face="Times New Roman Star"odú













face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 31, ÝÑÒß 1, 87-88, TMN 2, 19, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 295.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sor/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to dragface="Times New Roman Star"òàùèòü


face="Times New Roman Star"sus-

face="Times New Roman Star"soz-
face="Times New Roman Star"soz-face="Times New Roman Star"soz-




face="Times New Roman Star"sos-face="Times New Roman Star"hohun-

face="Times New Roman Star"soz-face="Times New Roman Star"soz-
face="Times New Roman Star"hud|-face="Times New Roman Star"soz-



face="Times New Roman Star"soz-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 429, Stachowski 107.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko:ry-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to fence, protectface="Times New Roman Star"çàùèùàòü, çàãîðàæèâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"qory- (Yen.)face="Times New Roman Star"qory- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"koru-
face="Times New Roman Star"qoru- (Ettuhf., Áîð. Áàä.)face="Times New Roman Star"qu.ri-face="Times New Roman Star"qoru-
face="Times New Roman Star"Goru-face="Times New Roman Star"Go:ry-, Go:ra-






face="Times New Roman Star"xoru-
face="Times New Roman Star"qoru-
face="Times New Roman Star"qory-
face="Times New Roman Star"qoru-face="Times New Roman Star"qoru-face="Times New Roman Star"qoru-, qory-face="Times New Roman Star"qory-
face="Times New Roman Star"qoru-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 282, EDT 645-646, Ëåêñèêà 486-487, 575, ÝÑÒß 6, 76-78. Cf. also the derivative *Ko:ry-kan, sometimes confused with *Kur-gan (see under *Kur-). One should also note PT *Kurtgar- 'to rescue', *Kurtul- 'be rescued' (see EDT 649, 650, ÝÑÒß 6, 177-179), which may be a contraction < *Ko:ru-t-gar-, *Ko:ru-t-ul-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*elu"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"mockery, ridiculeface="Times New Roman Star"íàñìåøêà, èçäåâàòåëüñòâî
face="Times New Roman Star"elu"k (MK)






face="Times New Roman Star"ilgezik 'glib, jaunty' (?)face="Times New Roman Star"el@k













face="Times New Roman Star"elik


face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 264-265, EDT 142. Turk. > WMong. eleg, ileg, Khalkha eleg (KW 119).
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:c?- (?i:-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to submitface="Times New Roman Star"ïîä÷èíÿòüface="Times New Roman Star"ic?ik- (Orkh., OUygh.), ec?ik- (Yen.)face="Times New Roman Star"ec?ik- (MK)



face="Times New Roman Star"ec?in- 'to repent, regret'

face="Times New Roman Star"ez?|i:z 'weak, fenceless'face="Times New Roman Star"is- 'to obey'

















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 25.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bus-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to hide, lay an ambushface="Times New Roman Star"ïðÿòàòüñÿ, óñòðàèâàòü çàñàäóface="Times New Roman Star"bus- (OUygh.- Suv.)face="Times New Roman Star"bus- (MK, KB, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"pus-face="Times New Roman Star"pos-face="Times New Roman Star"bus- (Pav. C., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"pis-; pus- (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"pus- 'to eavesdrop'face="Times New Roman Star"bus-


face="Times New Roman Star"bus-xo 'Hinterhalt, Lauer'







face="Times New Roman Star"but|-





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 371, ÝÑÒß 2, 278-279, TMN 2, 291-292.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kobu-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"empty, hollowface="Times New Roman Star"ïóñòîé, ïîëûéface="Times New Roman Star"qovy (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qovy, qovuq (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kovuk, gavyk (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"qovuq (AH)
face="Times New Roman Star"quaq (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"Govaq, Govuq, Govalc?, Govuzface="Times New Roman Star"xax

















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 273, TMN 3, 415, ÝÑÒß 6, 5-6.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kutuface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"group of peopleface="Times New Roman Star"ãðóïïà ëþäåé
face="Times New Roman Star"qutu (KB)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 596.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kon|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 thick part of the thigh; muscles 2 behind, buttocksface="Times New Roman Star"1 òîëñòàÿ ÷àñòü áåäðà; ìûøöû, ìóñêóëû 2 çàä
face="Times New Roman Star"qon| (MK) 1



face="Times New Roman Star"qon| 2face="Times New Roman Star"qon|yr, qon|qyr 2






face="Times New Roman Star"kun| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qon| 'animal body'
face="Times New Roman Star"qon| 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"qon| 1, 2




face="Times New Roman Star"qon| 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 280, Clark 1977, 149, ÝÑÒß 6, 58-59. Turk. > Mong. Khalkha xongo, Kalm. xon| (although -o in the Khalkha form is suspicious and perhaps reflects a genuinely cognate PM *kon|go).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"keface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"a big snakeface="Times New Roman Star"áîëüøàÿ çìåÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"bo"ke (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 180, EDT 324. Clauson doubts MK's derivation of bo"ke 'warrior' from 'big snake' (MK quotes a folk-tale about the snake with seven heads called bo"ke, and says that the warriors are called by it); but external evidence rather supports Kashgari's point of view. If this is the case, MMong. bo"ko" 'warrior, wrestler' (whence Evk. buku etc., see Doerfer MT 235) must be a Turkic loanword (see EDT ibid.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bukaguface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"fetters, chain, stringface="Times New Roman Star"ïóòû, öåïü, âåðåâêàface="Times New Roman Star"buqag|u (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"buqag|u (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bukag|yface="Times New Roman Star"bog|awface="Times New Roman Star"buqag|u, buqaw (Sangl., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"bu.g|o|w

face="Times New Roman Star"buxovface="Times New Roman Star"buqaw



face="Times New Roman Star"púw|g|av 'iron manacles'face="Times New Roman Star"baka:jy (?)


face="Times New Roman Star"bog|ooface="Times New Roman Star"bug|awface="Times New Roman Star"bug|awface="Times New Roman Star"byg|awface="Times New Roman Star"bug|owface="Times New Roman Star"buqaa, byqaaface="Times New Roman Star"buqov, bug|uwface="Times New Roman Star"bug|aw
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|awface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 314, VEWT 87, ÝÑÒß 2, 248-250, Åãîðîâ 152, TMN 2, 277-278. Turk. > Mong., cf. MMong. buxa'u (SH) id., see TMN ibid., Ùåðáàê 1997, 108. Yak. baka:ji with irregular -a- and -k- may reflect some interdialectal loan. Turk. > Hung. be/ko/ (Gombocz 1912).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:l/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to be bad-tempered, irritableface="Times New Roman Star"áûòü ðàçäðàæèòåëüíûì, èìåòü ïëîõîé õàðàêòåð, ñåðäèòüñÿ, âîçáóæäàòüñÿface="Times New Roman Star"bus?- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bus?- (MK, KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"pos?-face="Times New Roman Star"bus?- (Abush., Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"pus?-

face="Times New Roman Star"bu:s?-la- 'to be the first to communicate good news'face="Times New Roman Star"puzux- 'to be sad', puzu-r-a- 'to be inflamed'


face="Times New Roman Star"púz?ú-r-g|an- 'to be anxious, sad'

face="Times New Roman Star"buz?urg|an- 'to be anxious, angry'
face="Times New Roman Star"bys?-

face="Times New Roman Star"bos?-face="Times New Roman Star"bus?uw 'sadness'face="Times New Roman Star"bu:s?-face="Times New Roman Star"bus?urg|an- 'to argue, be disgusted'

face="Times New Roman Star"bus?-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 377, ÝÑÒß 2, 284-285, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 96, Åãîðîâ 152, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 410. The devoicing in a number of Kypch. languages may be caused by the influence of a Persian loan pus?man, pus?ajman 'remorse, regret' (Ãàôôàðîâ 1, 97).
face="Times New Roman Star"*kegejface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"spokeface="Times New Roman Star"ñïèöà êîëåñà


face="Times New Roman Star"kigiface="Times New Roman Star"kega"j (Vam.)face="Times New Roman Star"kega"jface="Times New Roman Star"gu"ga"

face="Times New Roman Star"kegej, keje, kije (dial.)








face="Times New Roman Star"kegej (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"kegejface="Times New Roman Star"kegej
face="Times New Roman Star"kegej

face="Times New Roman Star"kegej
face="Times New Roman Star"gegejface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 17.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"k-tel-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"matureface="Times New Roman Star"çðåëûé
face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ktel (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 325.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jub-gaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"bastard, adopted sonface="Times New Roman Star"âíåáðà÷íûé, ïðèåìíûé ñûí
face="Times New Roman Star"juvg|a (MK, KB)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 874, VEWT 209 (erroneously united with juvqa 'soft, weak').
face="Times New Roman Star"*jyrface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"songface="Times New Roman Star"ïåñíÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"jyr (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jyrface="Times New Roman Star"z?|yrface="Times New Roman Star"jyr (R.)face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ir
face="Times New Roman Star"jyr, jerface="Times New Roman Star"jyr (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"jyr (dial.)








face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yrface="Times New Roman Star"z?yrface="Times New Roman Star"jyrface="Times New Roman Star"jyrface="Times New Roman Star"zyr, z?|yr, z?yr
face="Times New Roman Star"jyr, irface="Times New Roman Star"z?yrface="Times New Roman Star"ju"rface="Times New Roman Star"jyrface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 192, VEWT 201, ÝÑÒß 4, 285, TMN 4, 233. The root should be distinguished from *yr (v. sub *i/ru), although actively contaminating.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jargunface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"some kind of wild quadrupedface="Times New Roman Star"âèä äèêîãî ÷åòâåðîíîãîãîface="Times New Roman Star"jarg|un (Orkh., OUygh.-YB)








face="Times New Roman Star"c?arg|yn '2-year-old bear-cub' (Áîðã.)





face="Times New Roman Star"c?ary 'a producent reindeer'
face="Times New Roman Star"jarg|yn 'a mongrel of a yak and cow'








face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 963.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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