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face="Times New Roman Star"*bile-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to sharpen 2 whetstoneface="Times New Roman Star"1 òî÷èòü 2 òî÷èëüíûé êàìåíü
face="Times New Roman Star"bile- (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"bile- 1face="Times New Roman Star"bele|w 2face="Times New Roman Star"bile- 1,bilew 2 (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"bila"- (Jarr.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"bu"lo"v, bilo"v 2face="Times New Roman Star"bilev 2face="Times New Roman Star"p@lo" 2 (R)face="Times New Roman Star"pile 2face="Times New Roman Star"bilu" 2
face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|lev 2

face="Times New Roman Star"bili- (Castr.- Soj.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"bu"lo" 2face="Times New Roman Star"bilew 2face="Times New Roman Star"bilew 2face="Times New Roman Star"bela"w 2face="Times New Roman Star"bile- 1, bilew 2face="Times New Roman Star"bile- 1, bila" 2face="Times New Roman Star"bile- 1, bu"lew 2

face="Times New Roman Star"bile- 1, bilew 2face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 142-143, EDT 332-333 (< *bi 'blade', denom. - but Turkm. shortness contradicts this derivation). Turk. *bile-gu" > Mong. *bile-g|u" id., see Ùåðáàê 1997, 106.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu":n- (/*bi:n-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to ride on, to mount, to rizeface="Times New Roman Star"åõàòü âåðõîìface="Times New Roman Star"bin- (Orkh.), mu"n- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"mu"n- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"bin-face="Times New Roman Star"men-face="Times New Roman Star"min- (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"mu"n-; mi:n- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"mu"n-face="Times New Roman Star"mu"n-face="Times New Roman Star"min-
face="Times New Roman Star"minder 'pillow'face="Times New Roman Star"mi:n-face="Times New Roman Star"mi:n-face="Times New Roman Star"mun-face="Times New Roman Star"mun-face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"men-face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"pin-face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"min-, mim-, min|- (ÑÑß)face="Times New Roman Star"min-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 338, TMN 4, 34, EDT 348, ÝÑÒß 7, Stachowski 180. Shortness in Turkm. is not clear. On the derivative *bin-ig- > *binge-l/- 'to ride behind someone else on the same horse' see EDT 771, Stachowski 178. Chuv. minder may be < Kypch., cf. Turk., Gag., Turkm., Nogh. minder, Kum. minnir, Tat., Bashk. menda"r - see Ôåäîòîâ 1, 359.
face="Times New Roman Star"*byn|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"thousandface="Times New Roman Star"òûñÿ÷àface="Times New Roman Star"byn|, bin| (Orkh., OUygh.), min|(OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"min| (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"binface="Times New Roman Star"men|face="Times New Roman Star"min| (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"men|face="Times New Roman Star"minface="Times New Roman Star"mu"n|face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"pinface="Times New Roman Star"mun|
face="Times New Roman Star"mun|
face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"myn|face="Times New Roman Star"min|, myn|face="Times New Roman Star"men|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"binface="Times New Roman Star"minface="Times New Roman Star"myn|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star" VEWT 76, MNT 4, 1742, EDT 347-347, Ëåêñèêà 574. Cannot be < Chin. (see Clauson 1964, 24-25).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bytface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"louseface="Times New Roman Star"âîøüface="Times New Roman Star"bit (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bit (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bitface="Times New Roman Star"betface="Times New Roman Star"bit (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"bitface="Times New Roman Star"pitface="Times New Roman Star"bys?tface="Times New Roman Star"bitface="Times New Roman Star"bitface="Times New Roman Star"p@tface="Times New Roman Star"pitface="Times New Roman Star"bijtface="Times New Roman Star"bitface="Times New Roman Star"pyjdúface="Times New Roman Star"byt
face="Times New Roman Star"by'tface="Times New Roman Star"by'tface="Times New Roman Star"bitface="Times New Roman Star"bi_tface="Times New Roman Star"bijtface="Times New Roman Star"betface="Times New Roman Star"bitface="Times New Roman Star"bit/ face="Times New Roman Star"bitface="Times New Roman Star"bijtface="Times New Roman Star"bis?tface="Times New Roman Star"bitface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 76, EDT 296, ÝÑÒß 2, 151-152, Ëåêñèêà 182.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"t-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to end, accomplish 2 to be ended 3 to create, build 4 to heal 5 to grow, ripenface="Times New Roman Star"1 êîí÷àòü, çàâåðøàòü 2 êîí÷àòüñÿ 3 ñîçäàâàòü, ñòðîèòü 4 çàæèâàòü 5 âûðàñòàòü, âûçðåâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5face="Times New Roman Star"bet- 2, bet-e|s?- 4face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2face="Times New Roman Star"pyt-, put- 1,2face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5face="Times New Roman Star"pu"t- 3, 4face="Times New Roman Star"pu"d-u"r- 3face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1, 4, 5face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|t- 2face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1,2, 4face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'t- 2, 4face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'t- 2face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1,2, 4, 5face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5face="Times New Roman Star"bo"t- 2, bo"t-o"s?- 4face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5; 'to close'face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5face="Times New Roman Star"pit- 2, 4, 5
face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 93, TMN 2, 267, EDT 298-9, 306, ÝÑÒß 2, 152-154, 302-303, Stachowski 68. Cf. also PT *bu"tu"n 'all, whole' - a derivative from *bu"t-. Turk. > Mong. *bu"te-, *bu"tu"- (KW 69-70, TMN 2, 268-269, Ùåðáàê 1997, 111).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bin/r/ (*bin|r/)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"awlface="Times New Roman Star"øèëî

face="Times New Roman Star"bizface="Times New Roman Star"bezface="Times New Roman Star"biz (MA), bigiz (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"bigizface="Times New Roman Star"bizface="Times New Roman Star"pyz-, puz-face="Times New Roman Star"bizface="Times New Roman Star"bijz/bi:zface="Times New Roman Star"p@sface="Times New Roman Star"pisface="Times New Roman Star"mis



face="Times New Roman Star"bisface="Times New Roman Star"bisface="Times New Roman Star"mizface="Times New Roman Star"biz, dial. bigizface="Times New Roman Star"bizface="Times New Roman Star"bed|face="Times New Roman Star"miz
face="Times New Roman Star"bizface="Times New Roman Star"biz
face="Times New Roman Star"bizface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 75, ÝÑÒß 2, 130-131, TMN 2, 311. The Chag. form bigiz is quite strange: perhaps it is a result of denasalization of *bin|iz < *bin|r/ (this would then suggest a velar nasal in the root).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:kaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"bullface="Times New Roman Star"áûêface="Times New Roman Star"buqa (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"buqa (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"boaface="Times New Roman Star"bug|a (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"bug|a (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"buqaface="Times New Roman Star"bug|a, buqaface="Times New Roman Star"puqaface="Times New Roman Star"buGaface="Times New Roman Star"buGaface="Times New Roman Star"pug|aface="Times New Roman Star"pug|aface="Times New Roman Star"buqa

face="Times New Roman Star"buga
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|aface="Times New Roman Star"buxaface="Times New Roman Star"buqaface="Times New Roman Star"buqaface="Times New Roman Star"bug|aface="Times New Roman Star"bug|aface="Times New Roman Star"bug|aface="Times New Roman Star"bug|a, buaface="Times New Roman Star"bug|aface="Times New Roman Star"bug|a
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|aface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 87, EDT 312, ÝÑÒß 2, 230-232, Sinor 1962, 320-321, Ëåêñèêà 437. Turk. > Mong. buqa (see TMN 2, 299, Ùåðáàê 1997, 110), whence Evk. buka etc. (see TMN ibid., Poppe 1966, 194, Doerfer MT 99). Turk. > Hung. bika, see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bun-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to become mad, foolish 2 mad, crazy 3 to become old, senileface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñõîäèòü ñ óìà, ãëóïåòü 2 ñóìàñøåäøèé, ñëàáîóìíûé 3 äðÿõëåòüface="Times New Roman Star"mun- 1, mun|qul 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"mun- 1, munduz 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"buna- 1





face="Times New Roman Star"mun- 3face="Times New Roman Star"munu- 3



face="Times New Roman Star"mun- 'to go astray'face="Times New Roman Star"mun- 'go astray, lose one's way'face="Times New Roman Star"mun|g|aq 'resentful', myny- 3 (Todz?.), mun| dial. 2 (< *mun-k?)





face="Times New Roman Star"bun- 'to be tired, dissatisfied', bunaq 'senile person'face="Times New Roman Star"buna- 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"munax 'irrational' (ÑÑß)
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 514, EDT 348, 768, 769, ÎÑÍß 3, 53, Stachowski 181.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bun|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"sufferingface="Times New Roman Star"ìó÷åíèå, ñòðàäàíèåface="Times New Roman Star"bun| (Orkh.), mun| (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"mun| (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bunface="Times New Roman Star"mon|face="Times New Roman Star"mun| (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"mun|

face="Times New Roman Star"mun|-ly 'sorrowful' (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"mun|

face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"mun|
face="Times New Roman Star"mun|
face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"mon|
face="Times New Roman Star"bun
face="Times New Roman Star"mun|
face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 344, EDT 347, ÎÑÍß 2, 73, ÝÑÒß 7, Stachowski 182.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bur(a)-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to twist, wind roundface="Times New Roman Star"êðóòèòü, âåðòåòü, ïîâîðà÷èâàòü

face="Times New Roman Star"bur-face="Times New Roman Star"bor-face="Times New Roman Star"bur- (Sangl., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura-face="Times New Roman Star"bur-
face="Times New Roman Star"bur-face="Times New Roman Star"bur-face="Times New Roman Star"pur-face="Times New Roman Star"pur-face="Times New Roman Star"buru-face="Times New Roman Star"burq- 'âûâåðíóòü ðóêó'face="Times New Roman Star"púw|r-



face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura-face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura-face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura-face="Times New Roman Star"bor-face="Times New Roman Star"bur-face="Times New Roman Star"bur-face="Times New Roman Star"bur-face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura-
face="Times New Roman Star"bur-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 89, EDT 355, ÝÑÒß 2, 264-267. Turk. *bur(g)agu > Kalm. burg|u:, see KW 62.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:tface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 thigh 2 leg, footface="Times New Roman Star"1 áåäðî 2 íîãàface="Times New Roman Star"but (OUygh.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"but (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"but 1face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1face="Times New Roman Star"but (Abush., Sangl.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"but 'groin'face="Times New Roman Star"put 2face="Times New Roman Star"put 2face="Times New Roman Star"bud 1face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1face="Times New Roman Star"put 1
face="Times New Roman Star"but 2face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1
face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1face="Times New Roman Star"but 2face="Times New Roman Star"but 2face="Times New Roman Star"but 2face="Times New Roman Star"but 1face="Times New Roman Star"but 1face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1face="Times New Roman Star"but 2face="Times New Roman Star"but 1face="Times New Roman Star"but 1face="Times New Roman Star"put 1
face="Times New Roman Star"but 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 297, ÝÑÒß 2, 280-281, Ëåêñèêà 282, Stachowski 67.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu(-n)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"thisface="Times New Roman Star"ýòîòface="Times New Roman Star"bu, bun- (Orkh.), bu, mun- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mun- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"bu, mun- (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"puface="Times New Roman Star"puface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"bo
face="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"bu (mun-)face="Times New Roman Star"boface="Times New Roman Star"boface="Times New Roman Star"bu(l)face="Times New Roman Star"bu-lface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"by-lface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"bu, muface="Times New Roman Star"bu-lface="Times New Roman Star"bu, vuface="Times New Roman Star"buface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 85, EDT 291-292, ÝÑÒß 2, 225-228, Stachowski 63.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:gface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"steam, fogface="Times New Roman Star"ïàð, òóìàí
face="Times New Roman Star"bu (MK, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"bu 'aroma' (poet.), bug|u 'steam'face="Times New Roman Star"bu, bu-la-n- 'to vaporize'face="Times New Roman Star"bug| (Sangl., Pav. C.), mug| (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"bug|, bug|-la- 'to steam'face="Times New Roman Star"bug|
face="Times New Roman Star"buGface="Times New Roman Star"bu:G

face="Times New Roman Star"buu
face="Times New Roman Star"púw|v



face="Times New Roman Star"bu:face="Times New Roman Star"buw; buw-la- 'to steam', bu-la- 'to treat with steam (medically)'face="Times New Roman Star"buw; buwaldyr 'hoar-frost'face="Times New Roman Star"bywface="Times New Roman Star"buwaq 'hoar-frost'face="Times New Roman Star"bu:face="Times New Roman Star"buvface="Times New Roman Star"puw
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|aq 'hoar-frost'face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 292, VEWT 86, ÝÑÒß 2, 229-230, Ëåêñèêà 37. The behaviour of final -g after a long vowel is probably regular (although this combination is rather rare). Turk. > MMong. bug| (ÀÔÌ) 'steam' (Ùåðáàê 1997, 163).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:(n)r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"iceface="Times New Roman Star"ëåä
face="Times New Roman Star"buz (MK, KB, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"buzface="Times New Roman Star"bozface="Times New Roman Star"buz, muz (Abush., MA, Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"muzface="Times New Roman Star"muzface="Times New Roman Star"pyzface="Times New Roman Star"buzface="Times New Roman Star"bu:zface="Times New Roman Star"pusface="Times New Roman Star"mus
face="Times New Roman Star"buza"kface="Times New Roman Star"púw|rface="Times New Roman Star"mu:s, bu:sface="Times New Roman Star"bu:s

face="Times New Roman Star"muzface="Times New Roman Star"muzface="Times New Roman Star"buzface="Times New Roman Star"bod|face="Times New Roman Star"buzface="Times New Roman Star"buzface="Times New Roman Star"buzface="Times New Roman Star"muzface="Times New Roman Star"muzface="Times New Roman Star"buzface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 91, EDT 389, ÝÑÒß 2, 238-239, Ëåêñèêà 17-18, TMN 2, 336, Stachowski 67.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ta:mface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 roof 2 wall 3 hutface="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûøà 2 ñòåíà 3 õèáàðàface="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (MK), 1 (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"dam 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (ÊÑÒÒ)face="Times New Roman Star"tam 1 (Abush.), 2 (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"to|m 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2face="Times New Roman Star"dam 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"ta:m 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'layer (of earth)'

face="Times New Roman Star"da:%m 1 ( < Ogh.)




face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'dug-out, grave'face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2

face="Times New Roman Star"dam 'shed, barn'
face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'hut'face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 459 (the root has an irregular *t-/*d- variation), Ëåêñèêà 529. TMN 2, No 834. Turk. > Bao. dem 'wall'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*damface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 drop 2 to dropface="Times New Roman Star"1 êàïëÿ 2 êàïàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"dam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tam 1 (Abush.), tam- 2 (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"to|m-face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"dam- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tom-la- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tammax 1
face="Times New Roman Star"dam-dy 1face="Times New Roman Star"tam-dy 1face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"dam-na 1face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 459, EDT 503, ÝÑÒß 3, 139-140, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 245. There is also a variant *dym 'wetness' (ÝÑÒß 3, 294).
face="Times New Roman Star"*dyn|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 very, strongly 2 strong, powerful 3 healthy 4 power 5 compact, dense (of earth) 6 to become strong 7 virgin soilface="Times New Roman Star"1 î÷åíü, ñèëüíî, ÷ðåçâû÷àéíî 2 êðåïêèé, ñèëüíûé, ìîùíûé 3 çäîðîâûé 4 ñèëà, ìî÷ü 5 çàëåæíûé, ïëîòíûé (î çåìëå) 6 îêðåïíóòü 7 öåëèíàface="Times New Roman Star"tin| u"rki 'recent' (OUygh. - ÄÒÑ)
face="Times New Roman Star"din 1, dinc? 2, 3

face="Times New Roman Star"tin-ka 4, tin| 5face="Times New Roman Star"tin| 5

face="Times New Roman Star"din| 1, din|e 'only'face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"túnk 'crammed, stuffed'face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2face="Times New Roman Star"dyn| 1, dyn|zyg| 2face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|zy- 6face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2, tyn|- 6face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2, 7, tyn|-aj- 6


face="Times New Roman Star"dinc? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 7
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 7face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, Stachowski 238. Turk. > WMong. c?in|, c?in|g|a (KW 437, 441), whence Nan. c?i.n|qi. et al. (ÒÌÑ 2, 397). Derivatives with the meaning 'healthy' in ÝÑÒß 3, 344-345 are erroneously attributed to dyn- 'rest'; Yak. tyn|, dyn| 'strained, tense' belongs not here (despite VEWT, but to tyn|- 'pull, stretch').
face="Times New Roman Star"*du":pface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"bottom; rootface="Times New Roman Star"äíî; îñíîâàíèå; êîðåíüface="Times New Roman Star"tu"p (tu"b) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p (tu"b) (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"dipface="Times New Roman Star"tu">pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"b (Pav. C.), tu"p (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"tubface="Times New Roman Star"tu"pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"p, topface="Times New Roman Star"dibface="Times New Roman Star"du":pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"p
face="Times New Roman Star"t@pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"gex (?)face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gek (?)face="Times New Roman Star"du"pface="Times New Roman Star"du"pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"pface="Times New Roman Star"tu">p
face="Times New Roman Star"dipface="Times New Roman Star"tu"pface="Times New Roman Star"tu"p
face="Times New Roman Star"tubface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 434-435, VEWT 505, ÝÑÒß 3, 317-319, TMN 2, 652-654 ( > Mong. tu"b, to"b), Ëåêñèêà 108-109, Stachowski 234.
face="Times New Roman Star"*di:re-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to support 2 supportface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîäïåðåòü 2 ïîäïîðêàface="Times New Roman Star"tirek 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tire- 1 (MK), tirek 2 (Tefs., IM)face="Times New Roman Star"dire- 1, direk 2face="Times New Roman Star"tera"- 1, tera"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"tire- 1, tirek 2 (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"tira- 1, tirak 2face="Times New Roman Star"tira"k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dira"- 1, dira"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"di:re- 1, di:rek 2face="Times New Roman Star"t@re- 1, t@reg 2


face="Times New Roman Star"c?arak 2face="Times New Roman Star"tira":-, tirex 2


face="Times New Roman Star"tire- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tire- 1, tirek 2face="Times New Roman Star"tire- 1, tirew 2face="Times New Roman Star"tera"- 1, tera"k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"direk 2face="Times New Roman Star"direk 2face="Times New Roman Star"tire- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tir@k 2 (Kakuk)face="Times New Roman Star"tire- 1, tirew 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 481, EDT 533, 543, TMN 2, 655, ÝÑÒß 3, 237-239, Åãîðîâ 317, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 392.
face="Times New Roman Star"*don|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 cold 2 frost 3 frozen 4 freeze, be frozenface="Times New Roman Star"1 õîëîäíûé 2 ìîðîç 3 çàìåðçøèé 4 çàìåðçàòüface="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ton| 2, 3 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"don 2face="Times New Roman Star"tun| 2face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4 (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4, ton| 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tot 1face="Times New Roman Star"don 2, don- 4face="Times New Roman Star"don| 3, don|- 4face="Times New Roman Star"to:-r- 4


face="Times New Roman Star"túw|m 2 'frost'face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4, ton| 3face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4, ton| 3face="Times New Roman Star"don| 3, don|- 4face="Times New Roman Star"don| 3, don|- 4face="Times New Roman Star"ton| 2, ton|- 4








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 488, EDT 513, 515, ÝÑÒß 3, 265-267, Ëåêñèêà 17, Stachowski 226.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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