Turkic etymology : Query result

▴ Proto-Turkic

▴ Altaic etymology

▴ Meaning

▴ Russian meaning

▴ Old Turkic

▴ Karakhanid

▴ Turkish

▴ Tatar

▴ Middle Turkic

▴ Uzbek

▴ Uighur

▴ Sary-Yughur

▴ Azerbaidzhan

▴ Turkmen

▴ Khakassian

▴ Shor

▴ Oyrat

▴ Halaj

▴ Chuvash

▴ Yakut

▴ Dolgan

▴ Tuva

▴ Tofalar

▴ Kirghiz

▴ Kazakh

▴ Noghai

▴ Bashkir

▴ Balkar

▴ Gagauz

▴ Karaim

▴ Karakalpak

▴ Salar

▴ Kumyk

▴ Comments

face="Times New Roman Star"*siar/

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"marsh, dirt

face="Times New Roman Star"болото, грязь

face="Times New Roman Star"saz

face="Times New Roman Star"saz (Houts.)

face="Times New Roman Star"so|z

face="Times New Roman Star"saz

face="Times New Roman Star"sas

face="Times New Roman Star"s?or(ъ)

face="Times New Roman Star"saz

face="Times New Roman Star"had|

face="Times New Roman Star"It is not quite clear whether the Oghuz name for 'reed' (Tur. saz, Turkm., Gag. sa:z, see Лексика 135, ЭСТЯ 7) and 'swamp' as 'reed growth' (Tur. sazlyk, Turkm. sa:zlyq) belongs here, too, or else reflect a different root. In the former case one should prefer the reconstruction *sia:r/. See VEWT 406, TMN 3, 222, Лексика 93, ЭСТЯ 7, Федотов 2, 462. Bulg. > Hung. sa/r 'dirt', see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 487-488.

face="Times New Roman Star"*a>m-

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 gentle, quiet 2 to love, desire, rejoice 3 politeness 4 beloved 5 to be quiet

face="Times New Roman Star"1 тихий, спокойный 2 любить, радоваться 3 вежливость 4 милый, любимый 5 быть спокойным

face="Times New Roman Star"amul, amyl 1, amraq 4, amyr-, amran- 2, amryl- 5 (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"amul 1, amraq 4, amyrt- 'to calm', amryl- 5 (MK, KB)

face="Times New Roman Star"ymyl, umul 1 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ymrag| 4

face="Times New Roman Star"amraq 4

face="Times New Roman Star"amyr 1, amyra- 5

face="Times New Roman Star"havul 'good' (?)

face="Times New Roman Star"ъw|mъw|r 'quiet and grey (weather)'

face="Times New Roman Star"amarax, amyrax 'compassionate'

face="Times New Roman Star"amarak 'compassionate'

face="Times New Roman Star"amyr 1, amyra- 2, amyraq 3

face="Times New Roman Star"amyz 'honour'

face="Times New Roman Star"amyr 'desire'

face="Times New Roman Star"amraq 'disposition, aptitude'

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 160-161, 162-163, 164, VEWT 19, ЭСТЯ 1, 59-60 (confused with abra- 'to save' < Mong.), Stachowski 33, TMN 2, 125, Федотов 1, 82. Turk. > MMong. amrax| 'sweetheart', amurag| 'friend' (IM), amraq bol- 'to fall in love' (MA), amara- 'sich lieben', amarah 'Liebe' (SH), Mgr amurag| 'friend' (Тод. Мгр. 314) etc.; but modern Kypchak and Siberian forms may be reborrowed < Mong.

face="Times New Roman Star"*kele-

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 to speak 2 talk, conversation

face="Times New Roman Star"1 говорить 2 речь, слово

face="Times New Roman Star"kele-c?u" 2

face="Times New Roman Star"dial. kelez?|i 2

face="Times New Roman Star"kelec?i 2 (Houts.), kelec?e 2 (MA)

face="Times New Roman Star"kala- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"kelec?-so"z 2

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248, ЭСТЯ 5, 32-33, EDT 716 (Clauson considers the word to be a foreign loan which is dubious, see Clark 1977, 136-138). It is also worth mentioning Tur. kelime, Az. ka"lma" 'word', Turkm. keleme 'sacred words of Qur'an pronounced for protection' - usually regarded as Arabisms, but with some peculiarities (front vocalism, final -e) that could actually indicate Turkic origin, with a secondary merger with the Arabic loan.

face="Times New Roman Star"*a>c?aj / *e>c?ej

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 old man or woman 2 mother 3 grandmother 4 sister (of woman) 5 mother (if the grandmother is still alive) 5 mother (addr. to an elder woman) 6 aunt, sister of father 7 elder brother 8 uncle 9 ancestor 10 Father! (to the God) 11 old man, elder man 12 husband 13 younger brother of father's father 14 grandfather 15 father

face="Times New Roman Star"1 старый мужчина или женщина 2 мать 3 бабушка 4 сестра (женщины) 5 мать (при живой бабушке) 5 мать (обр. к пожилой женщине) 6 тетя, сестра отца 7 старший брат 8 дядя 9 предок 10 Отче! (обр. к Богу) 11 старик, пожилой человек 12 муж 13 младший брат деда 14 дед 15 отец

face="Times New Roman Star"ec?i 7, 8 (Orkh.), ec?u" 9 (Orkh., OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ec?i 1 (MK), ec?u" 10 (KB)

face="Times New Roman Star"az?|u (dial.), ez?|e 11

face="Times New Roman Star"az?|a, az?|i, e|z?|i 5 (dial., ТТДС 22, 551), azyj, e|zi 11, 15 (dial., ТТДС 23, 540)

face="Times New Roman Star"o|c?a, ac?a 2, 3

face="Times New Roman Star"ac?a 6

face="Times New Roman Star"ac?y 4, ac?a 12, 15

face="Times New Roman Star"az?|a 7, 8

face="Times New Roman Star"ac?a 7, 8

face="Times New Roman Star"Leb. az?|y, az?|a 7, ac?a 13

face="Times New Roman Star"az/a 15

face="Times New Roman Star"ehe 14

face="Times New Roman Star"ac?a 15

face="Times New Roman Star"as?'a, az?|a 7, 15

face="Times New Roman Star"ac?aj 5, az?|a 11

face="Times New Roman Star"a"sa" 2

face="Times New Roman Star"az?|aj 5, ec?iw 6

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 35, ЭСТЯ 1, 231-235, TMN 2, 15, Егоров 35, Лексика 299, Clark 1977, 128, Stachowski 43. Shortness is suggested by pharyngealization in Tofalar, so the variants with -z?|- are probably due to expressive gemination (*ac?c?V / *ec?c?V).

face="Times New Roman Star"*eke

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"elder sister

face="Times New Roman Star"старшая сестра

face="Times New Roman Star"eke (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"eke (MK); ege-t 'female servant of bride' (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"ekez?|i

face="Times New Roman Star"akka

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 38, ЭСТЯ 1, 222-224, TMN 1, 190, 2, 91-92, EDT 100, 102, Егоров 23.

face="Times New Roman Star"*Kor(a)-

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 to diminish , decrease 2 harm, loss

face="Times New Roman Star"1 уменьшаться, убывать 2 вред, убыток

face="Times New Roman Star"qora- 1, qor 2 (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"qora- 1, qor 2 (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"xora- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"qor 2, qoro- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"xor 'insult, offence, grief'

face="Times New Roman Star"qor 2, qoron- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"xor 2

face="Times New Roman Star"qoro- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"qora- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 641-642, 645-646, ЭСТЯ 6, 73-74, Федотов 2, 369. On a possible Mong. loanword (qowr 'loss, damage') see under *ka\bro; modern Siberian nouns may be actually backloans from Mong.

face="Times New Roman Star"*jaka

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"collar; edge

face="Times New Roman Star"воротник; край

face="Times New Roman Star"jaqa (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"jaqa (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"jaka

face="Times New Roman Star"jaqa

face="Times New Roman Star"jaqa (Pav. C., Ettuhf.)

face="Times New Roman Star"jo|qa

face="Times New Roman Star"jaqa

face="Times New Roman Star"jaxa

face="Times New Roman Star"jaqa

face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|a

face="Times New Roman Star"d/aqa

face="Times New Roman Star"jaqa

face="Times New Roman Star"s/og|a

face="Times New Roman Star"sag|a

face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|a (Рас. ФиЛ)

face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aqa

face="Times New Roman Star"jag|a

face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ag|a, z?ag|a

face="Times New Roman Star"jaxa

face="Times New Roman Star"jag|a

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 180, 82-83, EDT 898, ЭСТЯ 4, 82-84, Федотов 2, 146-147. Turk. > WMong. z?|aqa, z?|iqa, Kalm. zax@ (KW 463-464; TMN 4, 103-104, Щербак 1997, 122), whence Evk. z?|aka (Doerfer MT 125).

face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"t-

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 to believe 2 sign, token

face="Times New Roman Star"1 верить 2 знак

face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1 (MK, KB)

face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1 (Pav. C.)

face="Times New Roman Star"pu"t- 1 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"pu"t- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"bit 2

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 93, EDT 298-299 (together with bu"t- 'finish'), ЭСТЯ 2, 279-280.

face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"n

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"people

face="Times New Roman Star"народ

face="Times New Roman Star"elgu"n (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"el ku"n (KB)

face="Times New Roman Star"elgu"n (Osm. XIV c.)

face="Times New Roman Star"el wa ku"n (Sangl.), elgu"n (Pav. C.), elgu"n (Oghuz-nama), elgu"n 'goverment, realm' (Ettuhf.)

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 309, TMN 3,656-7, Лексика 317, EDT 121-122, 725-726 (with doubts).

face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.r-yn

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 morning 2 tomorrow 3 next year

face="Times New Roman Star"1 утро 2 завтра 3 следующий год

face="Times New Roman Star"jaryn 1 (Orkh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"jaryn 2 (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"jaryn 2

face="Times New Roman Star"jaryn 1, 2 (Ettuhf.)

face="Times New Roman Star"jaryn 3 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"jaryn 3

face="Times New Roman Star"yran 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sarsyn 1

face="Times New Roman Star"harsyn 1

face="Times New Roman Star"jaryn 3 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ja:ryn 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"z?aryn 3

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 970, VEWT 190, ЭСТЯ 4, 147-148, Егоров 343, Лексика 80, Stachowski 97. Ra"sa"nen derives the stem from *jar- 'to shine, glitter', but this is dubious both for phonetic reasons (OT has jaru- 'to shine', but jaryn 'morning') and because of external evidence.

face="Times New Roman Star"*sar(y)

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 bird of prey, kite 2 a k. of falcon 3 starling 4 siskin

face="Times New Roman Star"1 хищная птица, коршун 2 сарыч 3 скворец 4 чиж

face="Times New Roman Star"sary-z?|a 4

face="Times New Roman Star"saryc? 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sar, saric?a 1 (Pav. C.)

face="Times New Roman Star"so|r 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sa(r) 1

face="Times New Roman Star"sar 1

face="Times New Roman Star"sar 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sar 3

face="Times New Roman Star"sary 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sary 1

face="Times New Roman Star"har 2

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 402b, Лексика 170, ЭСТЯ 7.

face="Times New Roman Star"*de.g-

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 to cost, to be worth 2 price 3 to change, exchange 4 allotment, portion 5 worth 6 change, exchange

face="Times New Roman Star"1 стоить, быть достойным 2 цена 3 изменять(ся), обмениваться 4 доля (причитающееся) 5 достойный, положенный 6 перемена, обмен

face="Times New Roman Star"teg-im 1, teg-im-lig 5, teg-ir 4 (OUygh.), teg-s?-il-, teg-s?-u"r- 3 (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"teg- 1 (MK - ДТС), teg-ir 4 (MK), teg-is? 5 (KB), 'given in exchange' (MK), teg-s?-u"t 'exchange price' (MK), teg-s?-u"r-u"l- 3 (KB)

face="Times New Roman Star"deg|- 1, dejer 2, deg|-im (dial.) 2, dejis? 6, dejis?- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"(Xwar.) deg- 1, (OKypch.) deg-ir 2, teg-is? 2 (Sangl.), teg-is?- 3 (Sangl.)

face="Times New Roman Star"tegis?- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"da"ja"r 2, da"jis?- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"deg- 1, degis?- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"tiv@s/ 'debt'

face="Times New Roman Star"di:s? 6, di:s?- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"tij- 1, degis?- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"tij- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 482, 485, 487, 488, ЭСТЯ 3, 181-182, 179-180, Лексика 338. Usually regarded as a development of *de.g- 'to touch, reach', which is somewhat dubious semantically; external parallels also seem to indicate that the two roots are originally distinct.

face="Times New Roman Star"*o":l

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 moist, wet 2 marsh

face="Times New Roman Star"1 влажный 2 болото

face="Times New Roman Star"o"l (Orkh., OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"o"l (MK, KB) 1

face="Times New Roman Star"o"l 1, Osm. o"l 'pool'

face="Times New Roman Star"o"l (Pav. C.) 2, (Sangl.) 1

face="Times New Roman Star"hu.l 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ho"l 'damp, moist'

face="Times New Roman Star"o":l, dial. ho":l 1

face="Times New Roman Star"o"l 1

face="Times New Roman Star"u":l 1

face="Times New Roman Star"u"l 1

face="Times New Roman Star"he:^.l, he:.l

face="Times New Roman Star"vil@ 1

face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"l 1

face="Times New Roman Star"o"l 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ho"l 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 371, Егоров 54, ЭСТЯ 1, 524-525, TMN 2, 161-2. The common Turk. derivative *o"len| (ЭСТЯ 1, 527-528, Лексика 119) means 'rich grass' (hence Chuv. valem; > MMong. olan|, olen| (SH), WMong. o"lu"n|, Kalm. o"ln|, see KW 295, TMN 2, 161, Щербак 1997, 165, 197).

face="Times New Roman Star"*eg-

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"to bend

face="Times New Roman Star"гнуть

face="Times New Roman Star"eg- (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"eg- (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"eg-

face="Times New Roman Star"a"j-, a"jri

face="Times New Roman Star"av-, aj-

face="Times New Roman Star"iex-

face="Times New Roman Star"iek-

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 99, VEWT 37, ЭСТЯ 1, 330-332, Егоров 19, Stachowski 122 (Yak. iex- < *eg-ik-).

face="Times New Roman Star"*e:.r-

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 to reach 2 to pass

face="Times New Roman Star"1 достигать 2 проходить мимо

face="Times New Roman Star"er- (OUygh.) 1, er-t- (OUygh.) 2

face="Times New Roman Star"eris?- (MK) 1

face="Times New Roman Star"er-, dial. e:r-, ir- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ires?- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"er- (Pav. C., AH) 1, ert- (CCum.) 2

face="Times New Roman Star"eris?- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"irt- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ert- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"dial. eris?- 1, ert- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.r- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"irt- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"irde:- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ires?- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"er- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"eris- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 288-289, 303, Федотов 1,172-173. Ra"sa"nen (VEWT 46) connects also PT *eril/- 'to contest, challenge' (ЭСТЯ 1, 293-294) - which, together with Mong. *eri- 'to seek, search' (HY ere- `to hope'), should be rather kept apart (possibly a separate PA root *erV). Turk. > Hung. e/r- 'to reach', see Gombocz 1912.

face="Times New Roman Star"*i:jn

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"hollow, pit, lair

face="Times New Roman Star"берлога, яма

face="Times New Roman Star"in (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"in, jin (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"hi:n

face="Times New Roman Star"hi:.n

face="Times New Roman Star"j@n@

face="Times New Roman Star"i:n

face="Times New Roman Star"ijin

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 166, VEWT 172, Егоров 79, Stachowski 131.

face="Times New Roman Star"*u":r/ (/*o":r/)

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"on top, high above

face="Times New Roman Star"наверху, высоко над

face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze / o"ze (Orkh., OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"u"zer 'upper part'

face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze (Pav. C., Бор. Бад.)

face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze, u"zi

face="Times New Roman Star"u"za"ri

face="Times New Roman Star"u"zeri

face="Times New Roman Star"vir (<*o">r/)

face="Times New Roman Star"u":he, u"o"he

face="Times New Roman Star"u"he, u"o"he

face="Times New Roman Star"A common Turkic derivative is *u"r/-t (with secondary vowel shortening): OT u"st, Turkm. u"st, Tat. o"s, Khal. ist etc. 'upper part'. See EDT 280-281, VEWT 523, 524, ЭСТЯ 1, 622-623, 638-639, Stachowski 249, 251, 255.

face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:j

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 summer 2 summer pasture 3 spring

face="Times New Roman Star"1 лето 2 летнее пастбище 3 весна

face="Times New Roman Star"jaj (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, 3

face="Times New Roman Star"jaj (MK) 1, 3

face="Times New Roman Star"jaj-la 2

face="Times New Roman Star"jaj 1 (AH, Ettuhf.)

face="Times New Roman Star"jaj 1

face="Times New Roman Star"jaj 1, jajla 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ja:j-la 2

face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 1

face="Times New Roman Star"jaj, d/aj 1

face="Times New Roman Star"s/u, s/ъv 1

face="Times New Roman Star"saj 1

face="Times New Roman Star"hajyn 1

face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 1

face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aj 1

face="Times New Roman Star"jaj 3 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"jej 1

face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aj, z?aj, zaj 1

face="Times New Roman Star"jij 1

face="Times New Roman Star"jaj 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 74, 78-79, EDT 980, Лексика 74, Федотов 2, 128, Stachowski 93.

face="Times New Roman Star"*do:tak

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"lip

face="Times New Roman Star"губа

face="Times New Roman Star"dudak

face="Times New Roman Star"dodaG

face="Times New Roman Star"do:daq

face="Times New Roman Star"toda, tuda

face="Times New Roman Star"dudaq

face="Times New Roman Star"totax, totyx

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 491, TMN 2, 603-604, ЭСТЯ 3, 251, Федотов 2, 256, Лексика 226.

face="Times New Roman Star"*si:k

face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology

face="Times New Roman Star"1 urine 2 to urinate

face="Times New Roman Star"1 моча 2 мочиться

face="Times New Roman Star"sid- 2 (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"sid|- 2 (MK)