Yenisseian etymology : Query result

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔan[ɨ]ŋ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to think

Ket: aniŋbɛt⁶ / ańbɛt^5,6 'think', anun⁶ 'mind'

Yug: anɨŋbɛt́⁶ 'think', anɨŋ⁵ 'mind'

Kottish: anaŋaj, pl. anaŋajaŋ "thinking, mind"; anaŋaja "clever"; anaŋajākŋ "think", praet. anaŋajolōkŋ, imp. anaŋajālćek; anaŋaithākŋ "think", praet. -tholōkŋ, imp. -thālćek, pass. -tholāʔuki; (Бол.) angajak "I think"

Arin: anɨpänun (Лоск.) "I think"

Comments: ССЕ 181. Werner 1, 38 *anǝŋ-.

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔapV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: hotness; sweat

Ket: ā; a:ŋ "hot"; a:ŋgǝt³ "to warm up"; (Кастр.) ābataʁan, (КРС) abataʁan "to sweat"

Yug: āp; āfɛ¹ "hot(ly)"; afɨŋ⁵ "hot"; afɨŋet́ "to warm up"; (Кастр.) abbat́aʁan "to sweat"

Kottish: fal, phal "hot, warm"; pala (Бол.) "hotness"; apīkŋ, pl. apīkŋán "sweat"; apīkŋ uganaŋ "to sweat"; Ass. palá (М., Кл.), pfóltu (Сл., Срсл.), paltu (Кл.) "hot"

Arin: pentu (Лоск.) "hotness"

Comments: ССЕ 182. The Pump. (Срсл.) form afam "hot" is in reality Yug. Kottish and Arin display a not quite regular reduction of Anlaut in the derivative *ʔapV-l "warm, hot". Ket, Yug and Kottish reflect a Common Yenisseian compound *ʔapV ʔǝqan- 'to sweat', lit. 'to boil hotness'. Werner 1, 92-93 *ap^hǝ.

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔapVj (~x-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bellows

Ket: āj (South.), North. āji³; plur. ājeŋ¹

Yug: āfej¹ / afe:j³, pl. āfejeŋ¹

Kottish: afu 'forging', afu-het 'smith', afu-ākŋ 'to forge'

Comments: ССЕ 182. Medial -f- in Kottish is not quite clear (-p- would be expected); a special development in front of -u- cannot be excluded. Werner (1, 94) treats the word as a compound of *ʔapV 'hotness' + *ʔāχ- 'sack' (q.v.); this may be applicable (as a folk etymology) to the Ket and Yug forms, but cannot explain the Kottish form (something like *afak or *apak would be expected).

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔapVn- (~x-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to play

Ket: āniŋ¹; āneŋś¹, pl. -in¹ 'toy'

Yug: afɨnɨŋ⁶; afɨnɨŋsi⁶, pl. -n 'toy'

Comments: ССЕ 182. Werner 1, 95-96 *ap^hǝnǝŋ (but Kott. ajaŋ cannot be related in any way).

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔaq-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to flay

Ket: -iɣ-aq (Крейн.) "flay"

Kottish: thāx "flaying"; thāgākŋ "to flay", praet. thōnākŋ, imp. thānax, pass. thōnāge

Comments: ССЕ 182. Ket has a compound with с *ʔik 'skin' q. v. This component is also preseny in the infinitive (iŋ-dɔŋ⁵ < *ig-dɔŋ) and in Castren's recording: d-ig-ä-dū 'to flay' (praet. d-ig-ōr-dū) [supported by Werner's data, see Werner 1, 371]. See Werner 1, 370-371, 2, 316 (without reconstructions).

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔaq- ( ~ -χ-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: blueberry

Ket: áʁuś / áɣuś (Werner 1, 56).

Comments: Werner 1, 567 (treating as a compound aq 'rotten' + huʔś 'berry', which is extremely dubious).

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔaq- (~x-)

Meaning: leading strings

Ket: aqqǝĺ⁵ // aqqǝĺaŋ⁵, pl. aqqǝĺaŋɨn⁵

Comments: Probably a compound, but the components are not clear; see Werner 1, 51. Bouda 1957 compares Selk. ākal', akai id.

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔaq (~x-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to hold

Ket: ut-aq⁵ (Кастр.: *duosegaʁoat, praet. duosegoĺoʁat, imp. uosegabat)

Yug: ut-ax⁵ (Кастр.: duotebaq, -boq, praet. duoteberaq, -roq, imp. uotegd́aq, -d́oq)

Kottish: šiax "holding"; baʔākŋ, *bagākŋ "to hold", praet. balākŋ, imp. alax; f-āgō, f-ōk "to take"

Comments: ССЕ 183. Werner 2, 369.

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔaq-ɔt-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to sleep

Ket: dittoʁoat, praet. tōĺoʁoat, imp. tallat (Кастр.) [Werner: -ʁot]

Yug: dittoʁoat, praet. tōroʁoat,imp. tarroat (Кастр.) [Werner: -χot]

Kottish: d́agat (М., Сл., Кл.) "I sleep"; Ass. (М., Сл., Кл.) jáhatan id.

Arin: áqodoŋ (М., Сл., Кл.) "I sleep"; (Лоск.) axot id.

Pumpokol: xotɨk (Срсл., Кл.) "to sleep"

Comments: ССЕ 183. The second part of the stem is also attested by itself (see *tVn-); the first part is independently witnessed perhaps only in Pump. (Срсл.) ak "to lie down". Werner 1, 359-360 *qot 'to lie', with a clearly unsufficient analysis of the paradigms.

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔaqV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to make sour; to rot

Ket: áqqat 'einsäuern' (Werner 1, 51), áʁas / áʁaś / áqaś 'Gärstoff, Sauerteig' (1, 55)

Yug: áqčij 'einsäuern' (Werner 1, 51)

Kottish: age, *ake 'rotten', b-āge-jaŋ 'to rot', praet. barāge-jaŋ; d́āgejaŋ, praet. arāgejaŋ, imp. aregen id.; Ass. (Бол.) bar-ak 'rotten'

Arin: bar-oje (Лоск.) 'rotten'

Comments: Reconstructed as *ʔVqV ( ~ -G-) in ССЕ 204, but new data in Werner 1, 51, 55 allow to make the reconstruction more precise.

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔar(u) (~x-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: deception, to deceive

Ket: aĺ-bet^5,6 'to deceive'

Yug: ar-bet́⁵ / arbɛ:ht́⁴; (Castr.) daratāx, praet. diratońāx, daratonāx, imp. aratanĺāx

Kottish: ārāthačapajaŋ, praet. ārāthalapajaŋ, imp. ārāthala, pass. āruthalāpi 'to deceive'; ārupi "deception" (cf. also āru "cunning")

Comments: ССЕ 183. Werner 1, 29, 59 (without reconstruction).

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔas- / *ʔes-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to shout, call

Ket: dɛ:śij⁴ (North.), South. dɛśij⁴ "I shout"; dɛśɔĺej⁶ 'I shouted'; asanǝj⁶ 'to speak'

Yug: dɛ:^hsi⁴ "I shout"; dɛsɔri^5,6 "I shouted"; ɛ́s-tej 'to call'

Kottish: ačāʔājaŋ "to call", praet. ačāʔālajaŋ, imp. ačāʔālčex, pass. ačāʔālagi; ače, ači "calling"

Comments: ССЕ 183. The Pump. forms: desɨgań "shout" (Срсл.), desɨgin (Срсл.) are in reality Yug. Cf. also Ket aś-kʌʔt, Yug as-kɛ:^ht 'fairy-tale' (a compound with an unclear second component). See Werner 1, 62-63, 241, 258 (without reconstructions).

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔas- / *sV-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: interrogative stem

Ket: aks (Донн.) "what?"; akśej⁵, akśejśaŋ⁵ 'why', aśeś⁵ 'which', aśka⁶ 'when'

Yug: assa (Донн.) "what?"; (Кастр.) assa id., ases "what a"; asesaŋ⁵ / asejsaŋ⁵ 'why', asejs³ 'which', asera⁵ 'who (of a woman)', āskej¹ / āskejsit¹ 'when'

Kottish: šina, šena, g. šinai "what"; ašix 'which, who'

Comments: ССЕ 183-184. Pump. (Срсл.) jasgej 'when' is in reality Yug. Werner 1, 66.

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔas- (~x-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: wild deer, wild animal

Ket: aśśeĺ⁶, pl. aśśen⁶; assan-o⁶ 'to hunt (animals)'

Yug: atčɛ:hr⁴, pl. atčen^5,6

Kottish: ačánše, *ačaŋši, g. -ša, pl. -šīn "elk"

Comments: ССЕ 184. Ket and Yug reflect a compound *ʔas-sēr₁e (see *sēr₁e). In Kottish the word is formally analyzed as "the one being caught" (see *čɔŋ- "catch"), but this is most probably a result of secondary contamination. The analysis of the Ket/Yug form as "God's deer" (Werner 1, 65) seems quite artificial.

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