Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 吟

Modern (Beijing) reading: yín

Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)(r)ǝmʔ

Classic Old Chinese: g(h)(r)ǝ́m

Western Han Chinese: g(h)(r)ǝ́m

Eastern Han Chinese: g(h)(r)ǝ́m

Early Postclassic Chinese: g(h)ím

Middle Postclassic Chinese: g(h)ím

Late Postclassic Chinese: g(h)ím

Middle Chinese: gím

English meaning : obstruct, shut

Russian meaning[s]: 1) декламировать, читать нараспев; заучивать наизусть; 2) вздыхать; стонать

Comments: The character also has a later reading MC ŋim, mod. yín 'murmur, chant' - quite possibly original, but attested late. For *ŋ here cf. Fuzhou ŋiŋ², Jianou ŋɛiŋ⁹, ŋɛiŋ⁶.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 2789

Karlgren code: 0651 s

Character: 听

Modern (Beijing) reading: yǐn

Russian meaning[s]: улыбаться, усмехаться (снисходительно); [tīng] см. 聽

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1983

Character: 囪

Modern (Beijing) reading: cōng

Preclassic Old Chinese: shrōŋ

Classic Old Chinese: shrōŋ

Western Han Chinese: ṣhōŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: ṣhōŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṣhọ̄ŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṣhọ̄ŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṣhọ̄ŋ

Middle Chinese: c̣hạuŋ

English meaning : window [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: дымоход, отверстие над очагом; [chuāng] верхний свет, окно в потолке

Comments: = 窗.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 31

Four-angle index: 1902

Karlgren code: 1199 a-b

Character: 困

Modern (Beijing) reading: kùn

Preclassic Old Chinese: khūns

Classic Old Chinese: khwǝ̄nh

Western Han Chinese: khwǝ̄nh

Eastern Han Chinese: khwǝ̄nh

Early Postclassic Chinese: khwǝ̄̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khwǝ̄̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: khwǝ̄̀n

Middle Chinese: khòn

English meaning : be distressed

Russian meaning[s]: 1) быть в затруднении; дойти до крайней нужды; бедность, затруднения, трудности; 2) поставить в затруднительное положение; загнать (в угол); осаждать (крепость); загнанный; осажденный; 3) изнурение, упадок сил; утомиться, устать; уснуть, лечь спать, вм. 睏

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 31

Four-angle index: 1870

Karlgren code: 0420 a-b

Vietnamese reading: khốn

Character: 囤

Modern (Beijing) reading: dun

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 囫

Modern (Beijing) reading: hú

Russian meaning[s]: 囫圇 целиком, весь; цельный

Radical: 31

Four-angle index: 1857

Character: 坊

Modern (Beijing) reading: fāng

Preclassic Old Chinese: b(h)aŋ

Classic Old Chinese: b(h)aŋ

Western Han Chinese: b(h)aŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: b(h)waŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: b(h)waŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: b(h)waŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: b(h)waŋ

Middle Chinese: bwaŋ

English meaning : dyke [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) квартал; улица; 2) склад; лавка; фабрика, предприятие; 3) мемориальная арка

Radical: 32

Four-angle index: 4221

Karlgren code: 0740 x

Character: 坑

Modern (Beijing) reading: kēng

Preclassic Old Chinese: khrāŋ

Classic Old Chinese: khrāŋ

Western Han Chinese: khrāŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: khrēŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: khẹ̄ŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khẹ̄ŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: khẹ̄ŋ

Middle Chinese: khạ̈iŋ

English meaning : pit [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) яма; выемка в земле, углубление; 2) закопать в землю; 3) волчья яма, ловушка; злоумышлять

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 32

Four-angle index: 7683

Karlgren code: 0698 h

Character: 址

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhǐ

Russian meaning[s]: 1) фундамент, основание; 2) местоположение, расположение

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 32

Four-angle index: 468

Character: 坍

Modern (Beijing) reading: tān

Russian meaning[s]: обвалиться, рухнуть; обвал

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 32

Four-angle index: 4013

Character: 均

Modern (Beijing) reading: jūn

Preclassic Old Chinese: kʷin

Classic Old Chinese: kwin

Western Han Chinese: kwjǝn

Eastern Han Chinese: kjwǝn

Early Postclassic Chinese: kjwin

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kjwin

Late Postclassic Chinese: kjwin

Middle Chinese: kjwin

English meaning : be well balanced, equal, alike

Russian meaning[s]: 1) равный; одинаковый; в равной мере; поровну; равенство; быть равным; уравнивать; равновесие; баланс; 2) все; все; во всех отношениях (обобщающее слово в вэньяне перед сказуемым, соответствует 都)

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 32

Four-angle index: 4272

Karlgren code: 0391 c

Character: 坎

Modern (Beijing) reading: kǎn

Preclassic Old Chinese: khǝ̄mʔ

Classic Old Chinese: khǝ̄́m

Western Han Chinese: khǝ̄́m

Eastern Han Chinese: khǝ̄́m

Early Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̄́m

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̄́m

Late Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̄́m

Middle Chinese: khл́m

English meaning : pit; bury in a pit; be sounding kan-kan

Russian meaning[s]: 1) яма, рытвина; пещера; пробить яму (пещеру); опасное место; попасть в яму (в беду); 2) глухой звук, гул; 3) название одной из 8-ми триграмм; 4) обр. север

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 32

Four-angle index: 4790

Karlgren code: 0624 d

Character: 圾

Modern (Beijing) reading: yí

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋ(h)ǝp

Classic Old Chinese: ŋ(h)ǝp

Western Han Chinese: ŋ(h)ǝp

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋ(h)ǝp

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋ(h)ip

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋ(h)ip

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋ(h)ip

Middle Chinese: ŋip

English meaning : dangerous [LZ]

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 0681 k

Character: 坐

Modern (Beijing) reading: zuò

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʒ́hōjʔ

Classic Old Chinese: ʒhwā́j

Western Han Chinese: ʒhwā́j

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒhwǟ́

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒhwā́

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒhwā́

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒhwā́

Middle Chinese: ʒwấ

English meaning : to sit

Russian meaning[s]: 1) сидеть; садиться; заседать; 2) быть помещенным в...; сесть в тюрьму; отсидеть; 3) попасть под суд, быть осужденным; 4) сидеть сложа руки, бездельничать; 5) так как, вследствие, вм. 因; 6) [ехать] на... (в...); 7) осесть; 8) см. 座

Comments: For *ʒ́h- cf. Yilan che⁶.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 32

Four-angle index: 279

Karlgren code: 0012 a

Character: 坏

Modern (Beijing) reading: pēi

Preclassic Old Chinese: b(h)ǝ̄

Classic Old Chinese: b(h)ǝ̄

Western Han Chinese: b(h)ǝ̄

Eastern Han Chinese: b(h)ǝ̄

Early Postclassic Chinese: b(h)ǝ̄

Middle Postclassic Chinese: b(h)ǝ̄

Late Postclassic Chinese: b(h)ǝ̄j

Middle Chinese: boj

English meaning : fill up, obstruct (e. g. a hole).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 圻

Modern (Beijing) reading: qí

Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)ǝr

Classic Old Chinese: g(h)ǝn

Western Han Chinese: g(h)ǝn

Eastern Han Chinese: g(h)ǝn

Early Postclassic Chinese: g(h)ɨn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: g(h)ɨn

Late Postclassic Chinese: g(h)ɨn

Middle Chinese: gɨj

English meaning : meaning not clear, occurs in 圻父 "minister of war"

Russian meaning[s]: граница, рубеж; пределы; уст. заповедники (в 1000 кв. ли)

Comments: During LZ used for homonymous *g(h)ǝr 'fief of 1000 li square, imperial domain'.

Radical: 32

Four-angle index: 1976

Karlgren code: 0443 l

Character: 壯

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhuàng

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćraŋs

Classic Old Chinese: craŋh

Western Han Chinese: c̣aŋh

Eastern Han Chinese: c̣aŋh

Early Postclassic Chinese: c̣àŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: c̣àŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: c̣àŋ

Middle Chinese: c̣àŋ

English meaning : be strong

Russian meaning[s]: 1) большой, великий; сильный; взрослый, совершеннолетний; достигнуть расцвета сил (30-40 лет); 2) храбрый; благородный; 3) укреплять

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 33

Four-angle index: 140

Karlgren code: 0727 n

Character: 夾

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiá jiā

Preclassic Old Chinese: krēp

Classic Old Chinese: krēp

Western Han Chinese: krjāp

Eastern Han Chinese: kriāp

Early Postclassic Chinese: kiẹ̄p

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kiẹ̄p

Late Postclassic Chinese: kiẹ̄p

Middle Chinese: kạ̈p

English meaning : to flank, be on both sides, assist, follow close to

Russian meaning[s]: 1) сжимать, сдавливать (с двух сторон); втискивать, вставлять; 2) щипцы; брать щипцами (палочками); 3) на подкладке (об одежде); двойной; двусторонний; 4) ящичек; футляр; 5) нести подмышкой; перен. проносить тайно

Comments: Viet. gắp has a narrowed sense 'to pick up with chopsticks' (a usage also attested in Chinese, but in later periods). Regular Sino-Viet. is giáp. Another colloquial loan from the same source is probably Viet. xáp 'to approach, come near'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 37

Four-angle index: 4993

Karlgren code: 0630 a-c

Vietnamese reading: gắp

Character: 妝

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhuāng

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćraŋ

Classic Old Chinese: craŋ

Western Han Chinese: c̣aŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: c̣aŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: c̣aŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: c̣aŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: c̣aŋ

Middle Chinese: c̣aŋ

English meaning : adorn [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) украшение; убор; косметика; 2) наряжаться; притворяться

Radical: 38

Four-angle index: 8787

Karlgren code: 0727 o-p

Character: 妒

Modern (Beijing) reading: dù

Preclassic Old Chinese: tās (~ -ks)

Classic Old Chinese: tāh

Western Han Chinese: tāh

Eastern Han Chinese: tāh

Early Postclassic Chinese: tṑ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: tṑ

Late Postclassic Chinese: tṑ

Middle Chinese: tò

English meaning : to envy, be jealous [L. Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) завидовать; зависть; 2) ревновать; ревность

Radical: 38

Four-angle index: 4136

Karlgren code: 0795 n-o

Vietnamese reading: d_ố