Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 吧

Modern (Beijing) reading: bā

Preclassic Old Chinese: prā

Classic Old Chinese: prā

Western Han Chinese: prā

Eastern Han Chinese: prǟ

Early Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄

Late Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄

Middle Chinese: pạ

English meaning : an interjection; loquacious

Russian meaning[s]: 1) звукоподражание шлепку; 2) звукоподражание плачу ребенка; [-ba] конечная частица предложения, подчеркивающая оттенки предположения, решительности или приказания

Comments: Attested since Song; usually reduplicated. Also read *phrā, MC phạ (FQ 普巴) id.

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 7121

Character: 呆

Modern (Beijing) reading: dāi

Preclassic Old Chinese: pūʔ

Classic Old Chinese: pū́

Western Han Chinese: pǝ̄́w

Eastern Han Chinese: pǝ̄́w

Early Postclassic Chinese: pǝ̄́w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pā́w

Late Postclassic Chinese: pā́w

Middle Chinese: pấw

Russian meaning[s]: вм. 獃

Comments: An old graphic variant of 保 q.v. A very recent usage of the graph is for the word Pek. dāi (of unclear origin) 'mentally weak, childish' (it is also read OC *ŋ(h)ǝ̄j, MC ŋлj, Pek. ái, Go, Kan gai id. - also a rather late word, originally written with a different character).

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 5181

Go-on: ho

Kan-on: hou

Japanese reading: hō;ho;bō;gai;tai;akireru

Character: 呃

Modern (Beijing) reading: e

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 吳

Modern (Beijing) reading: wú

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋuā

Classic Old Chinese: ŋuā

Western Han Chinese: ŋuā

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋuā

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋuō

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋuō

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋuō

Middle Chinese: ŋo

English meaning : to shout

Russian meaning[s]: 1) сокр. пров. Цзянсу; 2) сокр. г. Сучжоу; 3) древн. шумный, крикливый; орать; 4) У (фамилия); 5) У (название древних княжеств и царств)

Comments: For *ŋ- cf. Min forms: Xiamen gɔ², Chaozhou ŋou², Fuzhou, Jianou ŋu².

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 4983

Karlgren code: 0059 a-c

Character: 呈

Modern (Beijing) reading: chéng

Preclassic Old Chinese: Łheŋ

Classic Old Chinese: Łheŋ

Western Han Chinese: Łheŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: lheŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: dheŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dheŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: dheŋ

Middle Chinese: ḍeŋ

English meaning : to report, report [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) рапорт, доклад; прошение, заявление; 2) докладывать, представлять; 3) показывать, проявлять

Comments: For *Łh-, besides MC ḍ-, cf. Chaozhou thĩã², Fuzhou thiŋ², thiaŋ². Also read *Łheŋ-s, MC ḍèŋ id.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 299

Karlgren code: 0835 r

Vietnamese reading: trình

Character: 呂

Modern (Beijing) reading: lǚ

Preclassic Old Chinese: rhaʔ

Classic Old Chinese: rhá

Western Han Chinese: rhá

Eastern Han Chinese: rhá

Early Postclassic Chinese: lhó

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lhó

Late Postclassic Chinese: lhó

Middle Chinese: lö́

English meaning : backbone; pitch-pipe [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) древн. позвоночник, см. 膂; 2) муз. минорные лады; 3) Люй (древнее княжество); 4) Люй (фамилия)

Comments: For *rh- cf. Xiamen lu⁶, Chaozhou lɨ⁴.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1444

Karlgren code: 0076 a-c

Character: 君

Modern (Beijing) reading: jūn

Preclassic Old Chinese: kur

Classic Old Chinese: kun

Western Han Chinese: kun

Eastern Han Chinese: kun

Early Postclassic Chinese: kun

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kun

Late Postclassic Chinese: kun

Middle Chinese: kün

English meaning : lord, lady; prince, ruler; head.

Russian meaning[s]: 1) государь, князь; глава, правитель; 2) отец; муж; господин; эпист. Вы, М.Г.!; 3) госпожа, дама, матрона

Shuowen gloss: 尊也.從尹口.口以發號.

Comments: Cf. Tib. bkur-ba 'veneration, worship', Kach. šăkawn 'to praise, extol' < ST *kŭr.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1130

Karlgren code: 0459 a-c

Shijing occurrences: 1.1, 10.1, 10.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3, 28.4, 33.2, 33.4, 36.1, 36.2, 47.1, 49.2_, 54.4, 55.1, 55.2, 55.3, 57.3

Character: 吩

Modern (Beijing) reading: fēn

Russian meaning[s]: 吩咐 приказывать; приказание

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 4192

Character: 告

Modern (Beijing) reading: gào gù jú

Preclassic Old Chinese: kūks kūk kōk

Classic Old Chinese: kūh

Western Han Chinese: kǝ̄wh

Eastern Han Chinese: kǝ̄wh

Early Postclassic Chinese: kǝ̄̀w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kā̀w

Late Postclassic Chinese: kā̀w

Middle Chinese: kầw kok kuk

Fanqie: 箇奧 [a] 姑沃 [b] 居郁 [c]

Rhyme class: 號 [a] 沃 [b] 屋 [c]

English meaning : to tell, report, announce, declare

Russian meaning[s]: 1) объявить, уведомить; 2) пожаловаться; обратиться с иском (жалобой); 3) просить, ходатайствовать (об отпуске, об отставке); 4) служебный показатель возвратного или непереходного действия

Shuowen gloss: 牛觸人. 角箸橫木. 所以告人也. 從口. 從牛. 易曰. 僮牛之告. 凡告之屬皆從告.

Comments: Also read *kūk, MC kok (FQ 古沃) id.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1313

Karlgren code: 1039 a-d

Shijing occurrences: 2.3, 53.3_, 56.3_

Character: 吹

Modern (Beijing) reading: chuī

Preclassic Old Chinese: thoj

Classic Old Chinese: thwaj

Western Han Chinese: thwaj

Eastern Han Chinese: ćhwe

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćhwe

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćhwe

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćhwe

Middle Chinese: ćhwe

English meaning : to blow; play a wind instrument

Russian meaning[s]: 1) дуть; сдувать; выдувать (стекло, бутылку); 2) хвастать(ся); болтать; [chuì] трубить; играть (на духовом инструменте)

Comments: Traditionally read as *thoj-s, MC ćhwè, Mand. chùi in the second meaning ('play a wind instrument'). Standard Sino-Viet. readings are xuy, xúy.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 4801

Karlgren code: 0030 a

Vietnamese reading: thô`i

Shijing occurrences: 32.1, 32.2

Character: 吻

Modern (Beijing) reading: wěn

Preclassic Old Chinese: m(h)ǝnʔ

Classic Old Chinese: m(h)ǝ́n

Western Han Chinese: m(h)ǝ́n

Eastern Han Chinese: m(h)wǝ́n

Early Postclassic Chinese: m(h)wɨ́n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: m(h)wɨ́n

Late Postclassic Chinese: m(h)wɨ́n

Middle Chinese: mǘn

English meaning : corner of lips, shut the lips [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) губы; целовать; 2) сойтись вплотную; соединиться; подойти; 3) 12-е число (в телеграммах)

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 4376

Karlgren code: 0503 o

Character: 吸

Modern (Beijing) reading: xī

Preclassic Old Chinese: sŋǝp (~ h-)

Classic Old Chinese: ŋ̥ǝp

Western Han Chinese: ŋ̥ǝp

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋ̥ǝp

Early Postclassic Chinese: hip

Middle Postclassic Chinese: hip

Late Postclassic Chinese: hip

Middle Chinese: xip

English meaning : to inhale, to absorb [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) вдыхать, втягивать; вдох; затянуться (напр. дымом); курить; всасывать, потягивать; впитывать; 2) привлекать

Comments: In Viet. cf. also hó'p 'to sip', húp 'to drink (soup etc.)'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 6350

Karlgren code: 0681 j

Vietnamese reading: hấp

Character: 吮

Modern (Beijing) reading: shǔn

Preclassic Old Chinese: lurʔ

Classic Old Chinese: lún

Western Han Chinese: lún

Eastern Han Chinese: źún

Early Postclassic Chinese: źún

Middle Postclassic Chinese: źún

Late Postclassic Chinese: źún

Middle Chinese: źwín

English meaning : lick [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: сосать

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 7509

Karlgren code: 0468 m

Character: 吵

Modern (Beijing) reading: chǎo

Russian meaning[s]: кричать; ссориться, скандалить, громко шуметь; спорить; гам, гвалт; [shào] крик (болотных птиц); кваканье

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 4056

Character: 吶

Modern (Beijing) reading: nà

Preclassic Old Chinese: n(h)ūt

Classic Old Chinese: n(h)wǝ̄t

Western Han Chinese: n(h)wǝ̄t

Eastern Han Chinese: n(h)wǝ̄t

Early Postclassic Chinese: n(h)wǝ̄t

Middle Postclassic Chinese: n(h)wǝ̄t

Late Postclassic Chinese: n(h)wǝ̄t

Middle Chinese: not

English meaning : slow of speech [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: запинаться, заикаться (напр. от возбуждения)

Comments: Also read OC *n(h)rōt, MC ṇwạt; OC *n(h)ot, MC ńwet; OC *n(h)rot, MC ṇwet id.

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 3958

Karlgren code: 0695 k-m

Character: 吠

Modern (Beijing) reading: fèi

Preclassic Old Chinese: bats

Classic Old Chinese: bać

Western Han Chinese: baś

Eastern Han Chinese: bwaś

Early Postclassic Chinese: bwaś

Middle Postclassic Chinese: bwǝ̀j

Late Postclassic Chinese: bwǝ̀j

Middle Chinese: bwǝ̀j

English meaning : to bark

Russian meaning[s]: лай; лаять на...; огрызаться

Comments: For *b- cf. Min forms: Xiamen, Chaozhou pui⁶, Fuzhou poi⁶, Jianou pü⁶.

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 4949

Karlgren code: 0348 a

Jianchuan Bai: pia2

Dali Bai: pia2

Shijing occurrences: 23.3_

Character: 吼

Modern (Beijing) reading: hǒu

Russian meaning[s]: рычать, реветь

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 6905

Character: 呀

Modern (Beijing) reading: yā

Russian meaning[s]: 1) звукоподражание смеху, лепету; 2) ой! (восклицание испуга, удивления); звукоподражание скрипу, карканью; 3) разинуть рот; [-ya] конечная частица вопросительного (особенно неполного) и восклицательного предложения; [xiā] 1) разинуть рот; 2) зиять; зияющий, пустой

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 3252

Character: 吱

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhi

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 含

Modern (Beijing) reading: hán

Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)ǝ̄m

Classic Old Chinese: g(h)ǝ̄m

Western Han Chinese: gǝ̄m (~ ɣ-)

Eastern Han Chinese: gǝ̄m (~ ɣ-)

Early Postclassic Chinese: gǝ̄m (~ ɣ-)

Middle Postclassic Chinese: gǝ̄m (~ ɣ-)

Late Postclassic Chinese: gǝ̄m (~ ɣ-)

Middle Chinese: ɣʌm

English meaning : to hold in the mouth; hold back (e.g. anger)

Russian meaning[s]: 1) держать во рту; 2) содержать (таить) в себе; 3) сносить (обиду); сдерживать (напр. слезы)

Comments: In Viet. cf. also ngậm 'to hold in the mouth' (although the tone is different, and it may be just a chance coincidence).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1338

Karlgren code: 0651 |l ́

Vietnamese reading: hàm

Jianchuan Bai: ka7

Dali Bai: ka7