Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 獨

Modern (Beijing) reading: dú

Preclassic Old Chinese: dōk

Classic Old Chinese: dōk

Western Han Chinese: dōk

Eastern Han Chinese: dōk

Early Postclassic Chinese: dōk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dōk

Late Postclassic Chinese: dwōk

Middle Chinese: duk

English meaning : be alone

Russian meaning[s]: 1) одинокий, единичный; один; одно- в сложных словах; 2) бобыль; бездетный; 3) отдельный; независимый, самостоятельный; 4) только, однако; 5) яп. сокр. Германия

Comments: For *d- cf. Fuzhou tuk⁸, Siam. dhɔ̄k (*dōk).

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 94

Four-angle index: 4367

Karlgren code: 1224 i

Vietnamese reading: d_ộc

Shijing occurrences: 31.1, 56.1, 56.2, 56.3

Character: 璜

Modern (Beijing) reading: huáng

English meaning : half-circle shaped pendants; a pair of these was suspended from the belt or apron and tinkled

Russian meaning[s]: украшение из яшмы в форме полудиска

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 8144

Karlgren code: 0707 c-d

Character: 璣

Modern (Beijing) reading: jī

English meaning : apparatus

Russian meaning[s]: 1) жемчужина неправильной формы; 2) вращающийся угломер (древний астрономический прибор); 3) Цзи (название третьей звезды в созвездии Большой Медведицы)

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 6881

Karlgren code: 0547 d

Character: 璞

Modern (Beijing) reading: pú

Russian meaning[s]: неотшлифованный драгоценный камень; перен. естественный; истинный

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 5123

Karlgren code: 1211 n

Character: 瓢

Modern (Beijing) reading: piáo

Preclassic Old Chinese: bhew

Classic Old Chinese: bhew

Western Han Chinese: bhjaw

Eastern Han Chinese: bhjaw

Early Postclassic Chinese: bhjew

Middle Postclassic Chinese: bhjew

Late Postclassic Chinese: bhjew

Middle Chinese: bjew

English meaning : a k. of gourd [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) тыква-горлянка; 2) черпак, ковш (из тыквы-горлянки)

Comments: For *bh- cf. Xiamen phio², Chaozhou phieu², Longdu phiaw².

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 97

Four-angle index: 4878

Karlgren code: 1157 k

Character: 甌

Modern (Beijing) reading: ōu

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔō

Classic Old Chinese: ʔō

Western Han Chinese: ʔwā

Eastern Han Chinese: ʔwā

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔōw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄w

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄w

Middle Chinese: ʔʌw

English meaning : bowl [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) тазик; чаша, чашка; 2) сокр. г. Вэньчжоу (в провинции Чжэцзян)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 98

Four-angle index: 7751

Karlgren code: 0122 l

Character: 甍

Modern (Beijing) reading: méng

Russian meaning[s]: гребень черепичной крыши; черепичная кровля

Radical: 98

Four-angle index: 7763

Karlgren code: 0902 e

Character: 瘴

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhàng

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ядовитые испарения, миазмы; 2) малярия

Radical: 104

Four-angle index: 2248

Character: 瘸

Modern (Beijing) reading: qué

Preclassic Old Chinese: gʷiaj

Classic Old Chinese: gwiaj

Western Han Chinese: gwiaj

Eastern Han Chinese: gjwä

Early Postclassic Chinese: gjwa

Middle Postclassic Chinese: gjwa

Late Postclassic Chinese: gjwa

Middle Chinese: gwa

English meaning : lame [Song]

Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is cài. For *gʷ cf. Xiamen ke², Jianou kiɔ² (Chaozhou khue² is secondary).

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Vietnamese reading: què

Character: 盧

Modern (Beijing) reading: lú

Preclassic Old Chinese: rā

Classic Old Chinese: rā

Western Han Chinese: rā

Eastern Han Chinese: rǟ

Early Postclassic Chinese: lā

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lā

Late Postclassic Chinese: lā

Middle Chinese: lo

English meaning : food vessel

Russian meaning[s]: хижина, шалаш; дача; жить в шалаше

Comments: The meaning 'vessel' is attested only since Han (although it is no doubt original and is given by Shuowen). For *r- cf. Min forms: Xiamen lɔ², Chaozhou lou², Fuzhou, Jianou lu². During Zhou the character is attested only as a loan for several homonymous words: *rā 'hound; black; cottage, house; lance shaft'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 108

Four-angle index: 658

Karlgren code: 0069 d

Character: 盥

Modern (Beijing) reading: guàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: kʷānʔ (~ -rʔ)

Classic Old Chinese: kwā́n

Western Han Chinese: kwā́n

Eastern Han Chinese: kwā́n

Early Postclassic Chinese: kwā́n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kwā́n

Late Postclassic Chinese: kwā́n

Middle Chinese: kwấn

English meaning : to wash hands

Russian meaning[s]: 1) мыть руки; мыть; 2) рукомойник

Comments: Also read *kʷānʔ-s, MC kwần, Pek. guàn id.

Radical: 108

Four-angle index: 637

Karlgren code: 0161 a-c

Character: 瞠

Modern (Beijing) reading: chēng

Preclassic Old Chinese: thrāŋ

Classic Old Chinese: thrāŋ

Western Han Chinese: ṭhāŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: ṭhāŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṭhạ̄ŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṭhạ̄ŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṭhạ̄ŋ

Middle Chinese: ṭhạ̈iŋ

English meaning : look straight at, stare

Russian meaning[s]: 1) всматриваться; таращить (глаза); 2) пристрастный

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 187

Karlgren code: 0725 |f ́

Character: 瞞

Modern (Beijing) reading: mán

Preclassic Old Chinese: mār

Classic Old Chinese: mān

Western Han Chinese: mān

Eastern Han Chinese: mān

Early Postclassic Chinese: mān

Middle Postclassic Chinese: mān

Late Postclassic Chinese: mān

Middle Chinese: mwân

English meaning : shut the eyes, be deluded; ashamed [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) обманывать; скрывать; 2) слепой; неясный; 3) стыд

Comments: For *m- cf. Xiamen buan², Chaozhou mua², Fuzhou muaŋ², Jianou muiŋ². After the change of *-r to *-n the word became confused with 謾 *mān 'deceive' q.v.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 3939

Karlgren code: 0183 d

Character: 瞟

Modern (Beijing) reading: piao

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 瞥

Modern (Beijing) reading: piē

Russian meaning[s]: 1) мельком взглянуть, окинуть взором; 2) промелькнуть; в мгновение ока

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 1706

Character: 磨

Modern (Beijing) reading: mó

Preclassic Old Chinese: māj

Classic Old Chinese: māj

Western Han Chinese: māj

Eastern Han Chinese: mǟ

Early Postclassic Chinese: mā

Middle Postclassic Chinese: mā

Late Postclassic Chinese: mā

Middle Chinese: mwâ

English meaning : to grind, polish

Russian meaning[s]: 1) молоть, тереть; точить; растирать; полировать; убивать (время); 2) трения, трудности; перипетии; 3) совершенствовать(ся); [mò] 1) мельничный жернов; точильный камень; мельница; 2) раз, один раз

Comments: Also read *māj-s, MC mwầ (FQ 摸臥), Mand. mò 'grinding stone'. Regular Sino-Viet. is ma. For *m- cf. Xiamen, Chaozhou bua², Fuzhou mo², Meixian, Guangzhou mɔ², Shaowu mai² (for 'grinding stone': Xiamen bo⁶, mo⁶, Fuzhou mo⁶, Chaozhou bo⁶, Jianou mo⁶).

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 112

Four-angle index: 1103

Karlgren code: 0017 f

Vietnamese reading: mài

Jianchuan Bai: ŋui2-, uĩ2, mo2

Dali Bai: ue3, mo2, ma5

Bijiang Bai: mi2, mo2

Shijing occurrences: 55.1_

Character: 磚

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhuān

Preclassic Old Chinese: ton

Classic Old Chinese: twan

Western Han Chinese: twan

Eastern Han Chinese: ćwan

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćwen

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćwen

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćwen

Middle Chinese: ćwen

English meaning : brick [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: кирпич; кирпичный

Comments: Originally written with radical 土.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 112

Four-angle index: 3219

Jianchuan Bai: cuĩ4

Dali Bai: cui5

Bijiang Bai: ṭho4

Character: 磬

Modern (Beijing) reading: qìng

Preclassic Old Chinese: khēŋs

Classic Old Chinese: khēŋh

Western Han Chinese: khēŋh

Eastern Han Chinese: khiēŋh

Early Postclassic Chinese: khiḕŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khiḕŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: khiḕŋ

Middle Chinese: khìeŋ

English meaning : musical stone

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ударный инструмент; звон сосуда; 2) пустой; подходить к концу, иссякать, см. 罄; 3) сгорбленный; изогнутый

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 112

Four-angle index: 1102

Karlgren code: 0832 c

Vietnamese reading: khánh

Character: 磧

Modern (Beijing) reading: qì

Russian meaning[s]: 1) гравий, мелкие камни на отмелях; 2) пустыня

Radical: 112

Four-angle index: 7934

Character: 禦

Modern (Beijing) reading: yù

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋ(h)(r)aʔ

Classic Old Chinese: ŋ(h)(r)á

Western Han Chinese: ŋ(h)(r)á

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋ(h)(r)á

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋ(h)ó

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋ(h)ó

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋ(h)ó

Middle Chinese: ŋö́

English meaning : to defend, object, oppose, prevent; exorcise

Russian meaning[s]: 1) отражать, отбивать; сопротивляться, противостоять; 2) обороняться; оборона; 3) враг, противник

Comments: See the discussion under 御. Viet. ǹ'a is a rather archaic (Han time) colloquial loanword; standard Sino-Viet. is ṇ' (note that both in Mand. and in Viet. the tone had been influenced by 御).

Radical: 113

Four-angle index: 8195

Karlgren code: 0060 p-q

Vietnamese reading: ngù'a