Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 咬

Modern (Beijing) reading: yǎo

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋhrāwʔ

Classic Old Chinese: ŋhrā́w

Western Han Chinese: ŋhrā́w

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋhrā́w

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋhạ̄́w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋhạ̄́w

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋhạ̄́w

Middle Chinese: ŋạ́w

English meaning : to bite [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) кусать, укусить; грызть; 2) разг. втянуть в процесс; оказаться вовлеченным в дело; 3) лаять; [jiāo] щебетать, петь (о птицах)

Comments: For *ŋh- cf. Fuzhou ŋa⁶.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 6376

Karlgren code: 1166 g

Jianchuan Bai: ŋa6

Dali Bai: ŋa6

Bijiang Bai: ŋa6

Character: 哀

Modern (Beijing) reading: āi

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔǝ̄j

Classic Old Chinese: ʔǝ̄j

Western Han Chinese: ʔǝ̄j

Eastern Han Chinese: ʔǝ̄j

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄j

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄j

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄j

Middle Chinese: ʔʌj

English meaning : to pity, lament; be pitied, lamented, pitiable; woe; pitiful, woeful; pitying

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ах!, увы!; скорбеть, горевать; скорбь, грусть; 2) оплакивать, убиваться; 3) осиротевший; плачущий; траурный; 4) жалеть; жалость; выражать соболезнование; жалостно; жалобно; 5) Ай (фамилия)

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 5740

Karlgren code: 0550 h-i

Go-on: o, ai

Kan-on: ai

Japanese reading: ai;aware;awaremu;kanashimi;kanashii

Character: 咨

Modern (Beijing) reading: zī

Preclassic Old Chinese: cij

Classic Old Chinese: cij

Western Han Chinese: cjǝj

Eastern Han Chinese: cjǝj

Early Postclassic Chinese: cjij

Middle Postclassic Chinese: cjij

Late Postclassic Chinese: cji

Middle Chinese: cji

English meaning : to sigh, moan; oh

Russian meaning[s]: 1) отношение (бумага между равными инстанциями); 2) совещаться, обсуждать; разработать план

Comments: Used also for a homonymous *cij 'to consult'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1376

Karlgren code: 0555 e

Go-on: si

Kan-on: si

Japanese reading: shi;hakaru;aa

Character: 哎

Modern (Beijing) reading: āi

English meaning : an interjection

Russian meaning[s]: междометие ай!

Comments: A late character (attested after Tang).

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 6370

Character: 哉

Modern (Beijing) reading: zāi

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćǝ̄

Classic Old Chinese: cǝ̄

Western Han Chinese: cǝ̄

Eastern Han Chinese: cǝ̄

Early Postclassic Chinese: cǝ̄

Middle Postclassic Chinese: cǝ̄

Late Postclassic Chinese: cǝ̄j

Middle Chinese: cʌj

English meaning : postverbal particle or exclamation indicating indignation, wonder, surprise and rhetorical questions

Russian meaning[s]: 1) в вэньяне усилительная (восклицательная) частица; 2) вост. диал. суффикс совершенного вида глагола, соответствующий 了

Shuowen gloss: 言之間也.從口.�聲.

Comments: In Shujing used also with the meaning 'to begin' - perhaps just a graphic loan for 載 *ćǝ̄-s q.v.

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 6820

Karlgren code: 0943 v-x

Shijing occurrences: 1.2, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3, 40.1, 40.2, 40.3

Character: 咸

Modern (Beijing) reading: xián

Preclassic Old Chinese: grǝ̄m (~ -ī-)

Classic Old Chinese: grǝ̄m

Western Han Chinese: grǝ̄m

Eastern Han Chinese: grǝ̄m

Early Postclassic Chinese: gǝ̣̄m

Middle Postclassic Chinese: giǝ̣̄m

Late Postclassic Chinese: giǝ̣̄m

Middle Chinese: ɣạ̈m

English meaning : to complete, finish; unite; concordant; completely, all

Russian meaning[s]: 1) все; все; вместе; всеобщий; повсеместно; во всех отношениях; 2) Сянь (фамилия)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 6841

Karlgren code: 0671 a-d

Character: 咦

Modern (Beijing) reading: yí

Russian meaning[s]: 1) вскрикнуть; рассмеяться; 2) междометие ого!, ой!, ох!

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 5116

Character: 咳

Modern (Beijing) reading: ké

Preclassic Old Chinese: khǝ̄ks

Classic Old Chinese: khǝ̄h

Western Han Chinese: khǝ̄h

Eastern Han Chinese: khǝ̄h

Early Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̄̀

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̄̀

Late Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̄̀j

Middle Chinese: khл̀j

English meaning : cough

Russian meaning[s]: кашлять; кашель; [hái] междометие досады, укоризны, горя

Comments: Mod. ké must reflect an unattested variant *khǝ̄k, MC khлk.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 7812

Karlgren code: 0937 g

Character: 哇

Modern (Beijing) reading: wā

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔʷrē

Classic Old Chinese: ʔwrē

Western Han Chinese: ʔwrē

Eastern Han Chinese: ʔwriē

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔwiẹ̄

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔwiẹ̄

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔwiẹ̄

Middle Chinese: ʔwạ̈

English meaning : to spit [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) тошнить; рвать; 2) уа! (плач ребенка); 3) восклицательная частица, см. 啊

Comments: Also irregularly read as MC ʔʷạ (FQ 烏瓜) id., whence the Pek. reading, as well as Go we, Kan wa.

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 160

Karlgren code: 0879 x

Go-on: e

Kan-on: ai

Japanese reading: e;wa;ai;haku

Character: 哂

Modern (Beijing) reading: shěn

Preclassic Old Chinese: slǝrʔ

Classic Old Chinese: l̥ǝ́n

Western Han Chinese: l̥ǝ́n

Eastern Han Chinese: śǝ́n

Early Postclassic Chinese: śɨ́n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: śɨ́n

Late Postclassic Chinese: śɨ́n

Middle Chinese: śín

English meaning : to smile [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: улыбаться, усмехаться (снисходительно)

Comments: Initial *sl- is irregular in this series; perhaps we are dealing with *sǝrʔ with an irregular development in MC?

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1923

Karlgren code: 0594 i

Character: 咽

Modern (Beijing) reading: yān yàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔīns

Classic Old Chinese: ʔīnh

Western Han Chinese: ʔjǝ̄nh

Eastern Han Chinese: ʔiǝ̄nh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔiḕn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔiḕn

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔiḕn

Middle Chinese: ʔièn

English meaning : to swallow [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: глотка, горло; пищевод; [yàn] глотать; проглотить; [yè] поперхнуться; захлебываться; заглохнуть

Comments: ʔīn, MC ʔien (FQ 烏前), Pek. yān 'throat' (LZ); *ʔīt, MC ʔiet (FQ 烏結), Pek. yè 'to obscure' (the latter reading attested since Han). The earliest attestation is in Shijing for *ʔin / *ʔʷīn (MC ʔjin, ʔwien, Pek. yīn, yuān) 'beat of the drum'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1862

Karlgren code: 0370 h

Jianchuan Bai: ẽ2

Dali Bai: e3

Bijiang Bai: ẽ2

Character: 咪

Modern (Beijing) reading: meng

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 品

Modern (Beijing) reading: pǐn

Preclassic Old Chinese: phrǝmʔ

Classic Old Chinese: phrǝ́m

Western Han Chinese: phrǝ́m

Eastern Han Chinese: phrǝ́m

Early Postclassic Chinese: phím

Middle Postclassic Chinese: phím

Late Postclassic Chinese: phím

Middle Chinese: phím

English meaning : a kind, class, piece

Russian meaning[s]: 1) товар; предмет, вещь; 2) характер, качество, свойство; 3) ранг, класс; степень, разряд; 4) классифицировать, оценивать; 5) играть на музыкальных инструментах

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1068

Karlgren code: 0669 a-d

Character: 哄

Modern (Beijing) reading: hōng hǒng

Russian meaning[s]: шуметь, громко хохотать, гудеть, реветь (о человеческих голосах); [hǒng] 1) обмануть, одурачить, провести, оставить в дураках; 2) уговорить, задобрить (ребенка)

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 7849

Character: 哈

Modern (Beijing) reading: hā

Russian meaning[s]: ха!; хохотать

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1175

Character: 咯

Modern (Beijing) reading: luò

Russian meaning[s]: диал. суффикс совершенного вида, соответствует 了; [luò kē] сокр. харкать (кашлять) кровью

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1390

Character: 咫

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhǐ

Preclassic Old Chinese: keʔ

Classic Old Chinese: ké

Western Han Chinese: ké

Eastern Han Chinese: kjé

Early Postclassic Chinese: kjé

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kjé

Late Postclassic Chinese: kjé

Middle Chinese: ćé

English meaning : foot (8 inches) [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) чжи (мера в 0,8 чи); 2) перен. близко; немного; только и всего

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 4856

Karlgren code: 0865 d

Character: 咱

Modern (Beijing) reading: zán

Russian meaning[s]: я; мы с вами

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1710

Character: 咻

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiū

Preclassic Old Chinese: hu

Classic Old Chinese: hu

Western Han Chinese: hǝw

Eastern Han Chinese: hǝw

Early Postclassic Chinese: hiw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: hǝw

Late Postclassic Chinese: hǝw

Middle Chinese: xǝw

English meaning : clamour [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: радостный гул; шумные приветствия; [xiǔ] болезненное дыхание; стоны больного

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 5141

Karlgren code: 1070 g

Character: 咩

Modern (Beijing) reading: mie

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0