Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 兗

Modern (Beijing) reading: yǎn

Preclassic Old Chinese: lonʔ

Classic Old Chinese: lwán

Western Han Chinese: lwán

Eastern Han Chinese: źwán

Early Postclassic Chinese: źwén

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jwén

Late Postclassic Chinese: jwén

Middle Chinese: jwén

English meaning : place name

Russian meaning[s]: Янь (древняя область); сокр. Яньчжоу (округ и город в провинции Шаньдун)

Radical: 10

Four-angle index: 7402

Karlgren code: 0229 d

Character: 冒

Modern (Beijing) reading: maò

Preclassic Old Chinese: mūʔs (~ -ks)

Classic Old Chinese: mūh

Western Han Chinese: mūh

Eastern Han Chinese: mūh

Early Postclassic Chinese: mū̀

Middle Postclassic Chinese: mū̀

Late Postclassic Chinese: mū̀

Middle Chinese: mầw

English meaning : to cover

Comments: Used also for a homonymous *mūʔ-s 'be covetous'. For *m- cf. Min forms: Xiamen bõ⁶, Chaozhou mau⁴, Fuzhou mɔ⁶, Jianou mau⁶.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 1062 a-b

Shijing occurrences: 29.1_

Character: 冑

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhòu

Preclassic Old Chinese: Łhus

Classic Old Chinese: Łhuh

Western Han Chinese: Łhǝwh

Eastern Han Chinese: lhǝwh

Early Postclassic Chinese: dhìw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dhǝ̀w

Late Postclassic Chinese: dhǝ̀w

Middle Chinese: ḍǝ̀w

English meaning : helmet

Russian meaning[s]: 1) шлем; 2) старший сын; старший

Comments: Attested in Shijing, but absent from Schüssler's dictionary.

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 3544

Karlgren code: 1079 i-l

Character: 冠

Modern (Beijing) reading: guān

Preclassic Old Chinese: kʷān

Classic Old Chinese: kwān

Western Han Chinese: kwān

Eastern Han Chinese: kwān

Early Postclassic Chinese: kwān

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kwān

Late Postclassic Chinese: kwān

Middle Chinese: kwân

English meaning : cap

Russian meaning[s]: 1) шапка; головной убор совершеннолетнего; 2) гребешок (хохолок) птицы; 3) Гуань (фамилия); [guàn] 1) надеть шапку; стать совершеннолетним; 2) возглавить; увенчать собой; 3) превзойти

Comments: Also read *kʷān-s, MC kwần, Pek. guàn "put on a cap" (LZ).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 14

Four-angle index: 7309

Karlgren code: 0160 a

Character: 剎

Modern (Beijing) reading: chà

Russian meaning[s]: буддийский монастырь (храм)

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 2882

Character: 剃

Modern (Beijing) reading: tì

Preclassic Old Chinese: slēks

Classic Old Chinese: l̥ēh

Western Han Chinese: l̥ēh

Eastern Han Chinese: l̥iēh

Early Postclassic Chinese: thiḕj

Middle Postclassic Chinese: thiḕj

Late Postclassic Chinese: thiḕj

Middle Chinese: thìej

English meaning : to shave hair [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: брить

Comments: The original writing is #, and the word is clearly connected with 剔 *slēk 'to cut' q.v.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 2877

Jianchuan Bai: ćɛ̃3

Dali Bai: ćer3

Character: 削

Modern (Beijing) reading: xuè

Preclassic Old Chinese: sekʷ

Classic Old Chinese: seuk

Western Han Chinese: sjauk

Eastern Han Chinese: sjauk

Early Postclassic Chinese: sjauk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: sjak

Late Postclassic Chinese: sjak

Middle Chinese: sjak

English meaning : to scrape, destroy

Russian meaning[s]: 1) срезать (мясо); остругать; соскоблить; 2) отнять; лишить (чего-л.); захватить, узурпировать; 3) исправить, отредактировать (сочинение); 4) уничтожить; свести на нет; 5) кривой нож

Comments: Also read OC sekʷ-s, MC sjèw id. During LZ also used for *srēw-s, MC ṣạ̀w 'zone comprising districts at a certain distance from the capital'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 2851

Karlgren code: 1149 |c ́

Character: 前

Modern (Beijing) reading: qián

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʒ́ēn

Classic Old Chinese: ʒēn

Western Han Chinese: ʒjān

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒiān

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒiēn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒiēn

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒiēn

Middle Chinese: ʒien

English meaning : be before, former

Russian meaning[s]: 1) перед; передний; впереди; сокр. фронт; 2) предыдущий, прошедший; бывший; позавчера; прежде, раньше; до, до того как...; перед; ...тому назад; 3) послелог (часто с предшествующим 在 или 當) заканчивает конструкцию обстоятельства времени или места; 4) быть раньше, случиться прежде; накануне; до того, перед; 5) продвигаться; вести вперед

Comments: For *ʒ́ cf. Xiamen cĩ², Chaozhou cõĩ², Fuzhou seŋ².

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 2846

Karlgren code: 0245 a-d

Jianchuan Bai: ćɛ̃2-

Dali Bai: cɨ7-

Bijiang Bai: ʒa7-

Shijing occurrences: 38.1

Character: 剌

Modern (Beijing) reading: là

Preclassic Old Chinese: r(h)āt

Classic Old Chinese: r(h)āt

Western Han Chinese: r(h)āt

Eastern Han Chinese: r(h)āt

Early Postclassic Chinese: l(h)āt

Middle Postclassic Chinese: l(h)āt

Late Postclassic Chinese: l(h)āt

Middle Chinese: lât

English meaning : wicked [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) строптивый, упрямый; непокорный; 2) жестокий, бесчеловечный; [lá] разрезать, порезать; отрезать; вскрыть

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 2885

Karlgren code: 0272 a-d

Character: 剋

Modern (Beijing) reading: kè

Russian meaning[s]: 1) победить, преодолеть; подавить, вм. 克; 2) ограничить, определить; ограниченный, определенный (о сроке); 3) непременно, обязательно; 4) вырезать, гравировать, вм. 刻; 5) жестокий, вм. 刻

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 7389

Character: 則

Modern (Beijing) reading: zé

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćǝ̄k

Classic Old Chinese: cǝ̄k

Western Han Chinese: cǝ̄k

Eastern Han Chinese: cǝ̄k

Early Postclassic Chinese: cǝ̄k

Middle Postclassic Chinese: cǝ̄k

Late Postclassic Chinese: cǝ̄k

Middle Chinese: cʌk

English meaning : norm; take as a norm

Russian meaning[s]: 1) закон; уложение; правило; положение; способ; 2) образец, пример; подражать; сообразоваться; 3) тогда, то; в таком случае; тотчас; следовательно, поэтому

Shuowen gloss: 等畫物也.從刀貝.貝古之物貨也.古文則.籀文則.從鼎. [179]

Comments: In archaic inscriptions used also for 'a type of small fief'; also widely used as a connective (adversative) 'consequently, then, otherwise'. The original meaning is probably 'side' ( > 'right side, norm').

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 2912

Karlgren code: 0906 a-b

Shijing occurrences: 10.3, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4, 34.1, 43.3, 54.1

Character: 勇

Modern (Beijing) reading: yǒng

Preclassic Old Chinese: loŋʔ

Classic Old Chinese: lóŋ

Western Han Chinese: lóŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: źóŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: źóŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jóŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: jóŋ

Middle Chinese: jö́uŋ

English meaning : courage, valor

Russian meaning[s]: 1) храбрость, отвага, мужество; храбрый, бравый, отважный; герой, богатырь; 2) нерегулярные войска; добровольцы

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 19

Four-angle index: 4746

Karlgren code: 1185 k, f-g

Vietnamese reading: dũng

Character: 勉

Modern (Beijing) reading: miǎn

Preclassic Old Chinese: marʔ

Classic Old Chinese: mán

Western Han Chinese: mán

Eastern Han Chinese: mán

Early Postclassic Chinese: mén

Middle Postclassic Chinese: mén

Late Postclassic Chinese: mén

Middle Chinese: mén

English meaning : to strive, insist, make effort

Russian meaning[s]: 1) прилагать усилия; стараться; усердно; 2) принуждать, уговаривать, воодущевлять

Comments: Viet. mến is a colloquial loanword (with a somewhat modified meaning 'to strive' > 'to love, like, esteem'); regular Sino-Viet. is miễn. For *m- cf. Xiamen bian³, Chaozhou mieŋ³, Fuzhou mieŋ³. As in some other cases, MC mén is not quite regular (*mwǝ́n would be a normal reflex of *marʔ).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 19

Four-angle index: 7580

Karlgren code: 0222 c

Vietnamese reading: mến

Shijing occurrences: 35.1, 35.4

Character: 勃

Modern (Beijing) reading: bó

Preclassic Old Chinese: bǝ̄t

Classic Old Chinese: bǝ̄t

Western Han Chinese: bǝ̄t

Eastern Han Chinese: bǝ̄t

Early Postclassic Chinese: bǝ̄t

Middle Postclassic Chinese: bǝ̄t

Late Postclassic Chinese: bǝ̄t

Middle Chinese: bot

English meaning : suddenly; fast, erect [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) внезапно, вдруг; резко, круто; 2) обильно, пышно; 3) буйный, непокорный; 4) жестокий; жесткий; 5) резко измениться в лице; 6) см. 渤

Comments: For *b cf. Xiamen put⁸, Chaozhou puek⁸, Fuzhou puok⁸. Standard Sino-Viet. is bột. Cf. also Viet. phú't '(to act) definitively, without hesitation'; vụt 'suddenly, rapidly'. Also read *b(h)ǝ̄t, MC bot 'powdery (of soil)' (cf. � *b_ǝt).

Radical: 19

Four-angle index: 4695

Karlgren code: 0491 b

Vietnamese reading: phụt

Character: 勁

Modern (Beijing) reading: jìn

Preclassic Old Chinese: keŋs

Classic Old Chinese: keŋh

Western Han Chinese: keŋh

Eastern Han Chinese: kjeŋh

Early Postclassic Chinese: kjèŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kjèŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: kjèŋ

Middle Chinese: kjèŋ

English meaning : strong [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) сильный, здоровый; быть сильным (крепким); 2) сильно; совершенно; весьма

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 19

Four-angle index: 4673

Karlgren code: 0831 m

Character: 匍

Modern (Beijing) reading: pú

Preclassic Old Chinese: b(h)ā

Classic Old Chinese: b(h)ā

Western Han Chinese: b(h)ā

Eastern Han Chinese: b(h)ā

Early Postclassic Chinese: b(h)ō

Middle Postclassic Chinese: b(h)ō

Late Postclassic Chinese: b(h)ō

Middle Chinese: bo

English meaning : be crawling

Russian meaning[s]: ползти на четвереньках; ползучий

Comments: Also read *b(h)a, MC bü, Pek. fú id. Used only within a compound 匍匐 *b(h)ā-b(h)ǝ̄k 'to crawl'. The Chinese origin of Viet. bò 'to crawl' is dubious, since the Viet. word is used independently; the regular Sino-Viet. reflex of 匍 is bồ.

Radical: 20

Four-angle index: 4344

Karlgren code: 0102 |l ́-m ́

Vietnamese reading: bò

Shijing occurrences: 35.4

Character: 南

Modern (Beijing) reading: nán

Preclassic Old Chinese: nǝ̄m

Classic Old Chinese: nǝ̄m

Western Han Chinese: nǝ̄m

Eastern Han Chinese: nǝ̄m

Early Postclassic Chinese: nǝ̄m

Middle Postclassic Chinese: nǝ̄m

Late Postclassic Chinese: nǝ̄m

Middle Chinese: nʌm

Fanqie: 那含

Rhyme class: 覃

English meaning : South

Russian meaning[s]: 1) юг; южный; повернуться к югу; отправиться на юг; 2) стар. быть правителем, управлять страной; 3) древн. южные мелодии; 4) Нань (фамилия)

Shuowen gloss: 艸木至南方. 有枝任也. 從??. ??聲.

Comments: Used also for *nǝ̄m 'a k. of song and dance' (Sch.: perhaps same word as 'South'). For *n- cf. Chaozhou, Xiamen lam², Fuzhou, Jianou naŋ².

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 24

Four-angle index: 3832

Karlgren code: 0650 a-c

Vietnamese reading: nam

Jianchuan Bai: na7

Dali Bai: na7

Shijing occurrences: 4.1, 9.1, 14.2, 14.3, 15.1, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3, 28.3_, 31.1, 32.1_, 32.2

Character: 卻

Modern (Beijing) reading: què

Preclassic Old Chinese: khak

Classic Old Chinese: khak

Western Han Chinese: khak

Eastern Han Chinese: khak

Early Postclassic Chinese: khak

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khak

Late Postclassic Chinese: khak

Middle Chinese: khak

English meaning : to withdraw, refuse, decline [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) вернуть обратно, не принять; отвергнуть, отказать(ся); 2) отступить; вернуться; 3) все же, тем не менее, на самом же деле, однако; 4) как, каким образом; 5) сойти, исчезнуть; 6) снова, еще раз

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 26

Four-angle index: 2087

Karlgren code: 0776 b-c

Vietnamese reading: khu'ó'c

Character: 厚

Modern (Beijing) reading: hòu

Preclassic Old Chinese: gōʔ

Classic Old Chinese: gṓ

Western Han Chinese: gwā́

Eastern Han Chinese: gwā́

Early Postclassic Chinese: gṓw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: gǝ̄̀w

Late Postclassic Chinese: gǝ̄̀w

Middle Chinese: ɣʌ́w

English meaning : be thick, generous

Russian meaning[s]: 1) толстый; толщина; большой; 2) щедрый, гостеприимный; радушный; любезный; великодушный; 3) искренний, честный

Comments: Also read *gōʔ-s, MC ɣʌ̀w (FQ 胡遘) id. For *g- cf. Xiamen, Fuzhou kau⁶, Chaozhou kau⁴, Jianou ke⁸.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 27

Four-angle index: 3057

Karlgren code: 0114 a-d

Go-on: gu

Kan-on: kou

Jianchuan Bai: kɨ̃1

Dali Bai: kɨ1, ko7

Bijiang Bai: qɨ̃1

Character: 叛

Modern (Beijing) reading: pàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: bāns

Classic Old Chinese: bānh

Western Han Chinese: bānh

Eastern Han Chinese: bānh

Early Postclassic Chinese: bā̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: bā̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: bā̀n

Middle Chinese: bwần

English meaning : to desert, revolt [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: возмутиться, взбунтоваться; восстать; изменить; мятеж, бунт

Comments: For *b cf. Xiamen puan⁶, Chaozhou pueŋ⁴, Fuzhou puaŋ⁶, Jianou puiŋ⁸. Pek. pàn is irregular (just as for 畔 q.v.)

Radical: 29

Four-angle index: 5966

Karlgren code: 0181 l