Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *gEŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to walk, walk through

Russian meaning: ходить, проходить через

Old Turkic: kez- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kez- (MK, KB)

Turkish: gez-

Tatar: giz-

Middle Turkic: kéz- (Sangl., MA, Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: kez-

Uighur: g/käz-

Azerbaidzhan: gäz-

Turkmen: gez-

Halaj: käz-

Tofalar: kes-

Kirghiz: kez-

Noghai: kez-

Bashkir: giδ-

Balkar: [kezik 'очередь']

Gagauz: gez-

Karaim: gez-

Karakalpak: gez-

Salar: gez- (Kakuk)

Kumyk: gez-

Comments: VEWT 260, EDT 757, ЭСТЯ 3, 10-11. Cf. also (with -r-) Yak. kerij- 'walk around'. The derived Turk. *geŕik 'turn, order' ( < *'going through') > MMong. kešik (SH), WMong. kesig 'wake, turn' (see TMN 1, 467-468, Clark 1980, 40). The verb itself was also borrowed, cf. WMong. kesü-, Khalkha, Bur. xese-, Dag. kese- 'to wander, roam'.

Proto-Turkic: *geŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 notch of an arrow 2 aim (of a gun)

Russian meaning: 1 насечка на стреле 2 прицел (ружья)

Karakhanid: kez (MK) 1

Turkish: gez 2

Middle Turkic: kez 'arrow shaft' (Abush., Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: gäz 1

Turkmen: gezlik 'small knife'

Tuva: kes 1

Tofalar: kes 1

Kazakh: kez 1

Bashkir: kiδe (dial.) 1

Gagauz: kēz 2

Comments: EDT 756, 760, VEWT 260, ЭСТЯ 5, 20-21, TMN 4, 2-4.

Proto-Turkic: *ger-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to spread out, to hang

Russian meaning: растягивать, вешать

Old Turkic: ker- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ker- (MK, KB)

Turkish: ger-

Tatar: dial. kǝr- (КСТТ)

Middle Turkic: ker- (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ker-

Uighur: ker-

Azerbaidzhan: gär-

Turkmen: ger-

Khakassian: kir-

Oyrat: ker-

Chuvash: kar-

Tuva: xer-

Tofalar: ker-

Kirghiz: ker-

Kazakh: ker-

Noghai: ker-

Bashkir: kir-

Balkar: ker-

Gagauz: ger-

Karaim: ger-

Karakalpak: ker-

Kumyk: ger-

Comments: VEWT 254, EDT 735, ЭСТЯ 3, 23-24.

Proto-Turkic: *gErekü

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 tent, yurt 2 grating of the yurt

Russian meaning: 1 юрта 2 решетка юрты

Old Turkic: kerekü 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kerekü 1 (MK)

Middle Turkic: gerege 2 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: keraga 2

Turkmen: gerege 2

Oyrat: kerege 2

Kirghiz: kerege 2

Kazakh: kerege 2

Noghai: kerege 2

Bashkir: kirägä 2

Karakalpak: kerege 2

Comments: VEWT 255, TMN 3, 592, EDT 744, ЭСТЯ 3, 24-25, Лексика 503.

Proto-Turkic: *gẹrge-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to need 2 necessity, necessary 3 to stay away, dare not

Russian meaning: 1 нуждаться 2 необходимость, необходимый 3 не осмеливаться

Old Turkic: kerge- 1 (OUygh.), kergek 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kerge- 1, kerek 2 (MK, KB)

Turkish: gerek 2

Tatar: kiräk 2

Middle Turkic: kẹrek 2 (Sangl.)

Uzbek: kerak 2

Uighur: keräk 2

Sary-Yughur: kerek 2

Azerbaidzhan: gäräk 2

Turkmen: gerek 2

Khakassian: kirek 2

Shor: kerek 2

Oyrat: kerek 2

Halaj: kerek 2

Chuvash: kir-lǝ 2

Yakut: kerej- 3, kerex 2

Dolgan: kerek 2

Tuva: xerek 2

Tofalar: xerek 2

Kirghiz: kerek 2

Kazakh: kerek 2

Noghai: kerek 2

Bashkir: käräk 2

Balkar: kerek 2

Karaim: kerek 2

Karakalpak: kerek 2

Kumyk: gerek 2

Comments: VEWT 256, EDT 742, 743, ЭСТЯ 3, 25-26, Stachowski 145. Turk. > Mong. kereg (see Щербак 1997, 127).

Proto-Turkic: *gErtme

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: pear

Russian meaning: груша

Turkish: germešik 'cornus sanguinea'

Middle Turkic: kertme 'яблоко, груша' (OKypch.: AH, Houts., CCum.), kirni 'quince'

Noghai: kertpe

Balkar: kertme

Karaim: gertme

Kumyk: gertme

Comments: VEWT 257. Perhaps < *gürt-me, cf. the attested OT (MK-Osm., see EDT 738) kürt 'mountain tree for making bows, Pyrus'; (AH) kürt 'quince'.

Proto-Turkic: *gẹr-tü

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: true, truth

Russian meaning: верный, правда

Old Turkic: kertü, kert-gün- 'believe' (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kertü 'oath, truth', kert-gün- 'believe' (MK, KB)

Turkish: ger-ček

Azerbaidzhan: ger-čäk

Turkmen: ger-ček

Khakassian: kirtǝ-n- 'believe'

Yakut: kirdik, kirǯik

Dolgan: kirdik

Noghai: kerti

Balkar: kerti

Gagauz: ger-ček

Karaim: kerti, ker-ček

Kumyk: gerti

Comments: VEWT 257, EDT 738, 741, ЭСТЯ 3, 28-31, Stachowski 149.

Proto-Turkic: *gErü

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: back

Russian meaning: назад, сзади

Old Turkic: kerü (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kerü (MK)

Turkish: geri

Tatar: kire

Middle Turkic: kerü (MA)

Azerbaidzhan: geri

Kirghiz: keri

Kazakh: keri

Noghai: keri

Balkar: kire

Gagauz: gēri

Karakalpak: keri

Kumyk: geri

Comments: ЭСТЯ 3, 27. Turk. > MMong. geru (SH) 'back side'.

Proto-Turkic: *gErüĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to quarrel, fight, wrestle

Russian meaning: ссориться, драться, бороться

Old Turkic: keriš- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: keriš- (MK), küreš- (MK, KB)

Turkish: güreš-

Tatar: köräš-

Middle Turkic: küreš- (MA), güreš- (Sangl.)

Uzbek: kuraš-

Uighur: küräš-

Azerbaidzhan: güläš-

Turkmen: göreš-

Khakassian: küres-

Shor: küreš-

Oyrat: keriš-, küreš-

Chuvash: kǝreš-

Yakut: küres 'wrestling'

Tuva: xüres-

Tofalar: xireš-, xüreš- ; xire- 'to start a fight'

Kirghiz: keriš-, küröš-

Kazakh: keris-, küres-

Noghai: küres-

Bashkir: köräš-

Balkar: küreš-

Gagauz: güreš-

Karaim: küreš-

Karakalpak: keris-, güres-

Kumyk: küreš- (dial.)

Comments: EDT 747-748, ЭСТЯ 3, 79-81, 5, 50-51, Федотов 1, 280. The peculiar variation of keriš- and küreš- in old sources allows perhaps to reconstruct the original shape *geröĺ-.

Proto-Turkic: *gēb-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to chew

Russian meaning: жевать

Karakhanid: kev- (MK)

Turkish: gev-

Tatar: küšä-

Middle Turkic: keviš 'cud' (MA, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: kawša-

Uighur: köjši-

Azerbaidzhan: göjüš 'cud'

Turkmen: gǟvü-š 'cud'

Khakassian: kipse-n-

Shor: kepže-n-

Oyrat: kepše-

Halaj: kǟviš 'cud'

Chuvash: kavle-

Yakut: kebī-

Tuva: kegže-n-

Tofalar: kegže-

Kirghiz: küj-š-ö-

Kazakh: küjis 'cud'

Noghai: küjze-

Bashkir: köjöš 'cud'

Gagauz: gevše-

Karaim: kövše-n-

Karakalpak: güjse-

Salar: küšä-

Kumyk: güjše-

Comments: VEWT 244, EDT 687, ЭСТЯ 3, 5-7.

Proto-Turkic: *gēč (-e)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 long time 2 late 3 be late 4 night 5 evening 6 yesterday

Russian meaning: 1 долго 2 поздний 3 опаздывать 4 ночь 5 вечер 6 вчера

Old Turkic: keč 1, 2, keč- 3, keče 4, 5 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: keč 1, 2 (KB, MK), keč- 3 (MK), kečä 4, 5 (KB, MK)

Turkish: geč 2, geǯe 4

Tatar: kič 5, kičɛ 5, 6

Middle Turkic: geče 4 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: keča 4, 6

Uighur: käčä 5

Sary-Yughur: kiče 4 (Mal.)

Azerbaidzhan: geǯä 4

Turkmen: gīč 2, gīǯe 4

Khakassian: kiǯē 6

Shor: kečik 5 (Верб.)

Oyrat: keč 2, 5, keče 6

Halaj: kīečä 4

Chuvash: kaś 5

Yakut: kiehe 5

Dolgan: kiehe 5

Tuva: kežē 5

Tofalar: keǯe 5

Kirghiz: keč 2, kečē 4, 5

Kazakh: keš 2, 5, kešä 5, 6

Noghai: keš 2, 5

Bashkir: kis 5, kisä 5, 6

Balkar: keč 5, keče

Gagauz: geǯä 4

Karaim: geǯe 4

Karakalpak: keš 2, 5

Salar: gäǯi 4

Kumyk: geče 4

Comments: VEWT 245, EDT 692-3, 694-5, ЭСТЯ 3, 40-41, 50-51, Лексика 82, Stachowski 147.

Proto-Turkic: *gē(j)t-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to go (away)

Russian meaning: уходить

Old Turkic: ket- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ket/δ- (MK, KB)

Turkish: git-

Tatar: kit-

Middle Turkic: kẹt- (Abush., Sangl., MA)

Uzbek: ket-

Uighur: kät-

Azerbaidzhan: get-

Turkmen: git-

Oyrat: ket- (dial.)

Chuvash: kajt-

Kirghiz: ket-

Kazakh: ket-

Noghai: ket-

Bashkir: kit-

Balkar: ket-

Gagauz: get-

Karaim: ket-

Karakalpak: ket-

Salar: Gī/i- (Kakuk)

Kumyk: get-

Comments: VEWT 258, EDT 701, ЭСТЯ 3, 39-40, 49-50. Vowel length can be reconstructed on indirect evidence (voicing -t- > -d- in forms like Az. gediš 'going away' etc.).

Proto-Turkic: *gēkir-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to belch

Russian meaning: рыгать

Karakhanid: kekir- (MK)

Turkish: gejir-

Tatar: kiker-

Middle Turkic: gegir- (Pav. C.), kekir- (MA)

Uzbek: kekir-

Uighur: keki(r)-

Sary-Yughur: kekirt- (ЯЖУ)

Azerbaidzhan: gäjir-

Turkmen: gǟgir-

Khakassian: kigǝr-

Oyrat: kegir-

Halaj: gǟgür-

Chuvash: kagъr-

Yakut: kegert-

Tuva: keɣir-

Tofalar: keɣir-

Kirghiz: kekir-

Kazakh: kekir-

Noghai: kekir-

Bashkir: kiker-

Balkar: kekir-

Gagauz: gīr-

Karaim: kekir-

Karakalpak: kekir-

Kumyk: kekir-

Comments: VEWT 248, EDT 712, ЭСТЯ 3, 37, Лексика 232.

Proto-Turkic: *gẹ̄mi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: boat

Russian meaning: лодка

Old Turkic: kemi (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kemi (MK, IM)

Turkish: gemi

Tatar: kimɛ

Middle Turkic: keme (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: kema

Uighur: kemä

Azerbaidzhan: gämi

Turkmen: gǟmi

Khakassian: kime

Shor: kebe

Oyrat: keme

Chuvash: kimǝ

Tuva: xeme

Kirghiz: keme

Kazakh: keme

Noghai: keme

Bashkir: kämä

Balkar: keme

Gagauz: gemi

Karaim: gemi

Karakalpak: keme

Salar: kimö

Kumyk: geme

Comments: VEWT 251, TMN 3, 668-669, EDT 721-722, ЭСТЯ 3, 37-38. Turk. > Mong. keme (Щербак 1997, 126).

Proto-Turkic: *gēŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wide

Russian meaning: широкий

Old Turkic: kiŋ (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: keŋ (MK)

Turkish: gen

Tatar: kiŋ

Middle Turkic: kẹŋ (Sangl., Abush., Бор. Бад.), gẹŋ (Sangl.)

Uzbek: keŋ

Uighur: käŋ

Sary-Yughur: keŋ

Azerbaidzhan: gen

Turkmen: gīŋ

Shor: keŋ

Oyrat: keŋ

Halaj: kīeŋg

Yakut: kieŋ

Dolgan: kieŋ

Kirghiz: keŋ

Kazakh: keŋ

Noghai: keŋ

Bashkir: kiŋ

Balkar: keŋ

Karaim: keŋ, ken

Karakalpak: keŋ

Kumyk: geŋ

Comments: EDT 724-725, VEWT 253, EDT 724-725, ЭСТЯ 3, 46-47, Stachowski 147.

Proto-Turkic: *gēp

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: form, example, image

Russian meaning: форма, пример, изображение

Old Turkic: kep ( ~ -i-) (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: keb ( ~ -i-) (MK)

Middle Turkic: käp (AH)

Sary-Yughur: kep

Turkmen: gǟp

Khakassian: kip

Shor: käp

Oyrat: kep

Chuvash: kap

Yakut: kiep

Tuva: xep

Kirghiz: kep

Noghai: kep

Karakalpak: kep

Kumyk: kep

Comments: EDT 686, VEWT 253, ЭСТЯ 5, 44-45 ( > Mong. keb, see Щербак 1997, 127). Bulg. > Old Slav. kapь. Turk. > Hung. kép 'image', see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *gēp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to swell, swollen (of belly) 2 to become pregnant, pregnant 3 to be arrogant, inflated

Russian meaning: 1 пухнуть (о животе) 2 беременеть, беременная 3 чваниться, важничать

Turkish: gebe 2

Tatar: kǝpǝr-, kǝprǝj- 3

Middle Turkic: gebe 2 (Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: gäbiz `constipation'

Turkmen: gǟbe 1

Chuvash: kabar 'insatiable, gluttonous'

Yakut: kiebir- 3

Tuva: xever- 1

Kirghiz: kebeǯe, keber 1

Kazakh: kebeže 1

Bashkir: kǝpǝj- 1, kǝprǝj- 3

Gagauz: gebe 2

Karakalpak: kep-, gebeže 1

Comments: ЭСТЯ 3, 36. The root is partially confused (and contaminated) with *gebre- 'to die, corpse' (v. sub *kăpi).

Proto-Turkic: *gēt-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to indent, notch, crack

Russian meaning: делать зарубку, надрез

Karakhanid: ked- (OKypch., AH)

Turkish: get-

Tatar: kit-

Middle Turkic: ket- (MA)

Uzbek: ketük (n.)

Turkmen: gǟt-

Halaj: kǟtük `indent'

Chuvash: kat-

Kirghiz: ket-

Kazakh: ketik (n.)

Noghai: ketik (n.)

Bashkir: kit-

Karakalpak: ketik (n.)

Comments: VEWT 259, ЭСТЯ 3, 30-31, 5, 65-66, EDT 700-701.

Proto-Turkic: *gīr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to enter

Russian meaning: входить

Old Turkic: kir- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kir- (MK, KB)

Turkish: gir-

Tatar: ker-

Middle Turkic: kir- (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: kir-

Uighur: kir-

Sary-Yughur: ker-

Azerbaidzhan: gir-

Turkmen: gīr-

Khakassian: kǝr-

Shor: kir-

Oyrat: kir-

Chuvash: kǝr-

Yakut: kīr-

Dolgan: kīr-

Tuva: kir-

Tofalar: kir-

Kirghiz: kir-

Kazakh: kir-

Noghai: kir-

Bashkir: ker-

Balkar: kir-

Gagauz: gir-

Karaim: kir-

Karakalpak: kir-

Salar: kir- (ССЯ)

Kumyk: gir-

Comments: VEWT 271, EDT 735-736, ЭСТЯ 3, 47-48, Stachowski 149.

Proto-Turkic: *gīŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 a k. of box 2 to hide 3 mystery

Russian meaning: 1 вид ящика 2 прятать 3 тайна

Karakhanid: kiz 1, kizle- 2 (MK)

Turkish: gizle- 2, giz 3

Azerbaidzhan: gizlä- 2

Turkmen: gīzle- 2

Yakut: kistē- 2

Dolgan: kistē- 2

Comments: EDT 756, 760, VEWT 273, ЭСТЯ 3, 43, Stachowski 149.