Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *saj-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to slander, lie 2 slander, lie

Russian meaning: 1 клеветать, лгать 2 клевета, ложь

Uzbek: sajiɣ 'delirium'

Khakassian: sajɣa- 1, sajɣax 2

Oyrat: sajɣaq 2

Chuvash: soj- 1, soj 2

Karakalpak: saj- 1

Comments: VEWT 395, ЭСТЯ 7, Ашм. XI, 160.

Proto-Turkic: *sAj-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to pierce

Russian meaning: прокалывать, вонзать

Old Turkic: saj- (OUygh.)

Uighur: saj-

Shor: saj-

Oyrat: saj-

Kirghiz: saj-

Comments: VEWT 400, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *saja-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be rare, thinned out

Russian meaning: быть редким, прореженным

Tatar: sajɨq- (dial.) 'to become rare', sajaq 'rare'

Khakassian: saja-

Oyrat: saja-

Chuvash: sojak (dial.) 'bastard'

Bashkir: hajaq 'rare' (dial.)

Comments: VEWT 395, TMN 3, 306, ЭСТЯ 7. The root is not widely attested, but its likely derivative is *saja-k 'young male horses separated from the herd; lonely man, wanderer', spread much wider (see ЭСТЯ 7). Chuv. sojak definitely reflects the same form and is not borrowed from Mar. sajak, but rather vice versa, despite Федотов 2, 53.

Proto-Turkic: *saka

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: foot of the mountain

Russian meaning: подножье горы

Karakhanid: saqa (MK)

Kazakh: saɣa

Comments: VEWT 396, EDT 805, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sakak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 place between the neck and the chin 2 gills 3 beard, barb (of axe)

Russian meaning: 1 место между шеей и подбородком 2 жабры 3 бородка (топора)

Karakhanid: saqaq (MK) 1

Turkish: sakak 1

Tatar: saɣaq 3

Middle Turkic: saqaq 1 (Abush., Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: saqaq 1 (dial.)

Turkmen: saqaq 1

Oyrat: saɣanaq 3

Chuvash: suɣa, saɣa (Anatri), polъ soɣalъ (Viryal) 2

Kirghiz: saɣaq 1

Kazakh: saɣaq 1

Bashkir: haɣaq 3

Balkar: saɣaq 2

Karakalpak: saɣaq 1, 2

Comments: EDT 807-808, ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 220-222, Федотов 2, 68, Ашм. IX, 279, XI, 216. There is some confusion between this root and *saŋak (v. sub *seŋa). Turk. > WMong. saɣaɣ, Kalm. saɣǝg (KW 308). PT *sakkal 'beard' (full list of reflexes see in ЭСТЯ 7) is a probable derivative ( > MMong. (SH) saɣal, WMong. saqal, Kalm. saxǝl, KW 308; > Hung. szakál, see Gombocz 1912; Mong. > Evk. sakal etc., see Doerfer MT 100).

Proto-Turkic: *sakanak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: ends of sticks in tent framework

Russian meaning: концы палочек, составляющих решетку юрты

Kirghiz: saqanaq

Kazakh: saɣanaq

Karakalpak: saɣanaq

Comments: ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 505 (Turk. > Kalm. saɣǝnǝG id.). Cf. also Tuva saq 'end of bow', Old Turk. saq id. (ЭСТЯ 7).

Proto-Turkic: *sạk(ɨ)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 aware 2 be aware, protect

Russian meaning: 1 осторожный, бдительный 2 быть осторожным, беречь(ся)

Karakhanid: saq 1, saqɨn- 2 (MK)

Turkish: sak, sax 1 (dial.), sakɨn- 2

Tatar: saq 1

Middle Turkic: saqɨn- 2 (Houts.) , saqin- 2 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sɔɣ 1 (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: saqa 1, saq-, saqɨ- 2

Turkmen: saq 1,2

Khakassian: sax 1, saɣɨ- 'to wait'

Oyrat: saqɨ- 2

Chuvash: sɨɣъ 'guard'

Tuva: sa'ɣɨ- 2

Kirghiz: saq 1

Noghai: saq 1

Bashkir: haq 1

Balkar: saq 1

Gagauz: saq 1, saqɨn- 2

Karaim: saqɨn- 2

Karakalpak: saq 1

Kumyk: saq 1

Comments: VEWT 395-6. Turk. > WMong. saɣ, Kalm. sag (KW 307).

Proto-Turkic: *sakɨŕ / *sagɨŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: gum, resin

Russian meaning: смола, мастика

Karakhanid: saɣɨz, saqɨz (MK)

Turkish: sakɨz

Tatar: saɣɨz

Middle Turkic: saqɨz (IM, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: saɣiz

Uighur: seɣiz

Azerbaidzhan: saɣɣɨz

Turkmen: saqɨz

Khakassian: sās

Oyrat: saŋɨs

Chuvash: soɣъr

Yakut: ɨas

Dolgan: ɨas

Tuva: sāt

Kirghiz: saɣɨz

Kazakh: saɣɨz

Noghai: saɣɨz

Bashkir: haɣɨz

Gagauz: saqɨz

Karaim: saqɨz

Karakalpak: saɣɨz

Kumyk: saɣɨz

Comments: EDT 817-818, VEWT 396, Лексика 117-118, ЭСТЯ 7, Федотов 2, 70, Stachowski 258. Cf. also *sakɨŕ 'clay' (Лексика 375, ЭСТЯ 7 ibid.). MK glosses saɣɨz as 'gum, resin', and saqɨz as 'any viscous substance', so a merger of two original roots is not excluded.

Proto-Turkic: *sakɨrtka

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tick

Russian meaning: клещ

Karakhanid: saqɨrqu (MK)

Turkish: sakɨrɣa, dial. saɣra

Middle Turkic: saqurɣa (AH)

Sary-Yughur: saqɨrtqɨ, saqartqɨ, saqatqɨ

Turkmen: saqɨrtGa

Khakassian: saɣartxɨ

Shor: sartqa

Oyrat: sartqa

Yakut: saχsɨrɣa 'fly'

Tuva: sarɣɨ

Noghai: qasartqɨ

Gagauz: saqɨrɣa

Kumyk: qasartqɨ

Comments: VEWT 396, Лексика 183, EDT 816.

Proto-Turkic: *sal-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to put, throw 2 to drop, lower 3 tax 4 heavy

Russian meaning: 1 класть, кидать 2 опускать 3 налог 4 тяжелый

Old Turkic: sal- 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: sal- 1,2 (MK, KB)

Turkish: sal- 1, salgɨn 3

Tatar: sal- 1, sal-ɨm 3

Middle Turkic: sal- 1 (Pav. C., Abush.)

Uzbek: sɔl- 1

Uighur: sa(l)- 1

Sary-Yughur: sal- 1, salɨɣ 4

Azerbaidzhan: sal- 2

Turkmen: sal- 1

Khakassian: sal- 1, salɨm 4

Shor: sal- 1

Oyrat: sal- 1

Halaj: sal- 1

Chuvash: sol- 1, solъm 'heaviness'

Tuva: sal- 1

Tofalar: sal- 1

Kirghiz: sal- 1

Kazakh: sal- 1

Noghai: sal- 1

Bashkir: hal- 1

Balkar: sal- 1

Gagauz: sal- 1

Karaim: sal- 1

Karakalpak: sal- 1

Salar: sal- 1

Kumyk: sal- 1

Comments: VEWT 397, EDT 824, Федотов 2, 57, ЭСТЯ 7. Several derivatives with a velar suffix are used in Turk. for denoting downward motion or hanging: cf. OT salɨɣ 'taxes', Kirgh. salɨq 'taxes; hanging down, limp'; SUygh. salɨɣ 'heavy'; Tur. salkɨ 'weak, lax', Kirgh. salqɨ, Uzb. sɔlqi- 'be loose, hang down' (see TMN 3, 265-266, ЭСТЯ 7).

Proto-Turkic: *sal-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to quarrel, dislike, swear 2 bad influence, bad consequence

Russian meaning: 1 ссориться, ругаться 2 дурное влияние, плохие последствия

Karakhanid: salɣa 'a restive horse' (MK)

Khakassian: salčɨ- 1

Chuvash: sol- 'to damn'

Tuva: saldar 2

Kirghiz: saldar 2

Kazakh: sal 'a quarrelsome person', salɨs- 1, saldar 2

Karakalpak: saldar 2

Comments: EDT 826, Федотов 2, 57, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *salma / *salŋu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sling 2 horse noose 3 snare 4 button hole

Russian meaning: 1 праща 2 аркан 3 силок 4 петля для пуговицы

Karakhanid: salŋu (MK) 1

Middle Turkic: salma 3 (Pav. C.)

Uighur: salma 4

Khakassian: salba 1 (Sag.)

Halaj: salɣọ 1

Chuvash: solъ 'bracelet'

Kirghiz: salmōr 1

Kazakh: salma 'ornamental bands in a yurt'

Bashkir: halmawɨr 1

Comments: VEWT 399, EDT 827, Ашм. XI, 174. Usually derived from *sal- 'put' or *sal-ɨn- 'hang, droop' - all very dubious semantically. With other suffixes cf. perhaps Uzb. sɔldɔw 'tug', Tuva saldɨrɨk 'belt shaped as a loop'

Proto-Turkic: *sAm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 a complicated affair with no obvious way out 2 to be sad, tired 3 to rave 4 fool

Russian meaning: 1 затруднительное дело, положение 2 быть печальным, усталым 3 бредить 4 глупец

Karakhanid: samurtuɣ 1 (MK)

Turkmen: samra- 3, samsɨq 4

Oyrat: samzɨl- 2

Comments: EDT 830.

Proto-Turkic: *samala ?

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tar

Russian meaning: деготь

Middle Turkic: samla, samala (MA, AH, CCum.)

Chuvash: sъʷmala

Comments: VEWT 399. It is also worth noting Bashk. humalaq 'lump of clay' and Tat. sumala 'tar' (possibly < Chuv.). Федотов 2, 23-24. The word is attested quite late and is usually regarded as borrowed < Russ. смола. This might be true, but let us note that no other Russian words were hitherto discovered in Chagatai.

Proto-Turkic: *sAmar

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sack, saddle pack 2 big wooden vessel

Russian meaning: 1 вьючный мешок 2 большой деревянный сосуд

Middle Turkic: samar 1 (Pav. C.)

Yakut: ampara 'налуч (колчан)' (Пек.) ?

Kazakh: samar 2

Bashkir: hamar 2

Karakalpak: samar 2

Comments: VEWT 399.

Proto-Turkic: *sAŋak / -at

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 gills 2 place on neck where the jaw ends 3 beard, barb (of axe)

Russian meaning: 1 жабры 2 место на шее, где заканчивается челюсть 3 бородка (топора)

Tatar: saŋaq 1, (dial.) 3

Oyrat: saŋat, saŋɨt 2

Tuva: sā̃t 2

Noghai: saŋɣaq 1

Bashkir: haŋaq (dial.) 3

Comments: ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 222. There is some confusion between this root and *sakak q. v. sub *šek`a.

Proto-Turkic: *saŋk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bird dung

Russian meaning: птичий помет

Karakhanid: saŋ (MK)

Turkish: sank

Middle Turkic: saŋq (B)

Kirghiz: zaŋ; saŋɣɨt- 'to defecate'

Kazakh: saŋɣɨ- 'to defecate'

Comments: EDT 831, VEWT 401, Лексика 150-151, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sạp

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: handle

Russian meaning: рукоятка, ручка

Karakhanid: sap (MK)

Turkish: sap

Tatar: sap

Middle Turkic: sap (AH, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sɔp

Uighur: sap

Sary-Yughur: sap

Azerbaidzhan: sap

Turkmen: sap

Khakassian: sap

Oyrat: sap

Chuvash: sɨbъ

Yakut: up

Dolgan: up

Tuva: sɨ'p

Kirghiz: sap

Kazakh: sap

Noghai: sap

Bashkir: hap

Balkar: sap

Gagauz: sap

Karaim: sap

Karakalpak: sap

Kumyk: sap

Comments: EDT 782, Лексика 119, ЭСТЯ 7, Stachowski 245.

Proto-Turkic: *sạp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to thread a needle 2 needle

Russian meaning: вдевать нитку, протыкать

Old Turkic: sap- (OUygh.) 'to graft'

Karakhanid: sap- (MK) 1

Tatar: sap-

Middle Turkic: sap- (R) 1, sap (Pav. C.) 2

Uzbek: sap- (dial.)

Uighur: sap-

Azerbaidzhan: sap 2

Turkmen: sap- 1, sap 2

Halaj: sap 2

Chuvash: sɨp-

Kazakh: sap-

Bashkir: hap-

Karaim: sap-

Comments: EDT 784, VEWT 401-402. Turk. > Bur. hab 'sinew thread' (unattested Mong. sab > Yak. sap 'thread').

Proto-Turkic: *sap-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to leave the way, go astray, deviate 2 sideway 3 dodge, trick

Russian meaning: 1 уходить с дороги, отклоняться 2 окольная дорога 3 уловка, трюк

Turkish: sap- 1

Tatar: sap- 1

Middle Turkic: sap- 1 (AH, CCum.) , sapa 'deviating' (Pav. C.), sapaq 2 (Vam.)

Azerbaidzhan: sap- 1

Turkmen: sap 3, sap- 'to change'

Chuvash: sup- 1

Kazakh: sap- 1

Gagauz: sap- 1

Comments: VEWT 402, EDT 784, ЭСТЯ 7, Ашм. XI, 187, Федотов 2, 64.