Altaic etymology : Query result

Proto-Altaic: *ségì ( ~ z-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to litter, mat

Russian meaning: подстилать, циновка

Mongolian: *seg-l-

Tungus-Manchu: *seg-

Korean: *skắr-

Japanese: *sík-

Comments: Cf. *sík`e.

Proto-Altaic: *segsV

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: nape, back of head

Russian meaning: затылок, задняя часть головы

Turkic: *sügsün

Mongolian: *segseji- / *sogsoji-

Tungus-Manchu: *sekse-

Comments: Лексика 235. A Western isogloss. Turk. *sügsün < *segsün through vowel assimilation.

Proto-Altaic: *segu

Meaning: a k. of small fur animal

Russian meaning: вид мелкого пушного животного

Turkic: *sogur ( ~ -a-)

Mongolian: *sowsar

Tungus-Manchu: *segep(ke)

Comments: A Western isogloss. Mong. *sowsar < *saɣu-sar, with labial attraction.

Proto-Altaic: *sejŋi

Meaning: relative by marriage

Russian meaning: свойственник

Turkic: *siŋil

Tungus-Manchu: *seŋgi

Korean: *sjā'òŋ

Japanese: *sai ( ~ sia)

Comments: KW 328. MKor. also has sjǝ̄'ǝ́r 'bastard' which may be related to the same root. The Jpn. form presupposes a suffixed *sejŋ(i)-gV ( = TM *seŋgi).

Proto-Altaic: *séjra ( ~ z-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: three, a three-part object

Russian meaning: три, трехчастный предмет

Mongolian: *sereɣe

Korean: *sǝ̄ih

Japanese: *sárápí

Comments: SKE 225, PKE 171. Medial *-j- is reconstructed to account for loss of *-r- in Kor. Cf. perhaps also Man. sertej 'three-lipped, having a harelip'; MKor. sǝ̀hɨ̀rǝ̀i, mod. s:ǝre 'rake, harrow' ( = Mong. *sereɣe).

Proto-Altaic: *sèjV

Meaning: thin, rare

Russian meaning: тонкий, редкий

Turkic: *sedre- ( < *sej-re-)

Mongolian: *seji-

Tungus-Manchu: *sēr

Korean: *sǝ́ri

Japanese: *sài- ( ~ *sià-)

Comments: Владимирцов 282, Мудрак Дисс. 101, ЭСТЯ 7, TMN 3, 308-309. Despite Щербак 1997, 144 not borrowed in Mong. < Turk.

Proto-Altaic: *sèk`u

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to preserve, be aware

Russian meaning: сохранять, наблюдать

Turkic: *sạk(ɨ)-

Mongolian: *saki-

Tungus-Manchu: *sexu-

Korean: *sàkí-

Japanese: *sùk-

Comments: KW 318. Mong. is hardly borrowed from Turk., despite TMN 3, 218-219, Щербак 1997, 144. Korean has a usual "verbal" low tone. Cf. *si̯ā́k`a. {For Jap. *sùk- cf. alternatively PT *suk 'greed, envy, greedy'.}

Proto-Altaic: *sela ( ~ -o)

Meaning: bolt, hinge

Russian meaning: защелка, петля

Turkic: *salma / *salŋu

Mongolian: *silbi-

Tungus-Manchu: *selu-(mi)-

Japanese: *saru

Comments: A common Altaic derivative *sela-mV is reflected in PTM *selu-mi-, PT *sal-ma and possibly (with denasalization) in Mong. *sil-bi-.

Proto-Altaic: *sèĺbò ( ~ z-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: oar, spoon

Russian meaning: весло, черпак, ложка

Mongolian: *selbi-ɣür

Korean: *súr

Japanese: *sànsì

Comments: A Chinese origin of Kor. súr, suggested in Martin 1996, 92, is quite improbable.

Proto-Altaic: *séle ( ~ z-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: mutually

Russian meaning: взаимно

Mongolian: *selü-

Korean: *sǝ̀rɨ̀

Japanese: *sǝ́rǝ́-p-

Comments: KW 322.

Proto-Altaic: *sĕme (-a)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: fat

Russian meaning: жир

Turkic: *semiŕ

Mongolian: *semǯi

Tungus-Manchu: *semesik

Korean: *sam

Comments: EAS 71, KW 323, Poppe 29, Дыбо 14. It is interesting to note OJ same-nuri 'a way of applying varnish' (if same- here is not = sama- 'to fade'). Despite Poppe 1974, 120, *-ǯi in Mong. is a quite common suffix (see Poppe 1973, 234) and the Mong. form can hardly be regarded as borrowed < Turkic (Clark 1980, 39 says that the case "defies explanation" (as a borrowing); likewise, the TM forms are difficult to explain as borrowed < Mong.

Proto-Altaic: *sèmpa ( ~ z-, -o)

Meaning: rust

Russian meaning: ржавчина

Tungus-Manchu: *septu / * semtu

Japanese: *sàmp(u)ì

Comments: Miller 1985, 151. A Tung.-Jpn. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *sĕ̀ni

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: heel, ankle

Russian meaning: пятка, щиколотка

Turkic: *sinčök ( ~ -e-)

Tungus-Manchu: *seńu-

Korean: *sín

Comments: In Mong. cf. siɣaqai 'slippers' (if not < siɣa 'knuckle bone').

Proto-Altaic: *seŋa ( ~ -o, -u)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: fringe, hair lock

Russian meaning: бахрома, локон

Turkic: *sAŋak / -at

Mongolian: *saŋ-

Tungus-Manchu: *seŋne

Comments: Лексика 222. A Western isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *sĕpo

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to throw, scatter

Russian meaning: бросать, разбрасывать

Turkic: *sabur-

Mongolian: *sib-

Tungus-Manchu: *sebu-

Korean: *supuk-

Comments: Cf. *săp`í, *sapV (with a possibility of partial mergers).

Proto-Altaic: *sepV

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: inner fat, entrails

Russian meaning: внутренний жир, кишки

Mongolian: *sebe-sü

Tungus-Manchu: *sebe

Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss. Cf. perhaps mod. Turkic forms like Turk. suǯuq 'entrail' etc. - perhaps < PT *sab-čuk.

Proto-Altaic: *sép`à

Meaning: to grip

Russian meaning: хватать

Mongolian: *siɣü(re)-

Tungus-Manchu: *sepe-

Japanese: *sápár-

Comments: Мудрак Дисс. 41. Cf. *ši̯op`a.

Proto-Altaic: *sep`a ( ~ -o)

Meaning: to wave, sway

Russian meaning: махать, качаться

Turkic: *sapɨ-

Mongolian: *sebe-

Tungus-Manchu: *sep-

Comments: A Western isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *sèp`ó

Meaning: side, inner side

Russian meaning: сторона, внутренняя сторона

Mongolian: *saba

Korean: *sōp

Japanese: *sǝ̀mpá

Comments: The etymology seems to be satisfactory both phonetically and semantically.

Proto-Altaic: *sèp`ù ( ~ š-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: stick, rod

Russian meaning: палка, прут

Turkic: *sạp

Mongolian: *sibsi-rga

Japanese: *sùpà-dai

Comments: Originally opposed to *sắp`í q. v. as a long twig or stick with a handle (used for punishment etc.).