Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *ŕɔŋ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: hand

Ket: ĺoŋ [Werner 2, 9: ĺaʔŋ]

Yug: ĺɔŋ

Arin: lan-t́ūŋ (M., Kl.), ĺan-puj (Лоск.) 'wing'

Comments: Werner 1, 221 compares the word with d́a- in Kott. d́a-thi 'to whip' which is quite dubious.

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ŕVŋHV

Meaning: hand, bone

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Sino-Tibetan: *răH ?

Yenisseian: *ŕɔŋ

Burushaski: *-reŋ

Basque: *ar̄ae

Comments and references : For phonology cf. Bsq. *(e)-kee 'smoke' (94) < PSC *ḳwɨ̆́ŋħV (182).

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *răH

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: a k. of bone

Chinese: 呂 *rhaʔ spine.

Tibetan: gra-ma bones or skeleton of a fish

Kachin: nra¹ a bone.

Comments: Coblin 138.

Chinese characters :

Character: 呂

Modern (Beijing) reading: lǚ

Preclassic Old Chinese: rhaʔ

Classic Old Chinese: rhá

Western Han Chinese: rhá

Eastern Han Chinese: rhá

Early Postclassic Chinese: lhó

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lhó

Late Postclassic Chinese: lhó

Middle Chinese: lö́

English meaning : backbone; pitch-pipe [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) древн. позвоночник, см. 膂; 2) муз. минорные лады; 3) Люй (древнее княжество); 4) Люй (фамилия)

Comments: For *rh- cf. Xiamen lu⁶, Chaozhou lɨ⁴.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1444

Karlgren code: 0076 a-c

Chinese Dialects :

Number: 347

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 呂

MC description : 遇合三上語來

ZIHUI: 0712 0954

Beijing: ly 2

Jinan: ly 2

Xi'an: ly 2

Taiyuan: ly 2

Hankou: y 2

Chengdu: ny 2

Yangzhou: ly 2

Suzhou: li 32 (lit.); ly 32

Wenzhou: lo_y 22

Changsha: nei 2

Shuangfeng: ny 2

Nanchang: ly 2

Meixian: li 11

Guangzhou: lö_y 22

Xiamen: lu 32

Chaozhou: lɨ 22

Fuzhou: ly 2

Shanghai: ly 32

Zhongyuan yinyun: liu 2

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *-reŋ

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: hand

Yasin: -rén

Hunza: -rī́ŋ

Nagar: -rī́ŋ

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *ar̄ae

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 palm (of hand) 2 span (measure)

Araban: arra 2

Bizkaian: esku-arre 1, arra 2, (Markina) arraa 1, 2

Gipuzkoan: arrae, arra 2

High Navarrese: arra 2

Salazarese: esku-arrai 1

Lapurdian: esku-arre 1

Comments: A western Bsq isogloss, opposed to eastern *senhe ‘span’ (q.v.). *ar̄ae < *a-r̄ãe, with the same kind of loss of nasal as in *(e-)kee 'smoke' < *(e-)kẽe, and other similar cases.

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : RVNV

Meaning : bone

Sino-Caucasian : *rVŋHV

Austric : ? *ʔrVŋ 'horn' (confusion with *ʔlVŋ 'bone')

Reference : GE 57 *ruŋ (with much confusion in Austric and SC).

Austric etymology :

Proto-Austric: *ʔlVŋ

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Proto-Austroasiatic: *rɨeŋ

Austroasiatic meaning: horn

Proto-Austronesian: *Cuqelaŋ (cf. also *(q)uReŋ 'horn', Blust 1973?)

Austronesian meaning: bone

Austro-Asiatic etymology :

Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *rɨeŋ

Meaning: horn

Austric etymology: Austric etymology

Proto-Bahnaric: *riaŋ

Proto-Vietic: *rɨ:ŋ, kh-

Proto-Monic: *raŋ

Khasi: reŋ

References: VHL 347; S-204

Bahnar etymology :

Proto-Bahnaric: *riaŋ

Meaning: tooth

Presyllable: Cǝ-

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Bahnar: greŋ

Bahnar meaning: fangs, eye teeth

Proto-North Bahnaric: *riaŋ.T, Cǝ-

References: SPT

North Bahnaric etymology :

Proto-North-Bahnaric: *riaŋ.T, Cǝ-

Meaning: tooth

Bahnaric etymology: Bahnaric etymology

Rengao form: griaŋ.T ? < BAH

Rengao meaning: canine tooth

Jeh form: driaŋ.T

Jeh meaning: fangs

Viet-Muong etymology :

Proto-Viet-Muong: *rɨ:ŋ, kh-

Meaning: horn

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Vietnamese: sù'ng

Thomon: thɨŋ.434

Tum: khlǝŋ.21

Monic etymology :

Proto-Monic: *raŋ

Meaning: horn

Presyllable: dǝ-

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Modern Mon: draŋ, graŋ

Old Mon: draŋ

Middle Mon: draŋ

Nyakur: craŋ.B

Nyakur meaning: horn

References: N125; S-204

Palaung-Wa etymology :

Proto-Palaung-Wa:

Meaning: horn

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Proto-Wa: *ruŋ, ʔ-

Proto-Plang: *rhɨŋ

Riang: rǝŋ.2, km-

Riang meaning: horns

Proto-Angku: *grǝŋ

Lamet: krɨŋ.1 horn

Wa etymology :

Proto-Wa:

Meaning: horn

Palaung-Wa etymology: Palaung-Wa etymology

Paraok: ruŋ

Paraok meaning: horn

Wa: ruŋ

Wa meaning: horn

Ava: rauŋ

Lawa: ɣǝoŋ

Lawa meaning: horn

Um: rǝŋ, ʔ*

Wa (dial.): ruŋ.1

Wa (dial.) meaning: horn

References: D-131: *ʔreŋ

Plang etymology :

Proto-Plang: *rhɨŋ

Meaning: horn

Palaung-Wa etymology: Palaung-Wa etymology

Bulang: xǝŋ.1

Bulang meaning: horn

Bulang-1: hǝŋ.33 khak.55

Bulang-1 meaning: horn

Konto: rɨŋ.1

Konto meaning: horn

Samtao (Paulsen): rhuŋ.1

Samtao (Paulsen) meaning: horn

Samtao (Diffloth): rǝŋ.1

Samtao (Diffloth) meaning: horn

References: P-111: *rǝŋ.1

Angku etymology :

Proto-Angku: *grǝŋ

Meaning: horn

Palaung-Wa etymology: Palaung-Wa etymology

Pangpin: krǝk.55

Shuangdiang: krǝ.33

Gantang: krǝk.55

Yongde: krak moi.51

Mang'an: krǝk.55

U: kɨʔ.2 I??

Huq: kɣǝŋ.55

Khamet: kǝŋ.55

Khme: keŋ.55

References: WW-160; S-114

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