Uralic etymology :

Number: 1688

Proto: *ura

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: way, path

German meaning: Weg, Pfad

Finnish: ura 'Weg, Pfad, Bahn' ?

Saam (Lapp): (oarre (N) 'porus, foramen' - rejected by Redei)

Mordovian: ur-kškä (M) 'schmaler Fußsteig' ? (Redei lists also uraza (M) 'gestreift (von Schweinen)' - ?? - SAS)

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *ʔur(H)V

Meaning: road

Borean: Borean

Uralic: *ura

Kartvelian: *xer-

Dravidian: *oṛ-uŋk-; also *vaṛ- 1725; SDr *ār_- 'way, road, path'

References: ND 77 *ʔu/orVqV 'path, way' (but Turk. has to be kept apart). Dolg. compares also Sem. *ʔuraχ- 'road'; cf. also PEC *ħarχi 'trip, march' ?; ND 2531a *wAŕV 'way, road' (Drav. *vaṛ- + SH); 2602a *χArV 'tracks, road' - at least two roots, but difficult to sort out.

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *xer-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: вести, прокладывать путь

English meaning: to lead, to make way

Georgian: m-xer-v-al- 'leading', sa-xer-v-el- 'rudder, steering oar'

Megrel: xar-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): прокладывать след на снегу

Megrel meaning (Eng.): to make way in the snow

Laz: xar-

Laz meaning (Rus.): шаг

Laz meaning (Eng.): step

Notes and references: EWK 547.

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *oẓ-uŋk-

Meaning : lane, path

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *oẓ-uŋk-

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *oẓ-uŋk-

Meaning : lane, path

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : oẓuŋkai

Tamil meaning : lane, alley

Kannada : orŋku

Kannada meaning : (Hav.) narrow path between two walls in a garden (< Tu.)

Tulu : orŋku, orụŋkụ

Tulu meaning : lane, footpath

Number in DED : 1014

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : HVRV

Meaning : road

Eurasiatic : *ʔur(H)V

Afroasiatic : *(ʔa-)wVr- (+ Sem. *ʔuraχ-); also *ħar- (Ar., Berb., Chad.)

Sino-Caucasian : PEC *ħarχi 'trip, march' (or *Hrēm(x)q̇_ĭ 'road'?)

Reference : ND 77, 2531a, 2602a.

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *(ʔa-)wVr-

Meaning: road

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *ʔurim- (<*ʔury-am-?) 'a big stone indicating a road in the desert' 1, 'road' 2

Egyptian: wꜣ(y).t (< *wVry-?) 'road; street; side'

Western Chadic: *ʔaraw- ~ *war- 'road'

East Chadic: *ʔVwr- 'road'

High East Cushitic: *ʔor- 'road'

South Cushitic: *ʔuruw- 'path, way'

Omotic: *wor-at- 'road'

Semitic etymology :

Number: 462

Proto-Semitic: *ʔurim- (<*ʔury-am-?)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'a big stone indicating a road in the desert' 1, 'road' 2

Arabic: ʔirm- 1 'grosse pierre destinée à indiquer le chemin dans le desert'

Mehri: wōrem, def. pl. ḥ-āyrēm 2

Jibbali: ʔɔrm, def. pl. ḥ-āyrēm 2

Harsusi: ḥ-ōrǝm, pl. ḥ-áyrɛ́m 2

Soqotri: ʔórim 2 LS 75

Egyptian etymology :

Old Egyptian: wꜣ(y).t (< *wVry-?)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'road; side; street'

Coptic: *wāʔiy-at Vyc 231

Notes: Unless <*waʔ-.

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *ʔaraw- ~ *war-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'road'

Mupun: ár(è) [FrM]

Sura: ár [JgS]

Angas: ar [Fl]

Ankwe=Goemai: war [Fp]

Kulere: ʔáṛaw [JgR]

East Chadic etymology :

Proto-EChadic: *ʔVwr-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'road'

Bidiya: ʔóorà [JBid]

High East Cushitic etymology :

Proto-High East Cushitic: *ʔor-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'road'

Darasa (Gedeo): ora

South Cushitic etymology :

Proto-South Cushitic: *ʔuruw-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'path, way'

Alagwa (Wasi): Gor uruwa

Omotic etymology :

Proto-Omotic: *wor-at-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'road'

Mocha: worato

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