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Uralic etymology :

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Number: 1631
Proto: *šara
> Nostratic: > Nostratic
English meaning: harrow; rake
German meaning: Egge; Rechen, Harke
Finnish: hara 'Schwendegge', haraa- 'eggen, rechen; dreggen, fischen', harava 'Rechen, Harke', haravoi- 'harken, rechen' ( > Saam. N hārab ~ hārad ̆ hārak 'rake, rake-like implement'); ? hara 'Hasenscharte'; haara 'Ast, Zweig'
Estonian: haro, haru, dial. ara 'Abzweigung, Zweig, Zacke, Zinke, Rechen'
Mari (Cheremis): šarǝ̑m-panδǝ̑ (J) 'Rechen, Harke', šor-wonδo (M), šor-monδo, šorǝ̑m-wonδo id.
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-mar,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *CVrV
Meaning: to scratch
Altaic: *či̯ŭru ( ~ -a) (or *č`iŕV)
Uralic: *šara ? (cf. also *serV 'to comb')
Kartvelian: *crec- (or *ć̣er- 231, *čxer- 289)
Dravidian: *Cīr- (+ Kann. cīraṇa 'small chisel')
Comments: Cf. *SUrV.
References: ND 365 *c̣iryV 'scratch/chisel' (Kartv. *ć̣er- + Alt. *č`iŕV + Kann. + ?Sem. *c̣ūr-/*c̣īr- 'fashion, shape'); ND 406 *č[i]GRV 'stop up, thrust' (Kartv. čxer- + Mong. čirɣa- + Sem.). Certainly more than one root, but hard to sort out.
nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *či̯ŭru ( ~ -a)
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: to scratch
Russian meaning: царапать, скрести
Turkic: *dɨrŋa-k
Tungus-Manchu: *ǯurū-, *ǯura-n
Korean: *čūr
Comments: АПиПЯЯ 281,13; Дыбо 311-312, 323-324. Despite Doerfer MT 77, the TM forms are hardly borrowed from Mong. ǯiru-, which happens to have a quite different origin (see *ńi̯ăŕe). Cf. also *č`iŕV.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *dɨrŋa-k
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: finger-nail, claw
Russian meaning: ноготь, коготь
Old Turkic: tɨrŋaq (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: tɨrŋaq (MK, KB)
Turkish: tɨrnak
Tatar: tɨrnaq
Middle Turkic: tɨrŋaq/tɨrŋaɣ (Sangl.)
Uzbek: tirnɔq
Uighur: tirnaq
Sary-Yughur: dǝrmaq
Azerbaidzhan: dɨrnaG
Turkmen: dɨrnaq
Khakassian: tɨrɣax
Shor: tɨrɣaq
Oyrat: tɨrGaq
Halaj: tɨrnaq
Chuvash: čǝrne
Yakut: tɨŋɨrax
Dolgan: tɨŋɨrak
Tuva: dɨrɣaq
Tofalar: dɨrɣaq 'comb'
Kirghiz: tɨrnaq
Kazakh: tɨrnaq
Noghai: tɨrnaq
Bashkir: tɨrnaq
Balkar: tɨrnaq
Gagauz: tɨrnaq
Karaim: tɨrnax
Karakalpak: tɨrnaq
Salar: ʒɨrna(:)χ
Kumyk: tɨrnaq
Comments: Derived from PT *dɨrŋa- 'to scratch, scrape'. See VEWT 465, 479, TMN 3, 200 (there are no reasons to postulate different roots here: we have obviously a case of a complicated behaviour of the medial -ŋ-); EDT 551, 549-50, ЭСТЯ III 345-349, Егоров 324, Дыбо 312, 323-325, Лексика 258, Stachowski 238.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ǯurū-, *ǯura-n
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 to draw 2 a scratch, line
Russian meaning: 1 чертить 2 черта, полоска
Evenki: ǯurū- 1
Negidal: ǯojan 2
Spoken Manchu: ǯ́uǯ́u-, ǯ́uǯ́i- 1 (1315, 2380)
Literary Manchu: ǯiǯu- 1
Ulcha: ǯụra(n) 2
Nanai: ǯorã 2
Oroch: ǯurara 'striped'
Udighe: ǯūnda- 1
Solon: ǯurī- 1
Comments: ТМС 1, 278.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,

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Korean etymology :

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Proto-Korean: *čūr
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: file
Russian meaning: напильник
Modern Korean: čūl
Middle Korean: čūr
Comments: Liu 672, HMCH 251, KED 1507.
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

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Kartvelian etymology :

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Proto-Kartvelian: *crec- / *cric-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: тереть, стирать, стачивать
English meaning: to rub, rub out, wear out
Georgian: crec-, cric-
Megrel: cirac-, ciric-, circ-, ciroc-
Notes and references: EWK 451-452. Ср. алт. *čiuru 'скрести, царапать'.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-notes,

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Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-Dravidian : *Cīr-
Meaning : to scratch
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Proto-South Dravidian: *Cī-r-
Proto-Telugu : *cīr-
Proto-North Dravidian : *cīr-c-
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-ndr,

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South Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-South Dravidian : *Cī-r-
Meaning : to scratch
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Tamil : cī (-pp-, -tt-)
Tamil meaning : to scratch (as fowls), tear up earth (as pigs)
Malayalam : cīka
Malayalam meaning : to scratch
Kannada : cīru, civaru, civuru
Kannada meaning : to scratch with the nails or claws
Kannada derivates : (K2) sivur_u to scratch
Number in DED : 2601
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-dednum,

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Telugu etymology :

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Proto-Telugu : *cīr-
Meaning : to scratch
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Telugu : cīru
Additional forms : Also cīruḍu scratching
Number in DED : 2601
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,

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North Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-North-Dravidian : *cīr-c-
Meaning : to scratch
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Kurukh : cīrnā
Malto : circe "to scratch (as a bird with talons)"
Notes : Только форма *cīrc- позволяет нам объяснить нерегулярность рефлексов (выпадение -c- в курух и сокращение долготы в малто); впрочем, причиной подобных нерегулярностей может быть очевидная звукоподражательность данного корня).
Additional forms : Also MLT circo spurs of a cock.
Number in DED : 2601
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-notes,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,

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