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Sino-Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HVlV
Meaning: moon; burn (?)
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
Sino-Tibetan: *χʷelH burn (cf. also *χiǝl, *ɣʷĭlH dry, *ɣʷɨ̄l coal)
Basque: *hil-
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-stib,sccet-basq,

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Sino-Tibetan etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *χʷelH
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: burn
Chinese: *xʷejʔ blazing fire
Lushai: hāl burn
Kiranti: *wä̀l
Comments: Here Rawang whǝR, perhaps Karen Pao kho.55 'burn'. Cf. PAA *ʔu:lh 'fire' (?)
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-lush,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,

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Chinese characters :

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Character:
Modern (Beijing) reading: huǐ
Preclassic Old Chinese: hʷejʔ
Classic Old Chinese: hwé
Western Han Chinese: hwé
Eastern Han Chinese: hjwé
Early Postclassic Chinese: hjwé
Middle Postclassic Chinese: hjwé
Late Postclassic Chinese: hjwé
Middle Chinese: xwé
English meaning : blazing fire
Russian meaning[s]: сжигать; пожар
Shuowen gloss: 火也.從火.毀聲.春秋傳曰.衛侯燬. [480]
Comments: In Shi 10,3 Schüssler considers the character to be a loan for 毀 *xʷejʔ 'dismantle, destroy', which is dubious.
Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology
Radical: 86
Four-angle index: 6113
Karlgren code: 0356 b
Shijing occurrences: 10.3_
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,

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Kiranti etymology :

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Proto-Kiranti: *wä̀l
Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology
Meaning: heat, light
Tulung: wal-, ul- heat, boil lightly
Kaling: wälnä (wälu) to heat (water); wɔl heat, light
Limbu: omā (oru) burn, cremate; obā bright, omā (otjā) to dawn
Yamphu: wa-mi 'torch'; wa:ma 'to dry above the fireplace'
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-tul,kiret-kal,kiret-lim,kiret-yam,

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Limbu dictionary :

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Entry: o:ʔmaʔ, -o:ʔr-/-o:ʔ-
Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology
Grammar: vt.
Meaning: 1) roast, bake 2) cremate; 3) burn (of fire or substances undergoing combustion) ; 4) badmouth someone, slander someone's name, dispraise, vilify, defame
Comments: 2) siʔaN mɛʔo:ʔru If someone dies, they cremate him (said of less traditional Limbus) 3) migha:kle o:ʔraN I burnt myself on the hot ember; cf. haNwamaʔ, ko:maʔ, le:kmaʔ, yɛmmaʔ 4)\x aʔo:ʔrɛtchu ro:! We sure vilified him!
limet-prnum,limet-pspeech,limet-meaning,limet-comments,

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Yamphu dictionary :

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Entry: wami
Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology
Grammar: n.
Meaning: torch.
yamet-prnum,yamet-pspeech,yamet-meaning,

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Basque etymology :

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Proto-Basque: *hil-, *hiɫa-
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 moon, 2 month, 3 moon in 4th qtr. ('high moon')
Araban: irargi 1
Bizkaian: iretargi, ilargi, illargi, irargi 1, illa-bete 2, il-gora 3, (Goñi, Olza) illergi 1
Gipuzkoan: ilargi, illargi 1, illa-bete 2, il-gora 3
High Navarrese: ilargi, illargi 1, illa-bete 2, il-gora 3
Low Navarrese: ilhargi 1, hila-bete, ila-bethe 2, (Otxagabia, Salazar) ilaski 1
Salazarese: ilaski 1
Lapurdian: ilhargi 1, hila-bete 2
Baztanese: illargi 1
Zuberoan: hila-bethe 2
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-arb,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-zbr,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : HVLV
Meaning : light, shine
Eurasiatic : *HVlV
Afroasiatic : *hilal- (? + WCh. Jmb. yila 'burn'; *lVʔ- shine)
Sino-Caucasian : *HVlV
Austric : ? PAA *ʔūlh fire
Amerind (misc.) : *q̇ala (actually *hVlV?) 'moon' (R 478); *ali 'sun' (R 703)
African (misc.) : Cf. Bantu *-yédị̀ 'moon'.
Reference : ND 768, 768a, 2629a.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-amer,globet-afr,globet-reference,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *HVlV
Meaning: light, shine
Borean: Borean
Indo-European: *(H)al- 'flame, burn'
Altaic: ? Ewn. ilān 'moon'
Uralic: *jelä
Kartvelian: *(h)el-
Dravidian: *el-
Eskimo-Aleut: *ǝlǝ-ɣ-
Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *hъlhъ 'sun' (also *ilɣǝ- white, brilliant'?)
References: ОСНЯ 1, 276, 281-282, МССНЯ 362; ND 127 *ʕ[a]lV 'burn' (esp. sacrifices), adding also Sem. *ʕlw 'burn a sacrifice', but strangely mixing the root with *HalV 'be angry; act perversely'; 768 *hAlV 'to shine; bright', 768a *hiLV 'new heavenly light'; 2630 *yel(ay)V 'to shine, light' (with a great deal of confusion). Cf. *ŋwVlV.
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-esk,nostret-chuk,nostret-reference,

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *ēl-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: to burn (tr.)
Old Indian: alāta- n. `firebrand, coal', úlmuka- n. `firebrand, piece of burning charcoal'
Germanic: *ḗl-ia- vb., *ḗl-ō f., *al-a- (~ -ō-) vb.
Latin: adoleō, -ultum `verbrennen', adolēscō `auflodern', pl. altāria, -ium; ? altāre, -is n. `Aufsatz auf dem Opfertisch, Opferherd, Brandaltar' (may be < altus `high')
Other Italic: Umbr uřetu `(ad)olētō'
Russ. meaning: жечь
References: WP I 88
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

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Germanic etymology :

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Proto-Germanic: *ḗlian- vb., *ḗlō, *alan- (~ -ōn-) vb.
Meaning: set on fire
IE etymology: IE etymology
Swedish: dial. ala `lodern, flammen'
Danish: ild `Flamme'
Old English: ǟlan (-de; -ed) `to kindle, set on fire, burn, bake', ǟl, -e f. `burning', āl, -es n. `fire', ǟled (ǟld), gen. ǟldes m. `fire, conflagration'
Old Saxon: ēld `Feuer, Brand'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-osax,

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 56
Root: al-4
English meaning: to burn
German meaning: `brennen'
Material: Ai. alātam n. `Feuerbrand, Kohle' (auch úlmukam `Brand'); lat. adoleō `verbrenne (bes. Opfer)', adolēscō, -ere `auflodern (von Altären)' (o aus a, wie im etymologischverschiedenen adolēscere `heranwachsen' zu alō, s. unter *al-2 `wachsen'), altāre `Brandaltar' (mit schwierigem o-Ablaut umbr. uṙetu `ad adolendum'); nschwed. ala `lodern, flammen' (Johannsson ZfdtPh. 31, 285 ff. m. Lit.); aber zweifelhaft gr. ἀλάβη ἄνθρακες Hes.; Auffassung auch von lat. alacer, got. aljan n. `Eifer' usw. als `feurig, hitzig' (Johansson aaO.) wäre möglich; über ags. ǣlan `brennen' s.*aidh-.

    Vielleicht gehört hierher gall. MN Alatus, mir. alad `bunt, scheckig, gestreift' (wenn ursprüngl. `gebrannt') = nir. aladh `Forelle' (alā̆to-).

References: WP. I 88, WH. I 13, EM. 88.
Pages: 28
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

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Uralic etymology :

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Number: 182
Proto: *jelä
> Nostratic: > Nostratic
English meaning: light; sun, day
German meaning: Licht; Sonne, Tag
Saam (Lapp): jâlâkâs ~ jælâkâs (N) 'complete cloudlessness', jielakis ~ jälakis (L) 'vollkommene Wolkenlosigkeit, klares Wetter', jiel'χøs (Kld.), jiol'kos (Not.) 'klares Wetter'
Nenets (Yurak): jāĺe (O) 'Licht; Sonne; Tag'
Enets (Yen): jéðe (Ch.), jére (B) 'Tag', (K) dere, (Ch. Donn.) däre
Nganasan (Tawgi): jale
Selkup: tjeel (Ta. Ke.) 'Tag, Sonne', čél, čeel (N) 'Tag', čéld (N) 'Sonne'
Kamass: ʒ́ala 'Tag'
Addenda: Koib. džiala 'hell'
Yukaghir parallels: jeloʒe (S) 'Sonne'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-saa,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-add,uralet-yuk,

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Kartvelian etymology :

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Proto-Kartvelian: *(h)el-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: пламя, молния
English meaning: flame, lightning
Georgian: el- 'to glimmer (of lightning)', al- 'flame', Ingil. hal- 'to burn'
Megrel: wal-
Megrel meaning (Rus.): сверкать
Megrel meaning (Eng.): to glitter
Svan: el- 'to glitter', hel 'lightning', hal- 'flame' (< Georg.?)
Laz: wal-, al-
Laz meaning (Rus.): сверкать
Laz meaning (Eng.): to glitter
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 78-79, EWK 131(*wel-). Иллич-Свитыч (ОСНЯ 1, 276) сравнивает груз. (h)al- с ПИЕ *(H)al- 'сжигать жертвоприношения, пылать', с реконструкцией (под вопросом) ностр. *ʕVLV, а прочие формы (возводимые к *el-) - с урал. *jela 'светлый, ясный', драв. *el(a)- 'светлый, блестящий' (ОСНЯ 1, 281-282; ср. также Бомхард 1996, 190). Вряд ли, однако, имеет смысл различать здесь два картв. и ностр. корня.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-mgmean,kartet-emgmean,kartet-sva,kartet-laz,kartet-lzmean,kartet-elzmean,kartet-notes,

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Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-Dravidian : *el-
Meaning : light
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Proto-South Dravidian: *el-
Proto-Telugu : *el-
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,

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South Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-South Dravidian : *el-
Meaning : light, to shine
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Tamil : el
Tamil meaning : lustre, splendour, light, sun, daytime
Tamil derivates : elli, ellai sun, daytime; ilaku (ilaki-), ilaŋku (ilaŋki-) to shine, glisten, glitter
Malayalam : ilakuka
Malayalam meaning : to shine, twinkle
Malayalam derivates : ilaŋkuka to shine; el lustre, splendour, light; ella light
Number in DED : 0829
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-dednum,

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Telugu etymology :

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Proto-Telugu : *el-
Meaning : to be shiny, splendid
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Telugu (Krishnamurti) : elamu
Number in DED : 829
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_kr,telet-dednum,

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Eskimo etymology :

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Proto-Eskimo: *ǝlǝ-ɣ-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: to inflame, to fume, to burn
Russian meaning: воспламениться, дымить, гореть
Proto-Yupik: *ǝlǝ-ɣ-
Proto-Inupik: *ǝlǝ-ɣ-
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 104
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-refer,

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Yupik etymology :

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Proto-Yupik: *ǝlǝ-ɣ-
Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology
Meaning: to inflame 1, to fume 2, to get scorched, to burn 3
Russian Meaning: воспламеняться 1, дымить 2, опалиться, гореть 3
Sirenik: ǝ́cǝχ 'smoke'
Chaplino: iláquq 1, 2, īl-ŋī-ɫǝq 'without fire'
Naukan: ǝlǝ́k 'fire, conflagration'
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: lǝxtǝ- 3, 'to char'
Central Alaskan Yupik: lǝɣ- 3
Chevak (Peripheral): lǝɣǝ- 3
Nunivak (Peripheral): ɫɫixtoχ* 'it's scorched, burnt', lǝxtǝ- 3
PAME: *ilǝ-k-
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 104
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-sir,yupet-chap,yupet-nauk,yupet-aay,yupet-cay,yupet-chev,yupet-nun,yupet-pame,yupet-ced,

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Inupik etymology :

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Proto-Inupik: *ǝ̣lǝ̣-ɣ-
Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology
Meaning: to get scorched, burnt
Russian meaning: опалиться, обгореть
Seward Peninsula Inupik: ilik-
SPI Dialects: Imaq ɨlɨ́ɣniq 'conflagration', ɨlɨ́ksirāqtoq (tr.) 'to burn', W ilikka* tr.
North Alaskan Inupik: ɨlɨk-
NAI Dialects: B, Ingl iliktoq*
Western Canadian Inupik: ilik-
ECI Dialects: Lab ī̆likaq- 'to roast (in pan), to burn self (in fire)' [Bourq.]
Greenlandic Inupik: iliɣ- (iligpoq*) 'to be burnt, signed'
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 104
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-nais,inupet-wci,inupet-ecis,inupet-gri,inupet-ced,

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Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :

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Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *(h)ъlha-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning (Rus.): солнце
Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *ʁъlʁa "
Proto-Itelmen: *'lač ~ *qlač
kamet-prnum,kamet-meaning,kamet-chuk,kamet-itel,

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Chukchee-Koryak etymology :

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Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *ʁъlʁa "
Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology: Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology
Meaning (Rus.): солнце
Comments: Керекское halhalhan < *ʁъlʁa-ʁъlʁa-, как вариант встречается запись hallan < *ʁъlʁa-n.
chuket-prnum,chuket-meaning,chuket-comments,

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Itelmen etymology :

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Proto-Itelmen: *'lač ~ *qlač
Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology: Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology
Meaning (Rus.): солнце
Itelmen: lač (lač-čah dim., lač-a'n pl.) 1
Itelmen meaning: солнце 1, солнечный 2
West Itelmen: ĺač, ĺatčaɣ
West Itelmen meaning: sol
West Itelmen meaning (Polish): sɫońce
South Itelmen: ka'ač [ko̯ač*]
South Itelmen meaning (Latin): sol
South Itelmen meaning (Polish): sɫońce
Number in Volodin 1976: 26, 38
itelet-prnum,itelet-meaning,itelet-ite,itelet-itemea,itelet-wit,itelet-witmea,itelet-witmep,itelet-sit,itelet-sitmea,itelet-sitmep,itelet-vol,

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Afroasiatic etymology :

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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *hilal-
Meaning: moon
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
Semitic: *hilāl- 'new moon'
Berber: *HalVl- 'moon'
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,

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Semitic etymology :

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Number: 1649
Proto-Semitic: *hilāl-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'new moon'
Ugaritic: hll
Arabic: hilāl-
Geʕez (Ethiopian): helāl
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-uga,semet-ara,semet-gzz,

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Berber etymology :

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Proto-Berber: *HalVl-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'moon'
Ahaggar (Tahaggart): t-alli-t
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-ahg,

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