Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *qwǝ̄ṭí

Meaning: palate, mouth

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *qwɨ̄ṭi

Burushaski: *-qhát

Comments and references : MCGD 9 (in PNC cf. also *GwēṭV (~ *GēṭwV) 1028).

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *qwɨ̄ṭi

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: Adam's apple; uvula

Proto-Lak: qiIṭ

Proto-Lezghian: *χuṭ

Notes: A Lak-Lezg. isogloss. Pharyngealization in Lak. is probably expressive.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: qʷiIṭ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: Adam's apple; beak

Lak form: qiIṭ

Comments: Lak. qʷiIṭ (Khaidakov); cf. also Khosr. qIuṭ.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *χuṭ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 Adam's apple 2 larynx 3 navel

Tabasaran: χuṭ 3

Agul: (funin) χuṭ 3

Tsakhur: χɨrṭam 1

Kryz: χuluṭ 2

Budukh: q̇ulṭuχum 1,2

Udi: χirtäj 1

Comment: The root is rather difficult to reconstruct (because of its expressive nature). The most archaic variant is probably preserved in Tab. and Ag. (in the latter it contaminated with PL *χu(m)ṭ 'sting' q.v. which is a different root). Other languages reflect a suffixed stem *χuṭ-Vr or *χuṭ-Vl, often with a double suffixation *χuṭ-Vr-Vm or *χuṭ-Vl-Vm (in Kryz., besides χuluṭ 'larynx' < *χuṭ-ul there exists also χulṭum 'Adam's apple' = (with metathesis) Bud. q̇ulṭuχum < golu 'throat'+ *χulṭum). A Lezghian (Shakh-Dagh) loan is Khin. χurṭum 'throat, larynx'.

    The word belongs to the 3d class in all class-distinguishing languages.

    The original meaning was probably "Adam's apple" (cf. also the external evidence) with a later metaphorical shift in Tab. and Ag. ("Adam's apple of the belly" > "navel").

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *qhát

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: mouth

Yasin: -xát

Hunza: -qhát

Nagar: -qhát

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : KVTV

Meaning : throat, intestines

Eurasiatic : *kUṭV

Afroasiatic : *gaṭ- cheek, chin (cf. also *gaʔid-face)

Sino-Caucasian : *qwɨ̄ṭí

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *kUṭV

Meaning: intestines

Indo-European: *geud-, *gūd-

Altaic: *kòt`e

Kartvelian: (Georg. ḳvet- 'maw')

References: Cf. *gUtV.

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *geud-, *gūd-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: guts, intestines

Old Indian: gudá- m. `intestine, entrail, rectum, anus'

Germanic: *kiut=, *kūt=

Russ. meaning: кишки

References: WP I 555 f

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *kiut=, *kūt=

Meaning: intestines

IE etymology: IE etymology

English: dial. kyte, kite `buik, maag'

Old Frisian: kūt `viszaad'

Middle Dutch: cuyt `lichaamsdeel', cuut `viszaad'

Dutch: kuit f. `lichaamsdeel; viszaad' { kiete `Fischrogen, Wade' }

Middle Low German: kūt `Weichteile im Tierkörper, Eingeweide', kūt, kūte `viszaad'

Low German: küt `Darm', küt, küte `Eingeweide kleinerer Tiere, Rogenbeutel; Wade; Tasche, Beutel, Sack in einem Fischnetz'

German: bair. kütz `ein Teil der Gedärme'

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *kòt`e

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: hole

Russian meaning: дыра

Turkic: *göt

Mongolian: *kota-gar

Tungus-Manchu: *kota-

Korean: *kút

Comments: Лексика 281. Derived are Turk. *göten(e) 'stomach' (ЭСТЯ 3, 85), Mong. *kotuɣa- id. ( > Evk. koto etc., see Doerfer MT 103-104); cf. also TM *kuta id. (ТМС 1, 418, 439), see Doerfer ibid.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *göt

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: anus, buttocks

Russian meaning: задница, ягодицы

Karakhanid: köt (MK)

Turkish: göt

Middle Turkic: köt (MA, Pav. C.), MKypch. köt (CCum., Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: ket

Chuvash: kot

Kirghiz: köt

Gagauz: göt

Karaim: köt

Comments: VEWT 294, EDT 700, ЭСТЯ 3, 84-85, TMN 3, 618, Мудрак 50, Лексика 281, Федотов 1, 316. Cf. also *gütük 'tailless'.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *kota-gar

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hollow (n.)

Russian meaning: впадина, впалый

Written Mongolian: qota-ɣar (L 972: qotuɣur)

Khalkha: xotgor

Buriat: xotogor

Kalmuck: xotǝɣǝr, xotxǝr

Ordos: GotoGor

Comments: KW 190.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kota-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 concave, cavity 2 to bend upwards

Russian meaning: 1 впалый, впадина, углубление 2 выгибаться

Evenki: koto-kon 1

Even: qotańa 1

Literary Manchu: χotoro- 2

Ulcha: qotom- 2

Nanai: qotajgã 2

Comments: ТМС 1, 418.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *kút

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hole, pit

Russian meaning: дыра, яма

Modern Korean: kut, kudǝŋi

Middle Korean: kút

Comments: Nam 62, KED 197, 216.

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *gaṭ-

Meaning: cheek, chin, beard

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

East Chadic: *gaḍ- 'cheek'

Low East Cushitic: *ga/iḍ- 'chin, beard' 1, 'jaws' 2

Dahalo (Sanye): *gat_̣a 'beard'

Omotic: *gaṭ- 'chin'

Notes: Cf. *ga/ic̣- 'face', *gʷa(n/h)ĉ̣- 'cheek, chin', *gʷaʒ- 'cheek, chin, beard'.

Central Chadic etymology :

Proto-CChadic: *kyam-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'foot, leg'

Sukur: kyam

East Chadic etymology :

Proto-EChadic: *gaḍ-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'cheek'

Jegu: gédé [??]

Bidiya: gèḍéé-mà [JBid]

Birgit: gàḍáyó [CLR: 69]

Notes: secondary emphatization due to a uvular in anlaut. Cf Ndam dágǝ̀-m [CLR} - met., or related to Sem *dkn.

Low East Cushitic etymology :

Proto-Low East Cushitic: *ga/iḍ-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'chin, beard' 1, 'jaws' 2

Somali: gaḍ 1

Rendille: giḍaámme 2 (Pill)

Dahalo etymology :

Dahalo: gat_̣a

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'beard'

Omotic etymology :

Proto-Omotic: *gaṭ-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'chin'

Kafa (Kaficho): gaṭoo

Mocha: gaṭ-ano

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