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Sino-Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *č̣wɨ̆nhV́̄ ( ~ šṭ-)
Meaning: flea
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
North Caucasian: *č̣wɨ̆nhV̄
Sino-Tibetan: *ćūH ( ~ ʒ́-)
Basque: *čamo
Comments and references : WFR 69, LV B8.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,

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North Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-North Caucasian: *č̣wɨ̆nhV
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: flea; nit
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *č̣on-di / *č̣on-ṭi
Proto-Tsezian: *ṭɨma / *č̣ɨma
Proto-Lezghian: *č̣un:(a)
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. In PTs the labialisation had passed to the Inlaut resonant (a rather frequent development). The Avaro-Andian forms contain a dental suffix. Therefore it is most probable that Lak. č̣iṭ, Darg. (Ak.) č̣iṭ 'bug' are borrowed from Avar (they correspond badly to other EC forms, but are well explained if we assume a loan).

    There exists, however, another parallel in the Lak.-Darg. area: cf. Darg. Chir. čaṭ 'grass-hopper', Lak. č̣aṭi 'larva'. It is not excluded that these forms reflect the same suffixed form as Av. č̣eṭ, i.e. PEC *č̣wɨ̆n-ṭV (*č̣ɨ̆m-ṭV).

caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,

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Avar-Andian etymology :

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Protoform: *č̣on-di / *č̣on-ṭi
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: flea
Avar: č̣eṭ
Andian language: č̣onni
Akhvakh: č̣ãṭi
Chamalal: č̣an
Tindi: č̣andi
Karata: č̣anṭe
Botlikh: č̣anṭi
Bagvalal: č̣anṭ
Godoberi: č̣anṭi
Comments: Av. paradigm B (č̣oṭó-l, č̣uṭú-l). Cf. also Akhv. Tseg., Ratl., Tlan. č̣andi. The original form is probably *č̣ondi, and forms with -ṭ- reflect an assimilation (see, however, below).
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,

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Tsezian etymology :

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Proto-Tsezian: *ṭɨma / *č̣ɨma
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: nit
Bezhta: c̣ima
Gunzib: ṭɨma
Comments: Cf. also Bezht. Tlad. č̣ime. Variation between ṭ- and č̣- probably reflects old variation in labialisation (*č̣ɨma < *č̣ɨma, but *ṭɨma < *č̣ʷɨma). There exists also a word c̣ima 'nit' in Gin. (MSU recording: č̣ima), but here it is most probably borrowed from one of the GB dialects.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,

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Lezghian etymology :

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Proto-Lezghian: *č̣un:(a)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: flea
Lezghian: č̣ut
Tabasaran: č̣ud
Agul: č̣id
Rutul: č̣id (Shin.)
Tsakhur: č̣in
Kryz: č̣id
Budukh: č̣id
Udi: in
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. č̣üj, Ag. Fit., Burk. č̣id, Bursh. č̣ir. In Lezg. we would rather expect -d; but it is possible that the development *-n: > -t is regular after glottalized stops (cf. *ƛ̣un:).

    Lezg. č̣ut > Khin. č̣üt 'flea'.

    See Талибов 1960а, 296; Лексика 1971, 149; Гигинейшвили 1977, 73, 101.

lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,

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Sino-Tibetan etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ćūH ( ~ ʒ́-)
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: flea
Chinese: *ćūʔ flea.
Tibetan: ãʒ́u-ba a flea.
Kiranti: *cu-kik-pä
Comments: Here perhaps Idu *ʒ́i, Naga *cV 'worm'.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,

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Chinese characters :

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Character:
Modern (Beijing) reading: zǎo
Preclassic Old Chinese: ćūʔ
Classic Old Chinese: cū́
Western Han Chinese: cǝ̄́w
Eastern Han Chinese: cǝ̄́w
Early Postclassic Chinese: cǝ̄́w
Middle Postclassic Chinese: cā́w
Late Postclassic Chinese: cā́w
Middle Chinese: cấw
English meaning : flea
Russian meaning[s]: 1) блоха; 2) рано, вм.
Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology
Radical: 142
Four-angle index: 8745
Karlgren code: 1112 d
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,

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Kiranti etymology :

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Proto-Kiranti: *cu-kik-pä
Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology
Meaning: flea
Sunwar: cūkbe
Tulung: cikikpa, cikipa
Kaling: 'cakape
Dumi: cikʔop
Kulung: cikippa
Yamphu: -ǯu- in minǯuwa 'fly'
Comments: Toba 90 *ca_ka_pä. Cf. *chǝ̀(k)-pu. For -kik- cf. Yamphu maŋ-gik 'flea', perhaps also Limbu kitthɔk id.
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-sun,kiret-tul,kiret-kal,kiret-dum,kiret-kul,kiret-yam,kiret-notes,

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Dumi dictionary :

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Entry: tsikʔop
Kiränti etymology: Kiränti etymology
Grammar: n.
Meaning: flea, Pulex irritans
Nepali: upiyāʔ.
Derivation: [op- < opnɨ 'hop (of insects)']
dumet-prnum,dumet-pspeech,dumet-meaning,dumet-nepali,dumet-dercomm,

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Kulung dictionary :

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Entry: cikippa
Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology
Grammar: n.
Meaning: human flea, Pulex irritans
Nepali: upiyāṃ.
kulet-prnum,kulet-pspeech,kulet-meaning,kulet-nepali,

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Yamphu dictionary :

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Entry: minjuwa
Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology
Grammar: n.
Meaning: fly.
Nepali: jhĩgo
yamet-prnum,yamet-pspeech,yamet-meaning,yamet-nepali,

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Basque etymology :

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Proto-Basque: *čamo
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 weevil 2 caterpillar 3 black insects that live in the ground
Bizkaian: txamo 2
Gipuzkoan: txamo, txamorro 1, txamorro 3, (Gabiria) samorro 1
High Navarrese: (Lezaka) txamuru 1
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : CVNV
Meaning : a k. of insect
Sino-Caucasian : *č̣wɨ̆nhV ( ~ šṭ-)
Amerind (misc.) : *tina (in fact *Cina) 'louse, flea, nit' (R 447) [+ A K]
globet-meaning,globet-scc,globet-amer,

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