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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *dVgV́
Meaning: swamp, pond
North Caucasian: PL *t:ak:ar 'pond, lake'
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *tōk (~ d-; r-)
Meaning: dirt, mud
Tibetan: rtug excrement, dirt.
Lepcha: tóŋ to be covered with dirt (?)
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-lepcha,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 濁
Modern (Beijing) reading: zhuó
Preclassic Old Chinese: d(h)rōk
Classic Old Chinese: d(h)rōk
Western Han Chinese: ḍ(h)ōk
Eastern Han Chinese: ḍ(h)ōk
Early Postclassic Chinese: ḍ(h)ọ̄k
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ḍ(h)ọ̄k
Late Postclassic Chinese: ḍ(h)ọ̄k
Middle Chinese: ḍạuk
English meaning : be muddy
Russian meaning[s]: 1) мутный; грязный; 2) порочный, развращенный; 3) обывательский; 4) смешаться, сболтаться, сбиться; 5) мужской, низкий (о варианте тона)
Comments: Regular Sino-Viet. is trọc.
Radical: 85
Four-angle index: 4370
Karlgren code: 1224 p
Vietnamese reading: d_ục
Shijing occurrences: 35.3
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-shijing,
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Chinese Dialects :
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Number: 2169
Character: 濁
MC description : 江開二入覺澄
ZIHUI: 3424 0291
Beijing: c̣uo 12
Jinan: c̣uǝ 12
Xi'an: pfo 12
Taiyuan: cuǝʔ 42
Hankou: co 12
Chengdu: cho 12
Yangzhou: cuâʔ 4
Suzhou: zoʔ 42
Wenzhou: ʒ́yo 42
Changsha: chôu 4
Shuangfeng: chû 31
Nanchang: tak 41; cɔk 41 (lit.)
Meixian: chuk 42
Guangzhou: čuk 42
Xiamen: cɔk 42 (lit.); tak 42
Chaozhou: cuak 42
Fuzhou: couʔ 42
Shanghai: zoʔ 42
Zhongyuan yinyun: čo 41
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *täk- (~c-,-ǟ-)
Meaning: swamp
Ket: taɣɔ6, pl. taɣɔ:ŋ3
Kottish: ol-tēg, ol-tēx, ol-tex, pl. ol-takŋ 'swamp'; Ass. (Кл.) oltegan 'lake'.
Comments: ССЕ 283. Ket has a compound with *ʔoGV 'meadow' q.v. (suggested by Werner 2, 249); Kott. - a compound with *ʔol "grave, *hole". Werner 2, 249 <*thagǝ>.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : TVKV
Meaning : water, pond
globet-meaning,globet-scc,globet-austr,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *ʔtVk ( ~ *ʔdVk)
Meaning: water
Austroasiatic meaning: water
Munda parallels: Kar ḍag
Proto-Thai: ʔdɨk to swim (NT)
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-mun,austr-tai,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *dʔɨak
Meaning: water
Thai: ʔdɨk to swim (NT)
References: Kh 757, VHL 2, S-134
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-kat,aaet-bah,aaet-kmr,aaet-pear,aaet-vim,aaet-mon,aaet-asli,aaet-bib,
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Katuic etymology :
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Proto-Katuic: *dʔVk / *dʔV:k
Meaning: water
Presyllable: #
References: P-1127; TK1.18
katet-meaning,katet-prpr,katet-prnum,katet-wkat,katet-ekat,katet-bibref,
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West Katuic etymology :
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Proto-West Katuic: *dʔVʔ
Meaning: water
Presyllable: #
Bru Van Keu: dǝʔ.T
Bru Van Keu meaning: water
So: dʌʔ.N
So meaning: water
Bru: dʌ:ʔ.N
Bru meaning: water
Kui: diaʔ.N
Kui meaning: water
Kuay: diǝʔ
Kuay meaning: water
Ngeu: diǝʔ.B
Ngeu meaning: water
wkatet-meaning,wkatet-wpre,wkatet-prnum,wkatet-vkv,wkatet-vkvme,wkatet-so,wkatet-some,wkatet-bru,wkatet-brume,wkatet-kui,wkatet-kuime,wkatet-kuay,wkatet-kuayme,wkatet-ngeu,wkatet-nyeume,
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East Katuic etymology :
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Proto-East Katuic: *dʔa:k / *dʔǝ:k
Meaning: water
Presyllable: #
Pakoh: da:ʔ
Pakoh meaning: water
Taojh: da:k
Taojh meaning: water
Lao Katu: dʔa:k
Lao Katu meaning: water
Ngeq: dǝ:ʔ T?
Ngeq meaning: water
Kri: dʌʔ VT?
Chatong: ta:k.B
Kantu: da:k
Kantu dialects: da:k
Triw: da:k
Dakkan dialects (1): da:k
Dakkan dialects (2): da:k
Dakkan meaning: water
Katu dialects (1): dʔǝ:k
Katu dialects (2): dʔa:k
Katu meaning: water
ekatet-meaning,ekatet-epre,ekatet-prnum,ekatet-pak,ekatet-pakme,ekatet-tao,ekatet-taome,ekatet-lka,ekatet-lkame,ekatet-nge,ekatet-ngeme,ekatet-kr,ekatet-ct,ekatet-kntv,ekatet-kntt,ekatet-tr,ekatet-dkl,ekatet-dkk,ekatet-dkme,ekatet-and,ekatet-hka,ekatet-katme,
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Bahnar etymology :
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Proto-Bahnaric: *dʔa:k
Meaning: water
Presyllable: #
Bahnar: dʔa:k
Bahnar meaning: water
Proto-South Bahnaric: *da:k Proto-West Bahnaric: *da:k Proto-Northwest-Bahnaric: *da:k References: PNB-287, JS-52, TB1.21
banet-meaning,banet-prpr,banet-prnum,banet-bah,banet-bahme,banet-nob,banet-sob,banet-web,banet-nwb,banet-har,banet-refer,
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North Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-North-Bahnaric: *da:k.T
Meaning: water
Rengao form: da:k.T
Rengao meaning: water
Jeh form: da:k.T
Jeh meaning: water, river
Sedang form: tea.L
Sedang meaning: water
Hre form: deak.T
Hre meaning: water
Mo'dra: da:ʔ.T
Didra: deaʔ.T
References: PNB-287, GS-16
nobet-meaning,nobet-prnum,nobet-ren,nobet-renme,nobet-jeh,nobet-jehme,nobet-sed,nobet-sedme,nobet-hre,nobet-hreme,nobet-modr,nobet-didr,nobet-refer,
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South Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-South Bahnaric: *da:k
Meaning: water
Chrau form: da:ʔ
Chrau meaning: water
Stieng form: da:k
Stieng meaning: water
References: SBS-46
sobet-meaning,sobet-prnum,sobet-chr,sobet-chrme,sobet-sti,sobet-stime,sobet-refer,
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West Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-West- Bahnaric: *da:k
Meaning: water
Jaru form: da:k
Jaru meaning: water
Lavi: tiak
Juk: da:k.B
Nhaheung form: da:k
Nhaheung meaning: water
Brao form: da:k
Brao meaning: water
References: JS-52
webet-meaning,webet-prnum,webet-jr,webet-jrme,webet-lve,webet-jk,webet-nha,webet-nhame,webet-brao,webet-brame,webet-refer,
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North-West Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-North-West- Bahnaric: *da:k
Meaning: water
Tariang: da:k
Kaseng: da:k
Yaeh: da:k
nwbet-meaning,nwbet-prnum,nwbet-tr,nwbet-ks,nwbet-yh,
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Harak etymology :
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Proto-Harak: *da:k
Meaning: water
Harak: da:k
haret-meaning,haret-prnum,haret-hr,
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Khmer etymology :
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Khmer: dɨk
Meaning: water, liquid
Old Khmer: dik
Old Khmer Meaning: water
References: P249, JP143
kmret-meaning,kmret-prnum,kmret-okh,kmret-okmean,kmret-ref,
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Pearic etymology :
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Proto-Pearic: *da:k.N
Meaning: water
Presyllable: #
Chong: ta:k.B
Chong meaning: water
Song: tha:k.C
Song meaning: water
Kasong: ta:k.C
Kasong meaning: water
Samre: ta:k.C R?
Samre meaning: water
Suoi Kompong: tɨʔ
References: H-439: *da:k
pearet-meaning,pearet-prpr,pearet-prnum,pearet-chng,pearet-chngme,pearet-song,pearet-songme,pearet-kas,pearet-kasme,pearet-smr,pearet-smrme,pearet-skm,pearet-bib,
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Viet-Muong etymology :
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Proto-Viet-Muong: *dʔa:k
Meaning: water
Vietnamese: nu'ó'c
Thomon: da:k.31
Tum: da:k.212
vimet-meaning,vimet-prnum,vimet-viet,vimet-thm,vimet-tum,
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Monic etymology :
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Proto-Monic: *dʔa:k
Meaning: water
Presyllable: #
Modern Mon: dʔa:k
Old Mon: dʔa:k
Middle Mon: dʔa:k
Nyakur: da:k.L
Nyakur meaning: water
References: N224; S-134
monet-meaning,monet-prpr,monet-prnum,monet-word,monet-om,monet-mm,monet-tc,monet-tcme,monet-bib,
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Aslian etymology :
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Proto-Aslian:
Meaning: water
Semelai: dak
asliet-prnum,asliet-meaning,asliet-sml,
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