Low East Cushitic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Low East Cushitic: *daḳal-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'cheek'

Arbore: daḳál

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ǯiḳ-an/m/l-

Meaning: chin, cheek, beard

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *d_iḳan- '(bearded) chin, beard'

Berber: *zVḳa 'inner part of the cheek'

Western Chadic: *ǯiḳ/gam/n- 'chin' 1, 'cheek' 2

Central Chadic: *ǯikVm- 'beard' (?)

East Chadic: *ʒi/uḳVm- 'chin' 1, 'jaw' 2

Low East Cushitic: *daḳal- 'cheek'

Number: 105

Proto-Semitic: *d_iḳan-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: (bearded) chin, beard

Akkadian: ziḳnu OA, OB on [CAD z 125], [AHw 1530]

Eblaitic: /d_aḳa/ūnum/ in SU₆DÙ = ša-ga-núm, ša-gu-nu-um (cf. /tuztáḳḳinum/ KA_xKID.SAR = tù-uš-tá-gi-nu/núm [DLU 135]

Ugaritic: dḳn 'barba, mentón' [DLU 135]

Phoenician: zḳn [T 95]

Hebrew: zāḳān 'side whiskers and (pointed) beard' [KB 278]

Aramaic: OLD zḳn [JH 339]

Judaic Aramaic: dǝḳan (diḳnā) 'bearded chin' [Ja 319], [Sok 154]

Syrian Aramaic: daḳnā [Brock 164]

Modern Aramaic: MAL d_eḳna 'Bart' [Berg 22] MLH deḳno 'Bart' [J Mlah 172] HRT daḳḳonta 'Kinn' [J Hert 185], daḳna 'Bart' [ibid.] NASS diḳna 'beard' [Tser 057] MMND deḳnā, abs. dāḳen [M MND 493] GZR díḳna 'beard' [Nak 72] AZR diḳna 'beard' [Garb 305]

Mandaic Aramaic: diḳna (also ziḳna) [DM 167, 109]

Arabic: d_aḳan-, d_iḳan- 'menton, barbe' [BK 1 776]

Modern Arabic: NYEM d_iḳin [Behnstedt 416]; YEM dign [Piamenta 168]

Soqotri: díḳehon (dáḳehan, dóḳehan) 'barbe' [LS 134]; QALAN.-V dǝ́ḳhɔn 'menton; barbiche de chèvre' [SSL LS 1455; SSL 4 94]

Notes: Note AKK zuḳtu (and suḳtu usually quoted as a basic form) 'chin' OB on [CAD s 399], [AHw 1061] vs. ziḳnu 'beard'; one wonders whether these two terms, if related, may reflect an original opposition in pre-SEM: the form in *-at- meaning 'chin' (this is supported by the BERB example above), while the form with the *-an- suffix having acquired the meaning 'bearded chin, beard'.

Cf. AFRASIAN above.

The meanings 'old (man)', 'to be old' are undoubtedly derived: HBR zāḳēn 'of mature age, old' [KB 278], ARM OLD zḳn 'to grow old' [JH 339], ARB d_iḳn- 'vieillard' [BK 1 775].

Possibly related, though with an unclear semantic evolution, are SAB d_ḳn, md_ḳn, md_ḳnt 'place of prayer in house or tomb; entrance hall, antechamber' [SD 39] and also b-d_ḳn 'in front of' [Biella 98].

[Fron 44] (*d_aḳan'barba' /SOQ,ARB,SYR,HBR,UGR,AKK/); [DRS 339]: AKK, UGR, HBR, PHO, ARM, SOQ, ARB, SAB; [DLU 135]: UGR, HBR, PHO, JUD, AKK, EBL, ARB; [KB 278]: HBR, UGR, AKK, ARM, ARB; [Brock 164]: SYR, ARM, HBR, ARB, AKK; [LS 134]: SOQ, ARB, HBR, ARM, AKK, ESA; [Holma 36]: AKK, HBR, ARB, ARM

Proto-Berber: *-zɣa

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'inner part of the cheek'

Ahaggar (Tahaggart): tă-zɣa

Proto-WChadic: *ǯiḳ/gam/n-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'chin' 1, 'cheek' 2

Sura: ǯaɣam 1

Angas: ǯaam 1

Ankwe=Goemai: ǯam 1

Geruma: ǯangumu 1 [ShB]

Ngizim: ǯǝ́gǝ̀nà 2 [ShN]

Notes: Cf. Kapiski čakamɛ 1 (č- <*ǯ-?). See Stolb 1996, 49.

Proto-CChadic: *ǯikVm- (?)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'beard'

Munjuk: se-sekem [TMnj]

Zime-Dari: ʒim [Sa]

Notes: Correspondences unclear. Note a complete loss of the medial velar in Zime.

Proto-EChadic: *ǯi/uḳVm-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'chin' 1, 'jaw' 2

Tumak: ǯìgǝ̀m 2 [Cp]

Mokilko: zúkìmò 1, śɔɔ̀kùm-nà 2 [JMkk]

Notes: Cf. Ch *gVčVm 'chin'.

Borean (approx.) : CVKV

Meaning : chin, beard

Eurasiatic : Alt. *č`òk`e ( ~ -i̯u-) 'cheek bone'

Afroasiatic : *ǯiḳ-an/m/l-

Sino-Caucasian : NC *ʒ́ĕmḳă ;'beard'

Amerind (misc.) : *tuk (in fact *Cuk) 'beard, chin' (R 46)

Low East Cushitic etymology :

Afroasiatic etymology :

Semitic etymology :

Berber etymology :

West Chadic etymology :

Central Chadic etymology :

East Chadic etymology :

Long-range etymologies :