Nostratic etymology : List with all references

Proto-IE: *bhrag'- / -e-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to break

Old Indian: giri-bhráj- `breaking forth from mountains'

Germanic: *brik-a- vb., *bruk-an- m., *brak-ō(n-) f.; *brik-a- n.

Latin: frangō, -ere, frēgī, frāctum `brechen, zerbrechen; beugen, erschüttern', fragilis `zerbrechlich'

Russ. meaning: ломать

References: WP II 200

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *brikan- vb., *brukēn, *brakō(n); *brika-n

Meaning: break

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: *brikan st. `break, destroy'; ga-bruka f. (ō) `crumb'; *us-bruknan wk. `be broken off'

Old Norse: brek n. `Begierde; List, Trug'

Norwegian: brek `Begierde'

Old English: brekan `brechen'; bryce m. `das Brechen, Brocken'; (ge)brec `Geräusch'

English: break

Old Frisian: breka vb.

Old Saxon: bruki 'Riss'; brekan `brechen'; mūr-braka `stormram'

Middle Dutch: brēken; brāke `verbreken, gemis, braakland, werktuig voor vlasbreken'

Dutch: breken; braak f.; { gebrek `Mangel' }

Old Franconian: brecan

Middle Low German: brak m. `Bruch, Gebrechen, Schade'; brāke `braakland, werktuig voor vlasbraken'; brek `Gebrechen, Mangel'; brȫke 'Bruch, Spalt, Abfall, Mangel, Vergehen, Geldbusse'

Old High German: brehhan (8.Jh.) `brechen, reissen, vernichten'; bruh `Bruch, Riss, abgebrochenes Stück, Ausbruch' (8./9.Jh.); brocko `gebrochenes'; brāhha `Umbrechen, erstes Pflügen des Ackers' (Hs. 12. Jh.)

Middle High German: brëchen st. intr. 'entzwei brechen, zerbrechrn', tr. 'brechen, reissen, pflücken, losbrechen'; brāche st. f. `Umbrechung des Bodens, nach der Erde ungebrochen liegendes unbesätes Land'; bruch st. m. 'Bruch, Riss, abgebrochenes Stück, Mangel, Vergehen'

German: brechen, Brache f., Bruch m., Brocken

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *breg

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: стучать, колотить

English meaning: to knock, hammer

Georgian: breg, brag-

Georgian meaning (Rus.): стучать, колотить; bragun 'грохот'

Georgian meaning (Engl.): to knock, hammer; bragun 'rumble'

Megrel: burg-; burgon- 'dull rumble'

Svan: bǝrgǝn- ( < Megr.?)

Laz: brang

Laz meaning (Rus.): стучать (ногами)

Laz meaning (Eng.): to beat upon (with the feet)

Notes and references: EWK 60. Ср. ПИЕ *bhragh- 'ломать'.

Nostratic etymology :

Indo-European etymology :

Germanic etymology :

Kartvelian etymology :