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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ṗVnǯV
Meaning: a k. of insect, louse
Uralic: *pińćV (~-ś-) (Liv. pizàr 'Blutegel'?; Mord. panžam 'ant', Udm. pɨč 'flea', ? Khant. pas 'wasp'; Sam. *pĕnsE : Karag. hinǯi, Nen. T. pănzĕʔe 'louse')
References: Suggested by V. Glumov. Cf. ND 1743a *P_Vn(V)-šV ( ~ *ǯV) 'insect' (+ Chad., Sem.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-ura,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *pezd-
Meaning: a k. of insect
Avestan: pazdu- `Name schädlicher Kleintiere, etwa Käfer, Milbe'
Other Iranian: NPers pazdak `Kornmilbe'
Latin: pēdis, -is c. `Laus'
Russ. meaning: насекомое sp. (вошь, моль etc.)
References: WP II 68 f
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : PVNCV
Meaning : a k. of insect
Reference : Suggested by V. Glumov.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-reference,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ṗV̆nʒĕ́
Meaning: fly, wasp
Comments and references : Cf. Bur. Nag. phíc̣o (Sh. phíc̣o) `mosquito'.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-yen,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *bĭnʒĕ (/*mĭʒĕ)
Meaning: fly
Notes: A common NC onomatopoeic root; its expressive character explains irregular variation between *bĭnʒĕ and *mĭʒĕ. Cf. also in other Caucasian languages: Georg. buzi 'fly', Svan. buzūl 'wasp, fly', Megr. bazi 'a big fly', PK *bzu- 'to buzz' (see Charaya 1912, 19, Klimov 1965, 51). An obvious NC (probably WC) loan is Osset. bɨnʒ / binʒä 'fly' (see Abayev 1958, 280 with dubious etymological attempts). Comparison of PWC and Nakh see in Mészáros 1934, 227, Dumézil 1963, 15; Abdokov (1983, 113) adds also some Lezg. data.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *maʒu
Meaning: fly
Chechen: moza
Ingush: moza
Comments: 6th class in both languages. Cf. also Chech. (in Uslar's notation) mɔzu, Ing. (Imnaishvili) mwoz.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *ʔusmusV
Meaning: wasp
Bezhta: üžmüži (Khosh.)
Comments: Attested only in Bezht. (thus several PTs reconstructions - with *s, *š, *z, *z:, *ž or *ž: - are possible), but having probable external parallels.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-bzt,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: zimiz
Meaning: fly
Lak form: zimiz
Comments: Cf. Khosr. zimiz id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *mizmiza
Meaning: 1 mosquito 2 fly 3 ant 4 bumble-bee
Tabasaran: mizmiz 1
Agul: mizmiz 1 (Bursh.)
Rutul: zübez 4
Tsakhur: bɨzbɨza 2 (Tsakh.)
Archi: zimzi / zimzu 3
Comment: 3d class in Tsakh. and Arch. Cf. also Tab. Düb. mizmizi 'fly'. The Tsakh., Rut. and Arch. forms are irregularly transformed (the Arch. form probably experienced the influence from PL *c:imc: 'ant' q.v., although the reflex z clearly shows that it belongs to PL *mizmiza).
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *bṼʒ́V
Meaning: fly
Abkhaz: á-mc̣
Abaza: čʷǝ-nc̣ǝ
Adyghe: bāʒa
Kabardian: bāʒa
Ubykh: ba(n)ʒ́ǝ́
Comments: PAT *mǝć̣ǝ (cf. Bz. á-mć̣; the Abaz. form originally meant 'gadfly' /lit. "ox"+"fly", cf. Abkh. Bz. á-ć̌-mǝć̣ 'gadfly'); PAK *baʒá. Glottalisation in PAT is secondary (probably, under the influence of *mac̣a 'locust, grasshopper' q.v.). The dissolution of the AK root and its derivation from PWC *ʒ́ǝ 'flea, fly' q.v. (Rogava 1956, 13-14) is untenable.
WC > Osset. bǝnʒ / binʒä 'fly' (despite Trubetzkoy 1921, 249, who suggested the opposite direction of loan; Dumézil (1963,15) argued correctly with Trubetzkoy, but his reference to the root's expressive nature is not quite appropriate, since the Osset. and WC roots are specifically close to each other. Other etymologies of the Osset. word (see Abayev 1958, 280) are unsuccessful.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *bɨs-
Meaning: wesp, bee
Ket: bɨśtin6, bɨśt, pl. bɨśtinǝŋ5
Yug: bɨsset5,6, pl. bɨssetn5
Kottish: pačem "hornet"
Comments: ССЕ 211. Werner 1, 160 says "kot. pačem "Hornisse" läßt sich mit ket. bɨśtin "Wespe" kaum verbinden", but does not explain why - phonetic and sematic correspondences are in this case completely satisfactory. For the Ket and Yug forms he gives a most fantastic explanation: Ket. bɨśtin < bɨʔs 'penis' + -t (genitive marker) + iʔn 'needle' ("needle of the penis"??); Yug bɨsset (obviously = Ket. bɨśt-) < bɨʔs 'penis' + i:ht 'tooth' ("tooth of the penis")??? - thus preferring very dubious folk etymologies to regular reconstruction.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *espa-ra
Meaning: gadfly, horsefly
Bizkaian: ezpara, espara, ezpada
Gipuzkoan: ezpara, espara, ezpada
High Navarrese: ezpada
Low Navarrese: espare, ezpada, lespada
Salazarese: ezpatabe
Lapurdian: lespada, lespara
Zuberoan: espari
Roncalese: ezpada
Comments: Uncertain connection with PSC *ṗV̆nʒĕ́, if we assume metathesis + suffix. Cf. Circassian bāʒa 'fly', and the metatheses in Old English wæfs, wæps ~ wæsp 'wasp', Lat. vespa vs. Lith. vapsvà, etc. Some (Hubschmid, Michelena) have proposed a derivation of the Bsq word from some reflex of Lat. vespa.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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