Nostratic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Altaic: *àlu

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: good, beautiful

Russian meaning: хороший, красивый

Mongolian: *(h)olig

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)ala

Korean: *àr-

Japanese: *ùrùpà-

Comments: SKE 14. Kor. has a usual "verbal" low tone.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *(h)olig

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: good quality

Russian meaning: хорошее качество

Written Mongolian: oliɣ (МХТТТ)

Khalkha: olig

Buriat: olig

Kalmuck: oliG 'Brauchbarkeit'

Comments: KW 284.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *(x)ala

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tasty, sweet

Russian meaning: вкусный, сладкий

Evenki: ala

Even: alъ̣qē̂

Negidal: alagdị

Comments: ТМС 1, 27.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *àr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: pretty, beautiful

Russian meaning: красивый

Modern Korean: arɨm-tap-

Middle Korean: àrắm-táp-

Comments: Nam 336, KED 1071.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *ùrùpà-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: beautiful, excellent

Russian meaning: красивый, прекрасный

Old Japanese: urupa-si

Middle Japanese: ùrùfà-si

Tokyo: uruwashí-

Kyoto: úrùwàshì-

Kagoshima: uruwáshi-

Comments: JLTT 843. The Kagoshima accent is irregular.

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *alár-

Meaning : to blossom

Proto-South Dravidian: *alar-

Proto-Telugu : *alar-

Notes : The stem is never met without the final resonant, although it certainly cannot be guaranteed that *-r- was not detachable as a suffix in PDR. It is interesting to note the similarity between *alár- and PDR *mala[r]- with pretty much the same meaning. However, to treat this case as an irregular development *m- > 0- (see, e. g., [Андронов 1994: 86] ) is hardly admissible. Much more probable is semantic confusion between two originally different roots; in fact, SDR malar 'to blossom' may eventually be nothing but the result of contamination between *alár- and *mal- 'fertile, to abound'. // Present in 2/6 branches.

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *alar-

Meaning : to blossom

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : alar (-v-, -nt-)

Tamil meaning : to blossom, open up, spread (as rays of the sun, water), increase in size, manifest itself; n. full-blown flower

Tamil derivates : alartti process of blooming; alarttu (alartti-) to cause to blossom; alari flower

Malayalam : alar

Malayalam meaning : a blossom, opening flower

Malayalam derivates : alari a flower; alaruka to open (as flowers), be hot and dry; alarcca heat, lust

Kannada : alar, aral, araḷ, arlu

Kannada meaning : to spread, become distended, open, blossom

Kannada derivates : alar, aral, araḷ, alal a flower; alarike blossoming; alarisu, alarcu to cause to spread, blossom, etc.; aral-uṇi, alar-uṇi the large black humble bee, Bombinatrix glabra

Tulu : alaruni, araluni, araḷuni

Tulu meaning : to open, expand, bloom, blossom

Tulu derivates : aral-uṇi the black bee

Notes : Kannaḍa and Tulu present several variants with different kinds of assimilations and metatheses in the resonant department, which seems to be a rather common thing with stems ending in two resonants.

Number in DED : 0247

Telugu etymology :

Proto-Telugu : *alar-

Meaning : to open as a flower, expand, shine, glitter, rejoice; n. a flower, blossom, (K. also) splendour, joy; splendid

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : alaru

Telugu (Krishnamurti) : alarcu "to blossom"

Number in DED : 247