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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ḳVdV
Meaning: to injure, destroy
nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *kad-
Meaning: to injure, to harm
Old Indian: kadana- n.`destruction, killing, slaughter'; cakāda kadanam `to kill or hurt'
Old Greek: hom. kekadṓn `beraubend', ft. kekadḗsei̯ `er wird berauben', aor. kekadē̂sai̯ `вредить etc. (`blápsai, kakō̂sai, phéisasthai, sterē̂sai', Hsch.); hüpò ... kekádonto `sie wichen zurück' Hom.), ekekǟ́dei̯ (Konjektur) = hüpe<ke>khōrḗkei' Hsch., {apokadéō = asthenéō Hsch. - wanted!}; {kǟ́dō `verletze, schädige' -wanted!}
Latin: calamitās, -tis f. `Schaden; Hagelschlag, Kornbrand, Misswachs; Unheil, Verderben'; incolumis, -e `unversehrt, heil'; cadamitās (Mar. Victorin. gr. VI 8:15) = calamitās
Russ. meaning: вредить
piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 802
Root: kā̆d-
English meaning: to harm, rob, chase
German meaning: `schädigen, berauben, verfolgen'
Material: Ai. kadana- n. `Vernichtung', cakāda (unsicher, ob nicht cakāra?) kadanam `habe eine Vernichtung angerichtet'; gr. hom. κεκαδών `beraubend', Fut. κεκαδήσει `wird berauben', κεκαδη̃σαι βλάψαι, κακω̃σαι, στερη̃σαι Hes., in medial-pass. Bed. hom. κεκάδονto `sie wichen', ἐκεκήδει (Konjektur) ὑπε(κε)χωρήκει Hes., ἀποκαδέω ἀσθενέω Hes.; κάδυρος κάπρος ἄνορχις Hes.
References: WP. I 341, WH. I 128; vgl. unten k̂ād-.
Pages: 516
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`àd[ú]
Meaning: to be worn out, destroyed
Russian meaning: изнашиваться, разрушаться
Comments: The root is rather difficult to distinguish from *k`et[o] q. v.; contaminations may explain partial vocalic irregularities. Mong. *kidu- is usually compared with Turk. *Kɨd- 'to destroy' (thus KW 244, VEWT 261, TMN 1, 487-488), but this form probably does not exist: in OT (8th c.) there is a dubious Hap. leg. qɨdmaz 'did not spare (?)', but all other sources (starting with MK) have only *Kɨj- and its reflexes (see EDT 595) - which is quite a different root, see *gijo. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *KAdu-
Meaning: 1 to stick in 2 sting 3 to sew
Russian meaning: 1 втыкать 2 жало 3 сшивать строчкой, оторачивать, вышивать
Tatar: qajɨ- 3, Sib. qajal- 'to be piqued'
Turkmen: Gaja- 3
Khakassian: xaza- 1
Kirghiz: qajɨ- 1
Kazakh: qajɨ- 3
Noghai: qajɨ- 3
Bashkir: qaj- 3, qajaw 2
Karakalpak: qajɨ- 3
Kumyk: qajɨ- 3
Comments: EDT 596, ЭСТЯ 5, 180-181. The root should be distinguished from *Kāta- 'to stick in, nail' (v. sub *kā́jta). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-tat,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *kidu-
Meaning: to slaughter, destroy
Russian meaning: убивать, разрушать
Written Mongolian: kidu- (L 464) Middle Mongolian: kidu- (SH) Khalkha: x́ada-
Ordos: xudu-
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-ord,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xadü-
Meaning: to be worn out, become thin, fragile
Russian meaning: изнашиваться, истончаться, становиться хрупким
Evenki: adīŋ- 'to diminish'
Even: ad-
Orok: xadụ-
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-ork,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kùntù-ra-
Meaning: to be destroyed, break down
Russian meaning: разрушаться, ломаться
Old Japanese: kudu-ra-
Middle Japanese: kùdù-ra-
Tokyo: kuzuré-
Kyoto: kúzúré-
Kagoshima: kùzùrè-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kād-
Meaning : to fight, kill
Proto-South Dravidian: *kād- dravet-meaning,dravet-sdr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *kād-
Meaning : to fight, kill
Tamil : kātu (kāti-)
Tamil meaning : to kill, murder, cut, divide; n. murder
Tamil derivates : kātal killing, fighting, cutting, breaking
Kannada : kādu
Kannada meaning : to war, fight, contend with
Kannada derivates : kāduha fighting
Tulu : kāduni
Tulu meaning : to quarrel, fight, wrestle
Tulu derivates : kādāḍuni to fight; kādāṭa a fight, war, battle
Number in DED : 1447
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-dednum,
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