Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *[sw]VjmV

Meaning: marsh

Borean: Borean

Altaic: *š[i̯a]̀mì 'island; forest'

Uralic: *śajmV 'Vertiefung, Senkung (mit einem Teich od. Bach)'

Comments: Expected *s- in Ur.

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *š[i̯à]mì

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: island; forest

Russian meaning: остров; лес

Turkic: *simek

Tungus-Manchu: *šumi ( ~ č-)

Korean: *sjǝ̄m

Japanese: *sìmà

Comments: EAS 155, Martin 234, Miller 1976, 370-371, 1979b, 17-31, Martin 1996, 35. The parallel seems quite plausible (on a similar interchange between "island" and "forest" see, e.g., under *ā́rV), but vocalism raises some doubts. The reconstruction *ši̯àmi is possible if one assumes PT *simek < *semek (which is quite possible, because the word is only attested in OUygh. and may have actually been semek), and PTM *šumi < *šimu (cf. the Udehe (An.) form simb́o - perhaps archaic).

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *simek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: forest, jungle

Russian meaning: лес, чаща

Old Turkic: simek (OUygh.)

Comments: EDT 828-829.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *šumi ( ~ č-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 foreland, shallow place 2 tussock

Russian meaning: 1 коса, отмель 2 кочка

Evenki: čumi 1, čumdikēn, čummikē 2 (Вас. 529)

Negidal: čụmịxān 1

Udighe: simb́o 2 (An.)

Comments: ТМС 2, 86, 414.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *sjǝ̄m

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: island

Russian meaning: остров

Modern Korean: sǝm

Middle Korean: sjǝ̄m

Comments: Nam 305, KED 953.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *sìmà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: island

Russian meaning: остров

Old Japanese: sima

Middle Japanese: sìmà

Tokyo: shimá

Kyoto: shímà

Kagoshima: shimá

Comments: JLTT 524.

Uralic etymology :

Number: 936

Proto: *śajmV

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: low ground (with a pond or brook)

German meaning: Vertiefung, Senkung (mit einem Teich od. Bach)

Udmurt (Votyak): śum (S G) 'durch Überschwemmung entstandener Teich, Sumpf; Teich, Bucht' ?

Khanty (Ostyak): sajǝm (V O), sojǝm (DN) 'Bach; Tälchen, Senkung, tiefe Stelle zwischen Heiden, Erdrücken und quer durch solche; Tälchen mit einem Bach; Vertiefung durch eine Sandbank' ?

Mansi (Vogul): sōjǝm (KU P) 'Bach', sōjim (P) 'Wald am Bachesrand', sojim (LM) 'sumpfiger Morast', sɔ̄jǝm (So.) 'Bach' ( > Komi I Le. sojim 'густой, труднопроходимый еловый лес на болотистом месте')

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : CVMV

Meaning : marsh, uncultivated land

Eurasiatic : *[sw]VjmV

Afroasiatic : *ĉVym-

Afroasiatic etymology :

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