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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *kVCV
Meaning: slanting
Indo-European: (*geus- 'corner'?)
Kartvelian: Georg. gez-ad 'schief, schräge, schiel'
References: ND 702 *gaźV 'slanting, skew, bent' (Georg.+Ur.). Probably some confusion with *gwVZV 'direction, road'. Cf. also forms in ND 1205 *ḲUsV 'to bend, bow': Perm. *kȯskV- 'bend', SDr. *kus- 'bend, stoop' + various SH). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *kĕ̀č`á
Meaning: slanting, oblique
Russian meaning: косой
Comments: Cf. *k`i̯ŏ́ǯa, *kéč`à (the three roots are sometimes difficult to distinguish). The medial -j- in Kor. is not quite clear. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Kač-
Meaning: slanting
Russian meaning: косой
Turkish: kačɨk
Tatar: qaʒaj- (Sib.)
Khakassian: xaǯɨ-, xasxax 'bent backward'
Shor: qazɨr- 'to bend'
Chuvash: xoś- 'to bend'
Tuva: xažɨj-tɨr
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-chv,turcet-tuv,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *keče
Meaning: 1 slope 2 to be slanting, oblique, steep
Russian meaning: 1 склон, откос 2 косой, пологий, крутой
Written Mongolian: keč 1 (L 440: keče 2) Khalkha: xec 1
Buriat: xesɨ- 2
Dagur: keči 'edge, bank, shore' (MD 182) monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-dun,monget-dag,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kečeri-
Meaning: to turn, change sides
Russian meaning: поворачивать(ся)
Ulcha: kečeri-mbuči-
Nanai: kečeri-
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-ulc,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *kjǝ́čh
Meaning: side
Russian meaning: сторона
Modern Korean: kjǝt [kjǝth]
Middle Korean: kjǝ́čh
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kàntúa
Meaning: angle, corner
Russian meaning: угол
Middle Japanese: kàdó
Tokyo: kádo
Kyoto: kàdó
Kagoshima: kadó
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1308
Proto: *kečlV
English meaning: curved, bent
German meaning: schief, krumm
Finnish: kehlo 'Napf, Milchgelte; (SKES) reen kori; (laiha) ihmisen ruumis; Schlittenßkorb; (magerer) Menschenkörper'
Mari (Cheremis): kǝšǝl (KB) 'der Faßreif', (Beitr. 262) O kǝ̑šǝ̑l id. (Ramst.)
Udmurt (Votyak): ki̮č́iĺ (J) 'schief (Wichm.: FUFA 16:49)
Komi (Zyrian): ki̮či̮ĺ (Ud. I) 'krumm, schief, S ki̮čol 'Umweg'
K. Redei's notes: Finn. o, tscher. l und wotj.-syrj. ĺ sind Ableitungssuffixe. Das tscher. Wort gelangte ins Tschuw.: kǝ̑žǝ̑l 'Fußreif'. Die Zusammenstellung ist semantisch unsicher. Möglicherweise sind die Bedeutungen finn. 'Napf, Milchgelte' und tscher. 'Faßreif' sekundär und sind aus den eventuellen ursprünglichen Bedeutungen 'schief, krumm' entstanden. Zum Bedeutungsverhältnis finn. 'Napf, Milchgelte', tscher. 'Faßreif' und wotj.-syrj. 'schief, krumm' vgl. finn. kehkerä 'rund, gewölbt' - mord. E kičkeŕe, M kičkor 'krumm, schief - tscher. KB kǝškär 'großer Zylinder aus Lindenrinde'.
References: Beitr. 262; Räsänen: MSFOu. 48:247; Toivonen: FUF 19:135, 226; Uotila: MSFOu. 65:424; E. Itkonen: Vir. 1948:140; Moor: ALH 2:34, 53; SKES.
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-redei,uralet-lit,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVCV
Meaning : ring, hook
Amerind (misc.) : *ḳuCu 'knee; curved' (under *ḳutu 'elbow' R 219); *q̇uča 'elbow' (R 221) [+ A K] globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-amer,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *k[ǝ̄]č̣wɨ̆́
Meaning: hook
Sino-Tibetan: Burm. khjit 'hook; boat-hook; buckle'
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *kɨ̄č̣wɨ̆
Meaning: hook, curved
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Except for assimilative glottalisation in some languages (which is a usual phenomenon), correspondences are regular. The root must have specifically meant 'hook, hook for fastening > clasp, buckle' (which explains the frequent semantic shift > 'button'). An apparent EC loan is Georg. kič̣o 'meat-hook (of a butcher).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *kōč̣el-iḳ ( ~ -ǯ-)
Meaning: stick with a hook; hook, gaff
Chechen: kȫžalg
Ingush: kožolg
Comments: 4th class in Chech., 6th class in Ing. In the Russ.-Chech. dictionary the Chech. word is glossed as kožalg; in the Russ.-Chech.-Ing. dictionary - as kožolg. The word has an *-l-suffix (with a following diminutive). The suffixless stem is probably reflexed in Chech. ḳāža 'hinge, door-hinge' (with an assimilation ḳ- < k-, as in some other EC languages).
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ḳič̣V
Meaning: 1 hook 2 hinge, buckle 3 noose 4 loop
Avar: ḳič̣ 1,3
Chamalal: ḳič̣ʷ 2
Godoberi: ḳič̣i 4
Comments: Cf. also Av. ḳič̣- 'to bend', God. ḳič̣-ĩ id. A quite strange form is Av. (Uslar) kuc 'metallic button' - is it a dialectal form of the same root, modified under influence of kuc 'shape'?
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-chm,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *kVč̣(ʷ)V
Meaning: 1 hook 2 buckle 3 hoop
Tsezi: kač̣u 3
Khvarshi: kač̣u (Radzhibov)
Inkhokvari: kač̣u 2
Gunzib: ḳɔ̃č̣i 1
Comments: PTsKh *kač̣u. The Gunz. form is somewhat irregular (assimilated ḳ- < k- and unclear vocalism with nasalisation); still it is difficult to separate it from the PTsKh form. We deal, perhaps, in this case with old interdialectal borrowing. The Tsezian languages have some other resembling forms which are still harder to explain phonetically: PGB *geža 'button, buttonhole' (Bezht. Tlad. geža, Khosh. geza 'button', Gunz. geža 'buttonhole'); Bezht. Tlad. gečä, Khosh. geco 'buckle'; Gin. kiči 'ring', Bezht. kiči 'lace-knot'. These are most probably results of contaminations and old interlingual / interdialectal borrowings.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: ḳič̣
Meaning: button
Lak form: ḳič̣
Comments: Cf. Khosr. ḳič̣ id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *ḳič̣
Meaning: hook; buckle
Akusha: ḳič̣
Comments: Cf. also Ur. ḳič̣ 'hook; button', Kub. č̣ič̣ id, Kharb. č̣ič̣ 'button', Tsud., Sirg. ḳič̣, Muir., Kait. č̣ič̣ 'hook'.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ḳuč̣
Meaning: 1 button 2 hook, buckle 3 door lock 4 hooked, bent
Agul: ḳuč̣ 1
Rutul: ḳɨč̣ 2
Tsakhur: ḳɨč̣ 1
Archi: ḳič̣ 3
Udi: k:oč:I 4
Comment: Cf. also Arch. plur. ḳoč̣-or. Obl. base *ḳuč̣ɨ- (cf. Rut. ḳɨč̣i-, Tsakh. ḳɨč̣ɨ-). 3d class in Rut. and Arch., 4th class in Tsakh. Vinogradova-Klimov (1979, 157) supposed that the word was borrowed from Armenian (k:ǝč:ak: 'button'), but this is unacceptable: the Arm. form has no Indoeuropean etymology and is most probably borrowed from Caucasian. See Лексика 1971, 214; Хайдаков 1973, 93; Талибов 1980, 289.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *kēč ( ~ g-, -ǯ)
Meaning: to bend
Ket: abɨ-ɣɛ̄t 'es biegt sich'
Yug: kɛ:ht́
Comments: Werner 1, 421 (w.r.).
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *khaỵ
Meaning: hook
Yasin: kha
Hunza: khaỵ
Nagar: khaỵ
Comments: Sh. khã́ã
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,buruet-notes,
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