Nostratic etymology : List with all references

Eurasiatic: *muḳe ?

Meaning: to close, be wrapped up

Altaic: *múk`è

Uralic: *mukV 'hump, bent, protuberance'

Dravidian: *mUg-

Comments: Cf. *mVgdV

Proto-Altaic: *múk`è

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to wrap, tie up

Russian meaning: заворачивать, завязывать

Mongolian: *muku-

Tungus-Manchu: *muK-

Korean: *moka-

Japanese: *mák-

Comments: Cf. *ma[k`]o.

Proto-Mongolian: *muku-, *mökü-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to wrap, tie up 2 to make round 3 rounded, spherical

Russian meaning: 1 заворачивать, завязывать 2 округлять 3 округленный, сферический

Written Mongolian: muqulaji-da- 1 (L 553: muqulajid- 2, muqulaɣ, muquliɣ 3); mökülig, mökürig 3 (L 545, 546)

Khalkha: muxlaj-da- 1, muxlag, möxlög 3

Buriat: müxerēn 3

Monguor: moŋGuloG, muŋGuloG (SM 239, 248) 3, muGu 'petites pierres rondes avec lesquelles les enfants jouent' (SM 244)

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *muK-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 cover, case 2 covered tent 3 ring, neck ring of sable tails 4 globular

Russian meaning: 1 покрышка, чехол 2 крытый шалаш 3 кольцо, опушка из собольих хвостов вокруг шеи 4 шаровидный

Evenki: mukāk 2, muku 1, mukče 4

Literary Manchu: muxi 3

Comments: ТМС 1, 550, 552, 554. Some other forms (Sol. mụxali 'globular', Man. muχaĺan 'pellet', Nan. muxergiẽ 'ring' etc.) may be borrowed < Mong., see Doerfer MT 118, 144, Rozycki 159; but for the forms listed above it is highly unlikely.

Proto-Korean: *moka-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bundle 2 numerative for bundles

Russian meaning: 1 связка 2 счетное слово для связок

Modern Korean: mogami 1, mogä 2

Comments: The forms are quoted from SKE 150 (where they are incorrectly compared with Mong. boɣ-ča etc.); KED 627 lists only mogä "all together, in the lump".

Proto-Japanese: *mák-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to wrap, wind around, tie into

Russian meaning: заворачивать, обматывать

Old Japanese: mak-

Middle Japanese: mák-

Tokyo: màk-

Kyoto: mák-

Kagoshima: mák-

Comments: JLTT 720.

Number: 1438

Proto: *mukV-ĺa

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: hump, swelling

German meaning: Knollen, Geschwulst

Finnish: mukula 'Knollen, Knorren, Knorz; Krabbe, Racker' ? (cf. also mukura 'Höcker')

Estonian: mugulas (gen. mugula) 'Knollen'

Mari (Cheremis): mǝ̆ɣǝ̑ĺ (KB), muɣǝ̑l (U) 'Auswuchs, Beule; krumm (vom Baum)', muɣǝ̑ĺ, muɣuĺ (B) 'Knollen (am Baume)' Geschwulst (im Leibe); Buckel' ? [ > Chuv. mǝ̑Gǝ̑ĺ 'Beule, Auswuchs, Knöchel'] (cf. also mǝ̑ɣǝ̑r 'Höcker')

Udmurt (Votyak): mi̮ĺi, me̮ĺ (Wied.), me̮ĺ (G) 'Brand im Getreide' ?

Komi (Zyrian): mi̮ĺ (V Ud.) 'Geschwulst; Eiterbeule, Geschwür', miĺ (PO) 'Geschwür' ?

Proto-Dravidian : *mUg-

Meaning : to close (of a flower)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *mug-/*mogg-

Proto-Telugu : *mog-[uḍ-]

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *mug-

Proto-South Dravidian : *mug-/*mogg-

Meaning : to bud

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : mukiẓ (-v-, -nt-)

Tamil meaning : to appear in the form of a bud

Tamil derivates : (-pp-, -tt-) to bud, put forth buds, appear, fold or close up as a flower in petals, shut as the eyes; display, cause to appear, bear, bring forth; kai-mmukiẓ (-pp-, -tt-) to join the palms of the hands, as in salute, prayer, etc.; mukiẓam flower-bud about to bloom; mukiẓi (-pp-, -tt-) to fold or close up as a flower its petals, shut as the eyes; mukai (-v-, -nt-; -pp-, -tt-) to bud; n. opening bud; mūẓ (-pp-, -tt-) to close as a bud; n. flower-bud; mokku flower-bud; bud-like designs on saris; mokkuḷ flower-bud; mokkuḷi (-pp-, -tt-) to gather up

Malayalam : mukiẓ

Malayalam meaning : a sprout, bud

Kannada : mugi

Kannada meaning : to contract, shut up or close as a flower, close, shut as eyes, mouth, etc., join the two hands with the open palms brought together

Kannada derivates : mugisu to close (a flower; tr.); muguḷ to close or shut as the eyelids, bud, sprout; muguḷ, mugaḷu bud, opening bud; muguḷcu to cause to contract, close or shut; shut; moggu, mogge, maggu a bud; (Hav.) muguṭu flower-bud

Tulu : mugiyuni

Tulu meaning : to close, contract, shut up

Tulu derivates : kai m. to salute; muguru sprout, shoot, bud; tender, delicate; muguruni, mukuruni to bud, sprout; muggè, moggè flower-bud, germ; (BRR; Bhattacharya, non-brahmin informant) mukkè bud

Proto-Nilgiri : *mug-

Miscellaneous : KOR (O) mūke flower-bud

Notes : The forms *mug- 'to bud; to close (as flower)', mostly used in suffixal forms (*mug-i-, *mug-iṛ-) and *mogg- 'flower-bud' may be seen as related, but it's very hard to derive one from another. Both forms go back to PSDR.

Number in DED : 4893

Proto-Nilgiri : *mug-

Meaning : to salute

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : mūv- (mūd-)

Toda : koy mux- (muxɵ-)

Additional forms : Also Kota kay mūv- to make an añjali; movc- (movc-) (priest) prays to god for someone else, moving right hand up and down

Number in DED : 4893

Proto-Telugu : *mog-[uḍ-]

Meaning : to close, be closed, contract, be folded

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : moguḍu

Additional forms : Also mogiḍincu to close, shut, fold, bring together; [1] mogucu, [2] moguḍucu, [3] moguḍcu, [4] mōḍucu, [5] mōḍcu to close, shut up, contract, fold; [1] mogga, [2] mogaḍa a bud; mōḍupu state of being closed or shut

Number in DED : 4893

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *mug-

Meaning : to be closed

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Konda : mūg- (-it-)

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *muk-

Notes : Causative form in PPM. Kui mogo, Gondi moy 'bud' may be borrowed from Telugu.

Konda : mūg- (-it-)

Meaning: to be closed

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Additional forms : Also Konda mūk- (-t-) to close

Number in DED : 4893

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *muk-

Meaning : to shut (mouth)

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Manda : muk-

Number in DED : 4893

Nostratic etymology :

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South Dravidian etymology :

Nilgiri etymology :

Telugu etymology :

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Konda etymology :

Pengo-Manda etymology :