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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *mVrV
Meaning: berry
References: ОСНЯ 2, 43-44, МССНЯ 373; ND 1473 *mar(y)V '(mul-, black-) berries'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *mor-
Meaning: blackberry, mulberry
Armenian: mor `Brombeere'
Old Greek: móro-n n. `Maulbeere, Brombeere'
Latin: mōrus, gen. -ī f. `Maulbeerbaum', mōrum, -ī n. `Maulbeere, Brombeere'
Celtic: MIr mer-enn `Maulbeere'; Ir smēr, Ir smēar `Brombeere'; Cymr merwydd-en `Maulbeere'; Cymr. pl. mwyar Maulbeere'; OCorn moyr-bren `mōrus', Bret mouar `mōra'
Russ. meaning: растение (ежевика/шелковица)
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-arm,piet-greek,piet-lat,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1329
Root: moro-
English meaning: blackberry
German meaning: `Brombeere' (dann südeurop. auf die Maulbeere übertragen)
Material: Arm. mor, mori, moreni `Brombeere'; gr. μόρον (μω̃ρον Hes.) `Maulbeere; Brombeere'; cymr. merwydden `Maulbeere', ist aber mit e als Umlaut von. о auch als eine Weiterbildung eines keltischen moro- deutbar; lat. mōrum `Maulbeere, Brombeere' gr. Lw., lat. ō als Ersatz des geschlossenen gr. o- gut aus Entlehnung erklärbar; ist also etwa ein *mŏrum `Brombeere' durch das entlehnte mōrum aus μόρον lautlich absorbiert worden? Ob zu mer-3 S. 734?
Aus dem Lat. stammen ahd. mūr-, mōrbere, mhd. mūlber `Maulbeere' und lit. mõras ds.
References: WP. II 306, WH. II 114, Specht Idg. Dekl. 119.
Pages: 749
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *méra
Meaning: a k. of berry
Russian meaning: вид ягоды
Comments: ОСНЯ 2, 44, Дыбо 11. Turk. *bürü-lgen < *berü-lgen with labial attraction. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *bürü-lgen
Meaning: a k. of berry
Russian meaning: вид ягоды
Tatar: börlegen
Uighur: bölǯü(r)gän
Chuvash: peʷrleʷxen
Kirghiz: büldürkön
Kazakh: büldirgen
Noghai: bö/üldirgen
Bashkir: börδögɛn
Comments: VEWT 93, Лексика 139-140 (forms like Kaz. büldirgen may reflect the same stem: *bürül-degen). Cf. also Mong. forms: bürelgene 'калина', bȫrölgönö 'костяника' which may be of Turkic origin. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-tat,turcet-uig,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *maril
Meaning: a k. of red round berry or fruit
Russian meaning: вид красной круглой ягоды или плода
Written Mongolian: maril (МХТТТ) Khalkha: maril
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *m[e]rVŋV
Meaning: 1 rowan 2 cloudberry
Russian meaning: 1 рябина 2 морошка
Evenki: moroŋo 2
Nanai: mīrēŋkule (Он. 263) 1 tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *mǝ̀r'úi
Meaning: grapes
Russian meaning: виноград
Modern Korean: mǝru
Middle Korean: mǝ̀r'úi
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 527
Proto: *marja
English meaning: berry
German meaning: Berre
Finnish: marja 'Beere'
Estonian: mari (gen. marja) ( > Komi Lu. kaś mar 'костяника, Steinbeere', Ud. marja tuś 'id.; Ackerbeere')
Saam (Lapp): muor'je -rj- (N), muor'jē (L), mī̊rje (T), mūrj (Kld.), muorj (Not.), murj (A)
Mordovian: maŕ (E M) 'Beere; Apfel' (in comp.)
Mari (Cheremis): mör (KB B), mörö (U) 'Beere, Gartenerdbeere'
Khanty (Ostyak): lewsi murwa (VK) 'Nadelzweig' ?, murǝp (Trj.) 'Beerendolde', (O) 'gebundenes Büschel (von Sumpfbrombeeren)', (J) 'Traube, Kätzchen'
Mansi (Vogul): moåri (LM) 'Beerenbüschel', moriŋ, morip (N) 'Beere mit Traube'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-khn,uralet-man,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *marc̣q̇w-
Russian meaning: земляника
English meaning: wild strawberry
Georgian: marc̣q̇v-
Megrel: murɣ- ( < *marʔ- < *marc̣q̇(w)-)
Svan: basq̇-i, bäsq̇
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 127, EWK 230. Иллич-Свитыч (ОСНЯ 2, 43-44) предлагает рассматривать основу как преобразование сложения *mar-cinq̇wa- (см. *cinq̇wa-). Компонент *mar- он возводит к ностр. *marja 'ягода' (ср. урал. *marja, ПИЕ *mor-, алт. *miarV).
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-sva,kartet-notes,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : MVRV
Meaning : a k. of berry
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HmérV
Meaning: a k. of berry
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *mer(ʔ)V
Meaning: a k. of berry
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. We must note some interlingual loans: 1) since the Lak and Darg. (Chir.) forms have an identical reduplication, it is probable that one of them borrowed from another (probably Darg. < Lak., since the form is known only in the Chirag dialect of Darg.); 2) Archi has a word mam 'raspberry', usually in the combination gʷac:ilin mam (lit. "mare's nipple"). It is probable that Archi borrowed the Lak. form mamar(i) and reinterpreted the -ar(i) part as the plural suffix, thus building a neologism mam (coinciding phonetically with mam 'nipple, breast' which is of course quite coincidental). A form like PN *mur-iḳ (*mor-iḳ), reflected in Chech. mürg, was probably the source of Osset. murḳä 'guelderrose', further - Ad. marāḳʷa, Kab. mārḳʷa 'strawberry, blackberry', Ub. mǝ(r)ḳ́a- id., Abaz. maraḳʷa 'mulberry', Balk. marako 'strawberry' etc. This direction of borrowing is probable because in PN the element -iḳ is easily recognized as a suffix.
See Abayev 1973, 141; Shagirov 1, 266 with literature.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *mor- ( ~ -u-, -V̄-)
Meaning: guelder rose, snowball-tree
Chechen: mürg
Comments: The Chech. form goes back to a suffixed form with diminutive *-iḳ.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: mamari
Meaning: blackberry
Lak form: mamari
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *mVmVrV
Meaning: raspberry
Chiragh: mimre
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-chr,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *merV(j)
Meaning: blackberry
Lezghian: mere
Tabasaran: mer-er
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Nüt. mar-ar id.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *mor (~-ur)
Meaning: grain
Burmese: munʔ bread.
Lushai: hmor-hāŋ name of a sp. of rice.
Lepcha: jă-mór-zo a spec. of zo (rice)
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-burm,stibet-lush,stibet-lepcha,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *baʔr1ɨn (~ *banɨr1;-ŕ-)
Meaning: bird-cherry
Ket: baĺn5, pl. baĺneŋ5
Yug: banɨr5, pl. banɨrɨŋ5
Comments: ССЕ 206. Werner 1, 101 <*banǝʎ / *baʎǝn>.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *mar
Meaning: 1 to pick mulberries 2 white grape
Hunza: margún 2
Nagar: mar man-́ 1
Comments: Sh. margún
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,buruet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *mar̄- / *mar̄uhi / *mahur̄i
Meaning: 1 strawberry 2 mulberry, blackberry
Bizkaian: masusta 2
Gipuzkoan: marrubi 1, masusta 2
Low Navarrese: mazura 2, mazuzta 2, (Aldude) mahurri 1
Salazarese: maurri 1
Lapurdian: (arc) marrobi 1, marzusta 2
Zuberoan: marhüga 2, masusa 2
Roncalese: marzuza, mazuza 2, (Uztárroz) mazura 1
Comments: This is etymologically distinct from other Bsq words for 'strawberry' (see *maguli / *malugi). There has however clearly been some blending of reflexes of *maguli / *malugi with those of *mar̄uhi / *mahur̄i. Latin marrubiu 'horehound' (Trask 1997: 309: quite a different plant) is probably a chance resemblance. Words for 'mulberry, blackberry' seem to contain *mar̄- (= PEC *(H)mer(ʔ)V) + a mysterious morph *-SuS(t)a - related to *śaśi 'thorn, bramble'?
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-bnv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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