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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *(H)wiɫV
Meaning: wet
Comments: Cf. *ɣwVĺV.
References: МССНЯ 333. ND 2479 *w[i]ḷ(i)qV 'liquid; moist, damp' (+ incorr. Alt., Arab.), 2484 *w[iḷ]Ḳa 'wet, moist'. Perhaps here also the words for 'meadow' (IE: Hitt. wellu-, Lat. vallis, Kartv. *wel-, ? Cush., see ND 2478 *w[i/e]ḷ/ĺ(h)V 'field, plain' - or cf. to SC *ʔwēƛ̣V'grass'?). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-chuk,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *welk-, -g-
Meaning: moist
Celtic: OIr folc `Wasserflut', folcaim `bade, wasche'; Cymr golchi `waschen', Corn golhy `waschen', Bret gwalc'hi `waschen'
Russ. meaning: влажный
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: воло́га
Near etymology: "жидкость, жидкий жир как приправа; кушанье" (Кирша Данилов), "вареная говядина, рыба и вообще приправа к щам, ухе, а также вареная жидкая пища", арханг. (Подв.), "приправа к еде", олонецк. (Кулик.), укр. воло́га "жирная жидкость", др.-русск. волога "похлебка, пища" и др. (Домостр. К. 45 и сл.), ст.-слав. влага νοτία (Супр.), болг. вла́га, сербохорв. вла̏га, словен. vlága, чеш. vláha, слвц. vlaha, в.-луж. wɫoha, н.-луж. wɫoga.
Further etymology: Другая ступень вокализма: во́лгкий, во́лглый, во́лгнуть, Во́лга. Родственны лит. válgyti "есть", vìlgyti "мочить", лтш. val̂gs "влажный", vęlgs "влажный, влажность", лит. pavalgá "приправа, закуска", д.-в.-н. welc "влажный, увядший", wolkan "облако", макед. Ο῎λγανος -- название реки, др.-инд. vr̥janī́ "облако", ирл. folc "поток", folcaim "мою"; см. Траутман, BSW 358; Лиден, GHÅ 26, 1920, стр. 95; Педерсен, Kelt. Gr. 1, 59; М. -- Э. З, 132; 4, 454, 530; Торп 402 и сл.; Ягич, AfslPh 2, 398; Брюкнер, KZ 45, 104.
Pages: 1,340
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *walk-ā̂ f., *walk-a- adj., *walk-a- c.; *wal̂g-a-, -n-a- (2) adj., *welg- vb. tr., *walg-, *wil̂g- (2) vb. intr., *wal̂g-ī̂- vb.
Meaning: wet, moist; pool, puddle
Lithuanian: valkà `Pfütze, Lache' || vìlgīti `an-, befeuchten, nass machen', vìlgti `feucht, nass werden'; válgīti 'essen'
Lettish: valks `feucht', val̂kums2 'feuchte Stelle; Feuchtigkeit'; val̂ks2, val̂ka2 `fliessendes Wässerchen, Waldbächlein, (Regen)bach; feuchter Ort' || val̂g-s 'feucht', val̂gn-s, vàlgns `feucht, betaut', val̂gt, vàlgt (-gstu, -gu) `feucht werden'; vil̂gt (-gstu, -gu) `feucht werden'; vęl̂gs 'feucht'; vel̂gt (-dzu) `waschen; einweichen, feucht machen'
Old Prussian: welgen `Schnupfen' V. 157
Comments: Cf. Jatv. fala 'meat' (?).
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,baltet-oprus,baltet-notes,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *wílxa-, *walgá-; *wilka-, *walk=, *wulk=; *wilkēn-, *swilkēn- vb.
Meaning: weak, soft; cloud
Old Norse: { valg-r `lauw' - откуда? }
Old English: { wealg }; { weolcen; wolc n., wolcne f., welcen; wlaco, -u `lau' }
Middle English: welken `welken'
English: wallow; welk; welkin
Old Frisian: wolken `Wolke'
Old Saxon: wolkan n. `Wolke'; welk adj.
Middle Dutch: welken; welc `verwelkt, slap'; wolke f., wolken n., wolkene f.
Dutch: welken; wolk f.
Old Franconian: wulca f. (or wulco m.?)
Old High German: welh `feucht, milde, welk', (ir)welhēn `weich, schwach werden'; welc `feucht, lauwarm, weich, welk' (8.Jh.); welken; { swelchen `welken' }; wolkan n. (8.Jh.), wolka f. (9.Jh.), wolko m. (9.Jh.) `Wolke'; wal(a)h (11.Jh.) `lau'
Middle High German: wëlc, wëlch, wilch 'feucht; lau, weich, milde, gelinde; welk'; wolken, wulken st. n., m. 'wolke, gewölk', wolke st./wk. f., wolke wk. m., wolk st. m. 'ds.'; swëlc 'welk, mürbe'; wëlken, swëlken wk. '"swelk" werden'
German: welk; welken; Wolke f.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-oengl,germet-mengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-olfrank,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 2135
Root: u̯elk-2, u̯elg-
English meaning: wet, damp
German meaning: `feucht, naß'
Material: 1. u̯elk-: Air. folc `Wasserflut', folcaim `bade, wasche', cymr. golchi, corn. golhy, bret. gwalc'hi `waschen'; ahd. welh (neben welc, s. u.) `feucht, milde, welk', (ir)welhēn `weich, schwach werden', mnd. welen `welken', ags. wealg `geschmacklos, widerlich', engl. wallow, nisl. valgr `lau'; wohl auch norw. valen `gefühllos oder erstorben vor Kälte'; lett. valks `feucht', valka `fließendes Wässerchen, feuchter Ort'; illyr. FlN Volcos, ON Οὐολκαι̃α ἕλη. 2. u̯elg-: ahd. welc `feucht, milde, welk', mnd. walcheit `macies', welk `welk, dürre', mengl.welkin `welken'; mit anderer Vokalstellung ags. wlæc, wlacu `lauwarm', mnd. wlak ds. (mit anl. s- mhd. swelk `welk', swelken, ahd. swelchen `welken'); vermutlich ahd. wolchan n., wolcha f., as.wolkan n. `Wolke';
lit. vìlgau, -yti, válgyti `anfeuchten', vìlkšnas `feucht', ablaut. apr. welgen n. `Schnupfen', lett. valgums `Feuchtigkeit', vęl̂gans und val̂gs `feucht', auch lit. val̃gis `Speise', válgau, -yti `essen' (vom Begriff der flüssigen, breiigen Nahrung aus, vgl. russ. vológa `flüssige Nahrung');
slav. *vъlgъkъ `feucht' in russ.-ksl. vъlgъkъ, dazu poln. wilgnąć `feucht werden', russ. voĺgnutь ds., ablaut. *u̯ōlgā in aksl. vlaga f. `Feuchtigkeit', russ. vológa `Flüssigkeit, Zukost', dazu volóžitь `anfeuchten, mit Butter kochen'; hierher der russ. FlN Wólga (= čech. FlN Vlha, poln. FlN Wilga) aus slav. *Vьlga.
References: WP. I 306, Trautmann 358, Vasmer 1, 216 f., 219.
Pages: 1145-1146
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ŭ̀lu ( ~ *o-)
Meaning: to soak, wet
Russian meaning: мокнуть, мочить
Comments: KW 448, EAS 110 (Mong.-Tung.), Murayama 1962, 110 (Jpn.-TM). Korean has standard verbal low tone. In Turk. cf. perhaps Yak. ul- 'to melt'; Kaz. ɨlɣal, Turk. ɨɣal 'dampness' (ЭСТЯ 1, 645-646). altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *(h)ulum
Meaning: swamp
Russian meaning: болото
Written Mongolian: ulum
Khalkha: ulam 'зыбкое, топкое место' (БАМРС) Buriat: ulam 'ford'
Kalmuck: ulm
Ordos: ulum 'ford'
Comments: KW 448. The Buryat and Ordos meaning has been influenced by olom 'ford' (v. sub *óĺa). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ula-
Meaning: 1 to soak, wet 2 river
Russian meaning: 1 мочить 2 река
Evenki: ula- 1
Even: ụl- 1
Spoken Manchu: ulā 'large river' (2090)
Literary Manchu: ulGa- 1, ula 2
Jurchen: ula (49) 2
Orok: ụla- 1
Nanai: ụlarịkō (dial.) 'wet'
Udighe: ula- 1
Solon: ụlakkū
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *ùrí-
Meaning: to steep, soak
Russian meaning: вымачивать
Modern Korean: uri-
Middle Korean: ùrí-
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *ùrù-p-
Meaning: to soak, wet
Russian meaning: мокнуть
Old Japanese: urup(w)op-
Middle Japanese: ùrùf-
Tokyo: uruó-
Kyoto: úrúó-
Kagoshima: uruó-
Comments: JLTT 780. Accent in Kagoshima is irregular. japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1118
Proto: *waδ́kV
English meaning: small river; river bend or portion of river between two bends
German meaning: kleiner Fluss; Krümmung bzw. Strecke des Flusses zwischen zwei Krümmungen
Komi (Zyrian): voĺ, voĺ-ju (S) 'ein kleiner Fluß', ve̮ĺ (Vō) 'воль; ein rechter Nebenfluß der oberen Vyčegda'
Khanty (Ostyak): wăɣǝл́ (Trj.) 'ein Zufluß des Ob', wŏχaл́ (Kaz.) 'Wogule', wŏχaл́-jŏχaṇ 'Вогулка (речка)'
Mansi (Vogul): vuoĺ (LM) 'Flußkrümmung', wōĺ (KU KM P LO), wɔ̄ĺ (So.) 'Flußstrecke'
Hungarian: völgy 'Tal; (veralt.) Mark, Kern'
Nenets (Yurak): wäej (Nj.) 'längere gerade Strecke des Flusses zwischen zwei Krümmungen; плёсо'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *ol-
Meaning : to flow, gush forth
Proto-South Dravidian: *ol- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *ol-
Meaning : river; to flow
Tamil : oliyal
Tamil meaning : river
Malayalam : oliyuka
Malayalam meaning : to flow
Malayalam derivates : olikka to flow, run as water, blood from wounds; olippu flowing, looseness of bowels; olivu flowing; (Tiyya) olu water-current; ōluka to flow, ooze out; ōla trickling; ōli a spring, temporary well; ōlōla falling in drops, trickling
Miscellaneous : IRU uli waterfall; PALKU, ALKU oli waterfall
Number in DED : 0999
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kt,sdret-misc,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *ol_-ĭ
Meaning : waterfall
Kota : oyḷ "waterfall in channel or river"
Toda : was_y
Additional forms : Also Toda was_f- (was_t-) to defecate (of adults); wāl pɨɫ̣ drainage hole in wall (cf. 4317)
Number in DED : 999
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *ol-
Meaning : to be spilled, run, flow, overflow, gush out
Telugu : oluku
Number in DED : 999
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,
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Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *-hiɫĭ-
Meaning (Rus.): пить
kamet-prnum,kamet-meaning,kamet-chuk,kamet-itel,
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Chukchee-Koryak etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *ʁici-: *if-ʁici-
Meaning (Rus.): пить 1, пить воду 2, поить 3
Chukchee: ikwici-, ikwucí- 1, r-ikwuc-ɛ́w- 'спаивать', 3
Koryak: iwwici- 1, 2
Palan: iwhic̨i-, hivhic̨i- 1, 2
Alutor: iwʔici- 2, t-iwʔic-at- 3
chuket-prnum,chuket-meaning,chuket-chu,chuket-kor,chuket-pal,chuket-alu,
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Itelmen etymology :
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Proto-Itelmen: *'ǝɣil-
Meaning (Rus.): пить
Itelmen: ɣel-kes (ɣil-) 1, ɫin-ɣil-es 2
Itelmen meaning: пить 1, поить 2
West Itelmen: ɣǝĺ-kaz (ɣil-in part.) 1, šin-ɣil-ɨz, s/šǝń-ɣǝl-ez 2
West Itelmen meaning: bibere (bibitus) 1
West Itelmen meaning (Polish): pić (wypity) 1, napoić 2
Number in Volodin 1976: 29, 49, 201
itelet-prnum,itelet-meaning,itelet-ite,itelet-itemea,itelet-wit,itelet-witmea,itelet-witmep,itelet-vol,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : HVLV
Meaning : wet
Sino-Caucasian : ? Cf. ST *liwH 'wash' (unless < Austric, see *lVHwV)
African (misc.) : Cf. Macro-Khoisan *ƛV "water". globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-afr,
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