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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *kal-
Russian meaning: женщина
English meaning: woman
Georgian: kal-
Laz: kale
Laz meaning (Rus.): девушка (обращ.) ( < груз.)
Laz meaning (Eng.): Miss (vocat.) (< Georg.)
Notes and references: В ОСНЯ 1, 295 основа сравнивается с ПИЕ *ǵǝlōw- 'золовка', урал. *kälü 'свойственница', драв. *kal- 'жена брата отца', алт. *keli 'свояк, свояченица' < ностр. *kälU.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-laz,kartet-lzmean,kartet-elzmean,kartet-notes,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *kälU
Meaning: female in-law
References: ОСНЯ 1, 295, МССНЯ 363; ND 862 *kälu/ü 'a woman of the opposite moiety'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *g'alow-, *g'lōw-
Meaning: husband's sister
Tokharian: A kŭli, B klīye 'woman' (PT *kwliye ? or *kliye) (rather here than following Adams 224 etc. to *gʷen-)
Armenian: ? tal (instead of. *cal) `Mannes Schwester' (t- nach taigr)
Old Greek: gálō-s, gen. gálō f. `Mannes Schwester'
Latin: glōs, gen. glōris f. `des Mannes Schwester, Frau des Bruders'
Russ. meaning: золовка
Comments: Slav. has a variation *g'-/g- similar to *g'helu- 'turtle' and *g'hel(w)- 'green/yellow'.
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-tokh,piet-arm,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: золо́вка
Near etymology: "сестра мужа", диал. зо́лва, зо́лвица, укр. золви́ця, цслав. зълъва γάλως, ср.-болг. злъва, болг. зъ́лва, зап.-болг. зо́лва, сербохорв. за̏ова, за̑ва, словен. zȏlva, др.-чеш. zelva, польск. zеɫwа, zоɫwа.
Further etymology: Праслав. *zъlу, род. п. *zъlъve родственно лат. glōs, род. п. glōris "золовка", греч. *γάλωος, гомер. дат. п. γαλόῳ, род. п. мн. ч. γαλόων, атт. γάλως, фриг. γέλαρος, γάλλαρος ̇ ἀδελφοῦ γυνή; см. Брандт, Jagić-Festschr. 348 и сл.; Кречмер, KZ 31, 333; Einl. 230; Вальде--Гофм. I, 610; Гофман, Gr. Wb. 41; Шпехт 89; Траутман, ВSW 373. По Мейе (Ét. 268), слав. склонение, вероятно, испытало влияние *svekry (см. свекро́вь).
Pages: 2,103
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 561
Root: ĝ(e)lōu̯-
English meaning: sister-in-law
German meaning: `Schwester des Gatten'
Material: Gr. *γάλωος in hom. Dat. Sg. und Nom. Pl. γαλόῳ, Gen. Pl. γαλόων, att. γάλως, Gen. γάλω `Mannes Schwester'; lat. glōs, glōris `Mannes Schwester, Frau des Bruders' (*ĝlō[u]s);
spätksl. zъlъva, ačech. zelva, serb. zȁova, russ. zoɫóvka `Mannes Schwester';
vielleicht auch arm. tal `Mannes Schwester' (für *cal nach taigr `Mannes Bruder').
Daß phryg. γέλαρος ἀδελφου̃ γυνή Hes., auch γάλλαρος, hierher gehört, ist höchst fraglich; ob für *γελαος verschrieben?
Nach Jokl EbertsRL. X 142b wäre der nichtpalatale Guttural durch Einfluß des ɫ bedingt, worauf auch poln. żeɫw, żoɫwica (*geluu̯ā) neben zeɫw, zoɫwica (*ĝeluu̯ā) `Schwester des Mannes' hinweisen sollen; vgl. jedoch das unter ĝhel- über bslav. gel- `gelb' Ausgeführte.
Ein gr. kons. St. *γάλω[u̯]-ς hat Übertritt (nur der Kasus obliqui) in die o-Dekl. erfahren; im Slav. liegt ein alter ū-Stamm zьly, Gen. zъlъve, vor, der mit lat. glōs verglichen werden könnte.
References: WP. I 631, WH. I 610, Schwyzer Gr. Gr. 480.
Pages: 367-368
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *kele ( ~ -i, -o)
Meaning: daughter-in-law, bride
Russian meaning: невеста, невестка
Comments: ОСНЯ 1, 296, Räsänen 1955, 18:3, 9. A well known Turk.-Tung. isogloss. Despite Doerfer TMN 3, 667 (Tung.-Turk.: "...der Vergleich zweifelhaft bleibt"; Turk. *gelin < *gel- 'come' - "ethnologisch sehr überzeugende Etymologie"...), the relation between PT *gẹl- 'to come' and *gẹlin 'daughter-in-law' is purely folk-etymological. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *gẹlin
Meaning: bride, daughter-in-law
Russian meaning: невеста, невестка
Old Turkic: keliŋ-ün (Orkh., Coll.), kelin (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: kelin (MK, KB) Turkish: gelin
Tatar: kilen
Uzbek: kelin
Uighur: kelin
Sary-Yughur: kelin (Malov)
Azerbaidzhan: gälin
Turkmen: gelin
Khakassian: kilǝn
Shor: kelin
Oyrat: kelin
Halaj: kälin (gälin < Az.)
Chuvash: kin, kilǝn-
Yakut: kijīt (*plur.)
Tuva: kelin
Tofalar: helin, henni-
Kirghiz: kelin
Kazakh: kelin
Noghai: kelin
Bashkir: kilen
Balkar: kelin
Gagauz: gelin
Karaim: kelin
Karakalpak: kelin
Kumyk: gelin
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *keli
Meaning: 1 relative-in-law 2 girl, sister
Russian meaning: 1 свойственник, -ца 2 девушка, сестра
Evenki: keli(n) 1, kiliwlī 2
Even: keli 1
Negidal: keli 1, kelewlị 2
Literary Manchu: keli 1
Ulcha: keli(n) 1
Orok: keli(n) 1
Nanai: keli 1
Oroch: keli 1
Comments: ТМС 1, 393, 446. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 265
Proto: *kälV (? *kälV-wV)
English meaning: sister-in-law
German meaning: Schwägerin
Finnish: käly 'Schwägerin, Frau des Bruders, Schwester des Mannes od. der Frau'
Estonian: käli, dial. kälü 'Bruder des Mannes, Frau des Bruders des Mannes'
Saam (Lapp): gālŏjædne -ǣn- ~ -ædnĕ -n- (N) 'sister-in-law (of husband's brother's wife)', kālōji(e)tnē (L) 'Schwägerin (Frau des Bruders od. des Vetters des Ehemanns)'
Mordovian: kijalo, kijal (E), kel (M) 'Schwägerin'
Udmurt (Votyak): kaĺi (G) 'Schwiegertochter'
Komi (Zyrian): kel (kelj-) (S), kevja (P), kel, kelja (PO) 'Schwägerin (Frau des Bruders des Mannes)'
Khanty (Ostyak): küli (V), kiлi (Trj.), kitǝ (DN Kr.), kili (O) 'jüngere Schwester der Frau; Tochter des jüngeren Bruders der Frau; Mann der Schwester der Frau' ?
Mansi (Vogul): kil (LO) 'Bruder der Frau (свояк); die Schwester der Frau und der Mann der Schwester', (So.) 'Schwester der Frau'
Nenets (Yurak): śel (O U) 'Mann der Schwester der Frau (O), Frau des Bruders des Mannes (U)'
Enets (Yen): séði (Ch.), séri (B) 'Schwager'
Nganasan (Tawgi): sáluŋ 'Schwager (die Männer zweier Frauen)'
Selkup: šäl (N) 'свояк; der Schwestermann, Schwager' ( > Khanty Vj. šeli 'Mann der Schwester der Frau')
Janhunen's version: (77) *käliw
Sammalahti's version: *käläw
K. Redei's notes: *-u!
Yukaghir parallels: kelil 'the husband of the wife's sister or female cousin; the wife of the wife's brother or male cousin; the husband of the husnand's sister or female cousin; the wife of the husband's brother or male cousin'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-janh,uralet-samm2,uralet-redei,uralet-yuk,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kal-
Meaning : female relative
Proto-North Dravidian : *qalī dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-ndr,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *qalī
Meaning : a k. of female relation
Kurukh : xallī "father's younger brother's wife"
Malto : qali "mother's sister"
Additional forms : Also MLT qalapo sister's son; qalapi sister's daughter.
Number in DED : 1318
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVLV
Meaning : female in-law
Amerind (misc.) : Macro-Panoan *kila 'girl' (under *kuna 'woman' R 864)
African (misc.) : Bantu *-kádị̀ 'wife, woman'.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-amer,globet-afr,globet-reference,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *kal-
Meaning: daughter-in-law, wife in a family of her parents-in-law
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-lec,afaset-scu,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 29
Proto-Semitic: *kall-
Meaning: 'daughter-in-law'1 , 'bride' 2, 'sister-in-law' 3, 'wife's sister' 4
Akkadian: kallatu 1, 2, 3, from OAkk on (CAD k, 79); AHw, 426); kallūtu 'status of a daughter-in-law; conjugal love' (CAD k, 85; AHw, 426)
Ugaritic: kl-t 1, 2 (DUL, 441)
Hebrew: kallā 1, 2 (KB deutsch, 455)
Aramaic: Palm. klh 1 (HJ, 510); Sam. klh 1 (Tal 2, 387)
Judaic Aramaic: kaltā 1, 2 (Ja., 645); kallā 1, 2 (Sokoloff, 259)
Syrian Aramaic: kallǝt- 1, 2, 4 (also 'clitoris, praeputium') (Brock., 326-7)
Mandaic Aramaic: kalta 1, 2 (DM, 197)
Arabic: kll 'n'av. ni parents ni enfants (se dit d'un homme)', kall- 'domestique qu'on nourrit chez soi; orphelin' (BK 4 918)
Mehri: kǝlōn/kǝwállǝn 'bride, groom' (JM, 209)
Jibbali: kólún 'bride; bridegroom' (JJ, 130)
Harsusi: kelōnet/kelānōt 2 (JH, 68)
Soqotri: kelán 'fiancé' (LS, 219)
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-uga,semet-hbr,semet-arm,semet-jud,semet-syr,semet-mnd,semet-ara,semet-mhr,semet-jib,semet-hss,semet-soq,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *yVkl
Meaning: 'be a guest at one's parents-in-law'
Ghadames: ekl 'ê. hôte de passage (se dit de la fiancée rec̣ue chez ses beaux-parents, ou après son marriage, chez ses parents)' Lan 149; ta-me-klī-t 'la jeune mariée au jour de la visite' 150
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-ghd,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *kul- ~ *kayl-
Meaning: 'make concubine of slave; keep wife in guard' 1, 'female-in-law' 2, 'woman' 3
Hausa: kulle 1
Diri: (?) nakuluŋ 2
Geji: kilì 3 [Kr N 85]
Zem: kâl 3 [SmS]
Zaar: kǝ̂l 3 [SmS]
Zakshi: kyèl 3 [SmS]
Guus: kǝ̀li 3 [SmS]
Dokshi: kǝlì 3 [SmS]
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-hsa,wchet-dir,wchet-gej,wchet-zem,wchet-zar,wchet-zak,wchet-buu,wchet-dok,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *kol-
Meaning: 'marry'
Lamang: kol (Aharon Marb)
Mandara=Wandala: kǝl (Aharon Marb)
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-lmn,cchet-mnd,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *kalaw-
Meaning: 'presents given to bridegroom by his relations'
Somali: kalo Abr 148
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-som,
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South Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-South Cushitic: *kwalaʔ- ~ *kwaʔal-
Meaning: 'widow'
Iraqw (Mbulu): kwalaʔo
Alagwa (Wasi): kwaʔalitoʔo
Burunge (Mbulungi): kwaʔalitoʔo
Asa-Aramanic: kalaʔayi
scuet-prnum,scuet-meaning,scuet-irq,scuet-alg,scuet-bur,scuet-asa,
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