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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *ć̣q̇(ew)-
Russian meaning: проклинать
English meaning: to curse
Georgian: c̣q̇ew-
Megrel: č̣q̇(u)-
Laz: (n)č̣ḳ(u)-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 253, EWK 531.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-laz,kartet-notes,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *c`VjḳV
Meaning: to curse
References: Cf. *sVḳV.
nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *sṓjk`ì
Meaning: to curse
Russian meaning: ругать
Comments: KW 333, Poppe 109. Hardly borrowed in Mong. < Turk., despite Щербак 1997, 147. Medial *-j-, preserved in Manchu, explains the vowel -i- in Jpn. (otherwise *suk- would be expected). altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *sȫk-
Meaning: to curse, swear
Russian meaning: ругать, бранить
Old Turkic: sök- (OUygh.)
Turkish: söw-
Tatar: sük-
Uzbek: sọk-
Uighur: sök-
Azerbaidzhan: söj-
Turkmen: sȫg-
Khakassian: sök-
Shor: sök-
Oyrat: sök-
Yakut: üöx-
Dolgan: üök-
Kirghiz: sök-
Kazakh: sök-
Noghai: sök-
Bashkir: hük-
Gagauz: sǖ-
Karaim: sök-
Karakalpak: sök-
Kumyk: sök-
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *sögeɣe- / -k-
Meaning: to curse, rebuke
Russian meaning: ругать, винить
Written Mongolian: sögege- (L 730) Middle Mongolian: soko- (HY 35), suke- (MA), suge- (IM) Khalkha: söxȫ-
Buriat: hüge-
Monguor: sgō- 'maudire, injurer, faire des imprécations' (SM 348) Comments: Cf. also WMong. šoɣ 'joke', Dag. (?) čok id. (Тод. Даг. 181).
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sujKu-
Meaning: 1 to curse 2 to caper
Russian meaning: 1 ругать, бранить 2 озорничать
Literary Manchu: sujxu- 2 ( > Nan. sujxu-, sojxo- id.)
Nanai: soị-, (Kur.-Urm.) soqola- 1
Comments: ТМС 2, 104, 121. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-man,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *sikar-
Meaning: to curse
Russian meaning: ругать
Middle Japanese: sikar-
Tokyo: shìkar-, shikár-
Kyoto: shíkár-
Kagoshima: shìkàr-
Comments: JLTT 750. Original accent unclear (both *síkár- and *sìkàr- are possible). japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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