Change viewing parameters
Select another database

Pokorny's dictionary :

Search within this database
Number: 46
Root: aiu̯-, ai̯u-
English meaning: vital energy
German meaning: `Lebenskraft'
Material: Ai. ā́yu- n. `Lebenskraft', substantiviertes Adjektiv zu āуú- `beweglich, regsam'; āyú- m. `Genius der Lebenskraft', davon abgeleitet der s-St. ā́yuḥ n., Gen. āyušaḥ `Lebenskraft' (*ā́iu̯os, Gen. *ai̯us-és); n-St. im Lok. āyuni, Instr. āyunā; yúḥ `Lebenskraft';

    av. āyū n. `Lebensdauer', Gen. yaoš, Dat. yavōi, Instr. yavā, davon yavaētāt- `Dauer', yavaējī- `immer lebend'; yuš m. `Lebensdauer';

    Gr. s-St.: kypr. υαις ζαν (= διὰ βίου); suffixloser Lok. lakon. αἰές `immer'; hom.αἰεί, att. ἀεί (*αιεσι), Akk. att. αἰω̃ (*αιοσα); Dat.-Lok. ohne Erweiterung in ion. αἰί, lesb. ἄι (*αιι) (danach ἀί̄διος `ewig', δην-αιός `langlebend'); n-St.: αἰών m. (und f. nach αἰώς) `Lebenskraft, Lebensdauer', αἰέν `immer';

    alb. eshë `Zeitraum' aus *aiu̯esi̯ā (Jokl L.-k. U. 34);

    lat. o-St. aevus m. und aevum n. `Lebenszeit, Ewigkeit'; hingegen beruhen aetas f., alt aevitas (daraus osk. Gen. aítateís, Akk. aítatúm, päl. Abl. aetatu) `Zeitalter', aeternus `ewig' auf adverbialem *aiu̯i.

    Got. o-St. aiws m. `Zeit, Ewigkeit, Welt'; i-St. adverbiell aiw (*aiu̯i) = aisl. æ, ei (auch in ei-gi `nicht'), ags. ā, ō, ahd. io `je, immer', got. ni aiw `nie', ahd. neo, nio, nhd. nie; ags. n-ā, engl. no `nicht, nein'; aisl. lang-ǣr = lat. longaevus `langlebig'; i-St. auch in aisl. ǣfi, ǣvi f. (*aiu̯i-) `Leben, Zeitalter'; ā-St. in ahd. ēwa f. `Zeit, Ewigkeit', davon ahd. ēwidō `Ewigkeit', ēwīg `ewig'; got. aju-k-dūþs f. `Ewigkeit' aus *ajuki- (= ags. ēce `ewig'), mit idg. g-Suffix + idg. -tūti-;

    toch. A āym- `Geist, Leben', das m von āñm- `Leben' bezogen.

References: WP. I 6, WH. I 21, EM. 21, Feist 30, 32, Benveniste BSL 38, 103 ff, Dumézil BSL 39, 193, Specht KZ. 68, 196, Dekl. 88 ff., Van Windekens 15.
See also: Hiervon abgeleitet *i̯uu̯en- (i̯eu̯-3) `jung'; Specht will auch sehr gewagt *aig-,Eiche' (= `Lebenskraft'?) hierzustellen.
Pages: 17-18
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-seealso,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

Search within this database


Indo-European etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-IE: *aiw-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: lifetime
Old Indian: āyú, loc. āyuni, instr. āyunā n. `life', āyú- mfn. 'living'; ā́yus- n. `life, vital power, duration of life'
Avestan: āyu 'Dauer, Lebensalter'
Old Greek: *acc. ai̯ō̂ `immer', loc.ep., ion. poet., early att. ai̯éi̯, att. āéi, hom. āéi̯, aéi̯, kypr., lokr., phok. aiwéi̯ `immer'; dor. ai̯és, aés `immer', boeot.ai̯ḗ, ēí Hdn., tarent. ai̯ḗ Hdn. 'immer'; ai̯ṓn, -ō̂nos m./f. `Leben(szeit), Zeit(dauer), lange Zeit, Ewigkeit', ep., poet. ai̯én , dn. ai̯é `immer'; ion. ai̯í immer, aeol. ái(n), âi̯i(n) Hdn., thess. ain inschr.`immer'; kypr. üwaís `für immer', dǟ́n-ai̯o-s `lange lebend, lange dauernd'
Germanic: *aiw-i-z (/*aiw-a-z); *aiw-i-; *aiw-ō-; adv. *aiwi-n; *aiw-īn- f.
Latin: aevus, -ī m., aevum n. `Lebenszeit, lange Zeit, Ewigkeit'
Russ. meaning: срок жизни, век
References: Buck 13, WP I 6 f
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

Search within this database


Germanic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Germanic: *aiwi-z (/*aiwa-z); *aiwi-; *aiwō-; adv. *aiwi-n; *aiwīn
Meaning: eternity, life-time, always
IE etymology: IE etymology
Gothic: *aiw-s m. (a/i) `time, eternity'; ni... aiw `never'
Old Norse: ǟvi f. `Ewigkeit, Lebenszeit'; ǟ, ei, ey, öy `immer'
Norwegian: äva `Ewigkeit, Lebenszeit'
Old Swedish: ē `immer'
Swedish: dial. äva `Ewigkeit, Lebenszeit'
Old English: ǟ indecl. `life'; ā adv. `always, ever, for ever', nā, nō `no, not'
English: aye, ever; no
Old Frisian: ēwe f. `eeuwigheid'
Old Saxon: ēwan-dag `eeuwigheid', ēwig `eeuwig', ēo `immer'
Middle Dutch: ēwe, ee m., f. `tijdperk, eeuwigheid'
Dutch: eeuw f.
Middle Low German: ēwe `wigkeit'
Old High German: ēwī st. f., ēwa st./wk. f. `Ewigkeit' (9. Jh.); īo `immer', nīo `nie'
Middle High German: ēwe, ē st. f. 'endlos lange zeit, ewigkeit; altherkömmliches gewohnheitsrecht, recht, gesetz'
German: je, nie
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-oswed,germet-swed,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,

Search within this database


Nostratic etymology :

Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *ḥujV
Meaning: to live
Borean: Borean
Indo-European: *aiw-
Altaic: *oje
References: МССНЯ 341, ОСНЯ 1, 242-243; ND 2613 *Xay[ü] 'live'.
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-reference,

Search within this database


Altaic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *ŏ̀je
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: life, age
Russian meaning: жизнь, возраст
Turkic: *öj (?)
Mongolian: *üje
Tungus-Manchu: *uju-
Japanese: *ǝ̀jǝ̀-
Comments: ОСНЯ 1, 242, Ozawa 65-66 (Mong.-Jpn.).
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,

Search within this database


Turkic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *öj (?)
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: time, age
Russian meaning: время, возраст
Yakut: öjǖn (dial.)
Tuva: öj
Comments: ОСНЯ 1, 242. The form is poorly attested and rather dubious (the Tuva form may be < Oyr. öj < PT *öd q. v. sub *odi).
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-reference,

Search within this database


Mongolian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *üje
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: generation, age
Russian meaning: поколение, возраст
Written Mongolian: üje (L 1001)
Middle Mongolian: uje (SH, HYt)
Khalkha: üje
Buriat: üje
Kalmuck: üj (КРС)
Ordos: üje
Dagur: uje (Тод. Даг. 170, MD 231)
Monguor: uje (SM 479)
Comments: MGCD 691. Mong. > Yak., Dolg. üje (Stachowski 249). The connection with üje `joint' should be regarded as folk-etymological.
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-mgr,monget-reference,

Search within this database


Tungus etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *uju-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: alive
Russian meaning: живой
Spoken Manchu: veixun (695)
Literary Manchu: wei-xun
Ulcha: uju(n)
Orok: uju(n)
Nanai: ujũ
Comments: ТМС 2, 252.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,

Search within this database


Japanese etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Japanese: *ǝ̀jǝ̀-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to grow old
Russian meaning: стареть
Old Japanese: oju-
Middle Japanese: òjù-
Tokyo: oí-
Kyoto: òì-
Kagoshima: oí-
Comments: JLTT 740. Accent in Kagoshima is irregular. Final *-ǝ can be observed in OJ ojo-si 'old'.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,

Search within this database


Long-range etymologies :

Search within this database
Borean (approx.) : HVJV
Meaning : to live
Eurasiatic : *ḥujV
Afroasiatic : *ha(wa)y-
Amerind (misc.) : *ya 'live; house' (R 434); *ʔi 'be' (R 42) [+ K]
Reference : МССНЯ 341; ND 2613.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-amer,globet-reference,

Search within this database


Afroasiatic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ha(wa)y-
Meaning: be, exist
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
Semitic: *hVwVy- 'be, become'
Berber: *iha (<*Hay?) 'be, stay'
Western Chadic: *ha 'to be'
East Chadic: *ʔay- 'be'
Beḍauye (Beja): haay- 'live'
Saho-Afar: hay- 'live'
Low East Cushitic: *ʔa-hay- 'be'
Notes: Cf. *hay- give birth, *hV(ʔV)y- man, husband
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-wch,afaset-ech,afaset-bed,afaset-sho,afaset-lec,afaset-notes,

Search within this database


Semitic etymology :

Search within this database
Number: 1644
Proto-Semitic: *hVwVy-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'be, become'
Akkadian: ewu
Amorite: hwy
Hebrew: hwy
Aramaic: hwy
Notes: Based on *hVw-
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-amo,semet-hbr,semet-arm,semet-notes,

Search within this database


Berber etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Berber: *iha (<*Hay?)
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'be, stay'
Ayr: iha
Ahaggar (Tahaggart): iha
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-ayr,brbet-ahg,

Search within this database


West Chadic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-WChadic: *ha
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'to be'
Mupun: a copula [FrM]
Sura: a [JgS] also copula
Angas: a [JgA]
Mushere: ha, a [TAS:152 *ha]
Fyer: ́
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-gwn,wchet-sur,wchet-ang,wchet-msh,wchet-fyr,

Search within this database


East Chadic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-EChadic: *ʔay-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'be'
Migama: ʔáy [JMig]
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-mig,

Search within this database


Bedauye (Beja) etymology :

Search within this database
Bedauye: haay-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'live'
bedet-prnum,bedet-meaning,

Search within this database


Saho-Afar etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Saho-Afar: *hay-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'live'
Saho: hay
Afar (Danakil): hay
shoet-prnum,shoet-meaning,shoet-saho,shoet-afar,

Search within this database


Low East Cushitic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Low East Cushitic: *ʔa-hay-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'be'
Somali: ahay
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-som,

Search within this database

Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generatedPages generated by this script
6199041423864
Help
StarLing database serverPowered byCGI scripts
Copyright 1998-2003 by S. StarostinCopyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov
Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov