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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *lū-
Meaning: to untie, to set free, to separate
Tokharian: A, B lu- 'send' (Adams 555)
Old Greek: lǘō, aor. lǖ̂sai̯, md. hom. lǘmǟn, lǘto, -nto, ps. lüthē̂nai̯, pf. md. lélümai̯ `lösen, befreien, auflösen, vernichten, bezahlen', lǘǟ f. `Auflösung, Entzweiung', lǘsi-s `Lösung, Befreiung', lǘtro-n n. `Lösegeld', bou̯-lǖtó-s `Zeit des Ausspannens der Rinder, Abend', pl. lǘmata = enékhüra Suid.; dia-, kata-, ana-, sün-lǘtǟs m. `Auflöser etc.'
Latin: luō, -ere, lūī, -itūrus `büssen, abbüssen; bezahlen', reluō `wieder einlösen', solvō, -ere, solvī, solūtus `lösen, aufbinden; ablösen, bezahlen; auflösen, befreien, aufheben',
Russ. meaning: отвязывать, отпускать, отделять
References: WP II 407 f
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-tokh,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *lun=, *lunjan-; *liusan-, *láusa-, *luzí-z, *lúsa-n, *luzá-z etc.
Meaning: loose, free
Gothic: acc. lun `ransom', us-lunīn-s f. (ō) `salvation'; *fra-liusan st. `lose', fra-lusnan wk. `be lost, perish', fra-lust-s f. (i) `loss'; laus (a) `free from, empty'; lausjan wk. `free, rescue'
Old Norse: losa wk. `lose, locker machen; bereiten; fortnehmen'; los n. `Auflösung'; losna `lose, locker werden, spalten, sich trennen', laus-s `frei, ungebunden'; löra, leyra `Stümper'
Norwegian: losna vb.; laus adj.
Old Swedish: Run. -lausR
Swedish: lös adj.
Danish: lösne vb. (< *lusinǭ); lös adj.
Old English: ā-lynnan `erlösen'; lēoran, ptc. -lornn `weggehen, scheiden', lēas `leer, beraubt, betrügerisch, falsch', for-lēosan; to lōre dōn `te gronde richten'; forlor m.; losian `verlieren'; los `Verlust, Untergang'
English: forlorn
Old Frisian: for-, ūr-liāsa; lās `vrij van, zonder'
Old Saxon: far-liosan; farlor m. `verderf'; lōs `vrij, leeg, zonder, beroofd, onvast, lichtvaardig'; loson
Middle Dutch: ver-liesen; ter lōre (leure, luere) stellen (setten, leiden, vallen) `bedrogen uitkommen, te kort schieten'; loos `los, vrij van, vals, bedriegelijk, slim'; ? { lō }
Dutch: verliezen; te leur stellen; te loor gaan; loos; ? { looi }
Old Franconian: lōs `vals, listig'
Middle Low German: lōs `los, frei'; ? lō 'Lohe'
Old High German: far-liosan `verlieren', far-los `Verlust'; forlust `Verlust', lōs `frei, ledig, beraubt, mutwillig, lose', lōsian, losōn `losen'
Middle High German: ? lō, gen. -wes st. n. 'gerberlohe'
German: verlieren, los, ? Lohe f. 'zum Gerben verwendete zerkleinerte Baumrinde'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-oswed,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-olfrank,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *lVjḳV
Meaning: to follow, send, leave
References: ND 1276 *l̄iʔVkU 'to let, let go, move' (with differ. Alt.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *lèjk`á
Meaning: to intend, demand
Russian meaning: намереваться, требовать
Comments: KW 274, EAS 76, Poppe 39, 56, АПиПЯЯ 78. Korean has a "verbal" low tone. The medial cluster with *-j- is in this case responsible for some peculiar reflexes: diphthongs both in Jpn. and Kor. and the palatalized initial reflexes (*ĺ-?) in TM languages. Despite Doerfer MT 51, TM cannot be borrowed from Mong, and - despite Rozycki 150 - Mong. cannot be borrowed from TM. Doerfer (TMN 1, 531) argues fervently against the Mong.-Kor. comparison ("Ramstedt verstößt hier gegen seine eigenen Prinzipien. Man kann das kor. Wort [nǝgi-, njǝgi- in Ramstedt's transcription] natürlich nicht mit dem mo. vergleichen, wenn man (cf. RAM 85!) ursprachlich -k- = mo. -k- = kor. -k-,-kh- ansetzt."), evidently unaware that modern Kor. -g- is a phonetic variant of -k- in intervocalic position. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *neke-
Meaning: 1 to pursue, follow 2 to demand
Russian meaning: 1 преследовать, гнаться, следовать 2 требовать
Written Mongolian: neke- (L 572) Middle Mongolian: neke- 1 (SH, HYt) Khalkha: nexe- 1,2
Buriat: nexe- 1,2
Kalmuck: nekǝ- 1,2
Ordos: neχe- 2
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *leKe-
Meaning: 1 to be busy with smth. 2 to intend 3 to demand
Russian meaning: 1 заниматься чем-л. 2 намереваться 3 требовать
Evenki: ńeke- 1, 2
Even: ńek- 1, 2
Negidal: ńexe- 1, 2
Literary Manchu: lexe- 3
Nanai: leksir- 'to come true (of a premonition)' (?)
Oroch: ńē- 1
Udighe: ńexe- 1, 2
Comments: ТМС 1, 515, 651-652. In Manchu cf. also the derivatives: lexe-me xexe 'prostitute, whore', lexe-le (ǯuj) 'illegitimate, born of a whore', whence WMong. nekelei, Kh. nexlij, Kalm. nekǝlɛ̄ id. (see Rozycki 150). tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *njǝ̀kí- / *nǝ̀ikí-
Meaning: to consider, regard
Russian meaning: считать, рассматривать, предполагать
Modern Korean: jǝgi-
Middle Korean: nǝ̀kí-, njǝki-, nǝiki-
Comments: Nam 103, 106, KED 1161. Cf. also nákí-hă-, mod. nägi-ha- (Nam 86, KED 316) 'to bet, gamble'. koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *niànkà-p-
Meaning: to wish, demand
Russian meaning: желать, требовать
Old Japanese: negap-
Middle Japanese: nègàf-, nègáf-
Tokyo: negá-
Kyoto: négá-
Kagoshima: nègà-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 492
Proto: *likke
English meaning: to move
German meaning: sich bewegen
Finnish: liikku- 'sich bewegen, sich rühren, sich regen'
Estonian: liiku-
Saam (Lapp): lik'kâ- -kk- 'change position, shift, move', lihkka- (L) 'sich bewegen', li̊hki̊- 'arbeiten, machen, tun' ?
Khanty (Ostyak): лȯ̆k- 'aufspringen, sich stürzen', tŏk- (DT) '(ins Wasser) springen', tŏk- (Ni.) 'stürzen, sich werfen'
Mansi (Vogul): luk- (T) 'sich bewegen', luχt- 'bewegen', lǟko-, lǟk- (KU), lǟk- (P), lako- (LO) 'gehen, sich bewegen, schreiten', läkoǝt- (TJ) 'aufspringen', lako- (So.) 'springen'
Selkup: lak͔a- (Ta.), laga- (N) 'sich rühren, schüttern', lagara- (N) 'bewegen', lak͔k͔a- (Ke.) 'arbeiten'
Addenda: Andere Sam (*lǝk3-, SW). Os nicht hierher, aber zu vorherg. (Phon - *l-, nicht*ḷ-, Semant)
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-slk,uralet-add,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : LVKV
Meaning : to follow, send, leave
Afroasiatic : *lVʔVk- 'send, let go' (Sem., Cush.)
Sino-Caucasian : ST *lok 'desire'?
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,
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