Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *k'[ē]s-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to show, to lead

Old Indian: śā́ste, śāsti `to correct, censure, control, teach', ptc. aor. śiṣánt- `teaching', ptc. śiṣṭá- `taught, controlled, shown'; śāstar- `chastiser, punisher'; śāstrá- n. `order, command; treatise'

Avestan: sāsti `heisst, lehrt'; sāstar- `Gebieter, Machthaber, Fürst'

Armenian: sast `Schelte, Vorwurf, Drohung, Strenge, Autorität', sastem `schelte, drohe, schärfe ein, gebiete', sastik `heftig'

Russ. meaning: указывать, руководить

References: WP I 358

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 851

Root: k̂ās-, k̂ǝs-

English meaning: to teach, indicate

German meaning: `zurechtweisen, anweisen'

General comments: nur arisch und armenisch

Material: Ai. śā́sti, 1. Pl. śiṣmáḥ `weist zurecht, züchtigt, herrscht, befiehlt, belehrt', Partiz. Aor. śiṣánt- `unterweisend', śiṣṭá- `zurechtgewiesen, angewiesen, unterwiesen' (jünger śāsta-, wie av. sāsta-); av. sāsti `heißt, lehrt', Opt. sīšōit̃, a-sīšta- `verheißen'; ai. śāstár- `Bestrafer, Gebieter' = av. sāstar- `Gebieter, Fürst', mpers. sāstār `Herrscher', ai. śāstrá- n. `Anweisung, Belehrung, Lehrbuch', av. sāx<sup>v</sup>an- n. `Lehre', sāsnā `Lehre, Gebot', ai. śiṣṭi- f. `Bestrafung, Befehl' (jünger śāsti-), śiṣya- `zu unterweisen', m. `Schüler';

    arm. sast `Vorwurf, Drohung, Strenge, Autorität', sastem `drohe, schärfe ein, gebiete', sastik `heftig' (alles iran. Lw.?).

References: WP. I 358, WH. I 179.

Pages: 533

PIE database: PIE database

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *ḳVcwV ( ~ -c`w-, -č`w-)

Meaning: to think, consider

Indo-European: *k'[ē]s-

Altaic: (Jap. kasikǝ-)

Uralic: *kačV (*kočV)

Eskimo-Aleut: *kǝc-ǝt-

Uralic etymology :

Number: 221

Proto: *kačV (*kočV)

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: to understand, know, be able

German meaning: verstehen, wissen, können

Saam (Lapp): qweitse-, qweitsate- 'animadvertere, intelligere' ?

Komi (Zyrian): kuž- (S P) 'verstehen, können; wissen', kuž^.- (PO) 'verstehen'

Khanty (Ostyak): χoš-, χoč- (DN), χɔš- (Kaz.), χas- (O) 'können, verstehen, imstande sein'

Mansi (Vogul): χāš- (KU) 'können', kē̮s- (KM folk.), kē̮š- (LM) 'können', χās- (So.) 'id., verstehen, wissen'

Eskimo etymology :

Proto-Eskimo: *kǝc-ǝt-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to count

Russian meaning: считать

Proto-Yupik: *kǝc-ǝt-

Proto-Inupik: *kic-ǝt-, *kic-u-

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 163

Yupik etymology :

Proto-Yupik: *kǝc-ǝt-

Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology

Meaning: to count

Russian Meaning: считать, решать (арифм.)

Sirenik: //kitǝ- [Em.]

Chaplino: kǝstáqā, kɨstúnakuŋa*; kǝsáχqaq (t) 'task'

Naukan: kisítāqā

Egegik (Peripheral): Y kǝcǝtǝ-

Norton Sound (Peripheral): kǝcǝtǝ-

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 163, 164

Inupik etymology :

Proto-Inupik: *kic-ǝt-, *kic-u-

Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology

Meaning: to count 1, to understand 2,

Russian meaning: считать 1, понимать 2

Seward Peninsula Inupik: kizit- 1

SPI Dialects: Imaq kizísiûráqtoq 1

North Alaskan Inupik: kisit- 1, kisuiq- 2

Western Canadian Inupik: kisit- 1

Eastern Canadian Inupik: kisit- 1

Greenlandic Inupik: kisit- 1, kisuC- 'to know thoroughly', kisunniʁ- 'to know one's stuff'

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 164, 174

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