Indo-European etymology : List with all references

Proto-IE: *ere-, *rē-

Meaning: to row

Old Indian: arítra- `driving', m. `oar', áritra-, arítra- n. `oar', aritár- m. `rower'

Old Greek: erétǟ-s m. `Ruderer', eréssō, att. -ttō `rudern', eretmó-n n. `Ruder'

Baltic: *ir̂- (1) vb. tr., *ir̂-tl-a- (1) c.; *ar-t-w-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *rō(w)-a- vb., *rṓ-ɵ-u- c., *rṓ-ɵr-a- n., m.

Latin: rēmus, -ī m. `Ruder; Rudern (beim Schwimmen, beim Flug)' ; rēmex `Ruderer'

Celtic: OIr rā- `rudern', rāme `Ruder'

Russ. meaning: грести веслом

References: WP I 143 f

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *ir̂- (1) vb. tr., *ir̂-tl-a-, -ia- (1) c., *ir-kl-ā̂, -iā̃ f.; *ar-t-w-iā̃ f.

Meaning: oar, row

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: ìrti (ìria, ī́rē) `rudern', ìrkla-s `Ruder'

Lettish: ir̃t (ir̨u, īru) 'rudern', ir̃kls, ir̃klis, irkla, irkle 'Ruder; Steuer'

Old Prussian: artwes pl. f. 'Schiffsreise (= 'Kriegsfahrt zu Wasser')' V. 413

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *rōwan- vb., *rṓɵu-z, *rṓɵra-n, -z

Meaning: to row

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: rōa red. (rera, röra) `rudern'; rōδ-r m. `das Rudern'

Norwegian: ro vb.

Swedish: ro vb.; roder, ror

Danish: ro vb.; ror

Old English: rōwan (rēow) `to go by water, row, sail'; rōɵer (-or), -es n. `oar, rudder'

English: row, rudder

Old Frisian: OWFris rōder, rōer m. `roer'

Middle Dutch: roeyen, royen; roeder, roeyer n., m.

Dutch: roeien `met riemen voortbewegen'; roer n.

Middle Low German: rōen, rōien, rōjen; rōder, rōer, rōr n.

Old High German: ruodar n. `roeiriem, roer' (9.Jh.)

Middle High German: ruoder, ruodel st. n., md. rūder, rōder, rūdel, rōdel 'ruder'; rüejen, rüegen, ruogen wk. `rudern'

German: Ruder

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 511

Root: erǝ-1, rē-, er(e)-

English meaning: to row

German meaning: `rudern; Ruder'

Derivatives: erǝ-ter- `Ruderer'

Material: Ai. arí-tra- m. `treibend; Ruder', n. (auch áritra-) `Steuerruder', aritár- `Ruderer';

gr. ἐρέ-της `Ruderer', Ersatz für *ἐρετήρ (= ai. aritár-) wozu fem. ᾽Ερέτρια ON erhalten, ἐρέσσω, att. ἐρέττω `rudere' (*ερετ-ι̯ω, Denominativ), ἐρετμός, Pl. ἐρετμά (statt *ἐρη̃μος = lat. rēmus, nach ἐρέτης, Schwyzer Gr. Gr. I 493²) `Ruder', hom. εἰρεσίη (εἰ- metr. Dehnung) `das Rudern', ὑπηρέτης `Ruderknecht, Matrose'; übertragen: `schwer arbeitender Diener', πεντήρης `Fünfdecker'; εἰκόσ-ορος, τριᾱκόντ-ορος, ion. τριηκόντ-ερος usw. (die -ορος-Formen durch gr. Assimilation von ο aus ε?); ἁλι-ήρης `das Meer durchrudernd', ἀμφ-ήρης `doppelruderig', τριήρης `Dreidecker';

lat. rēmus `Ruder', triresmom, septeresmom Columna rostrata (Grundf. eher *rē-smo- als *ret-smo-);

air. rā- `rudern', imb-rā- `rudern, zu Schiffe fahren' (z. B. Impf. -raad, Perf. imm-rerae `profectus est', Verbn. imram `das Rudern'), rāme `Ruder';

anord. rōa, ags. rōwan, mhd. rüejen `rudern'; ahd. ruodar, ags. rōðor n. `Ruder', anord. rōþr (u-St. *rōþru-) `das Rudern';

lit. iriù, ìrti `rudern', ìrklas `Ruder', ablaut. apr. artwes f. Pl. `Schiffsreise'.

References: WP. I 143 f., Trautmann 105.

Pages: 338

PIE database: PIE database