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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *ter-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: tender; young
Old Indian: tarṇa- m., tarṇaka- m. `calf, young animal'; táruṇa- `young, tender, juvenile', táruṇa- m. `a youth', n. `a sprout'
Avestan: tauruna- 'jung'
Other Iranian: Osset tärɨn 'Knabe', NPers tōla 'junger Hund'
Armenian: thorrn, gen. thorrin `Enkel'
Old Greek: térēn, n. -en, f. -ei̯na `zart'; térü = asthenés, leptón Hsch.; terámōn, -onos `weich (gekocht)'
Baltic: *tar̃n-a- c.
Latin: tener, -a `zart, fein, weich, empfindsam, jung'
Other Italic: Sabin tereno- `mollis'
Russ. meaning: нежный; юный
References: WP I 728
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-arm,piet-greek,piet-balt,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

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Baltic etymology :

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Proto-Baltic: *tar̃n-a- c.
Meaning: servant
Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology
Lithuanian: tar̃na-s `(Herren)diener, Aufwärter'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 1997
Root: ter-2, teru-
English meaning: feeble, fragile, weak
German meaning: `zart, schwach'
General comments: (zu ter- `reiben' als `ab-, aufgerieben, geschwächt')
Derivatives: tor-no- `junges Geschöpf'
Material: Gr. τέρην `zart', sabin. terenum `molle', lat. (nach tenuis umgestellt) tener, -a, -um `zart, weich';

    von der u-Basis: ai. táruṇa-, dial. tálina- `jung, zart' (m. f. `Jüngling, Mädchen', n. `Schößling, Halm'), av. tauruna- `jung', osset. tärịn `Knabe';

    gr. τέρυ ἀσθενές, λεπτόν Hes., τέρυες ἵπποι `abgejagte Pferde' (τερύσκετο ἐτείρετο Hes.: τέρυ = μεθύσκω : μέθυ), τερύνης τετριμμένος ὄνος, καὶ γέρων Hes.;

    lat. tardus `langsam, schlaff, zögernd' als do-Ableitung eines red.-stuf. *teru-?; air. terc `spärlich, gering';

    zur τέρην-Gruppe als `jung, zart; junger Bursche, Tierjunges' auch torno-s in lit. tar̃nas `Diener', ai. tarṇa-, tarṇaka- m. `Tierjunges, Kalb'; arm. t`orn, Gen. t`orin `Enkel';

    alb. trim `tapfer, mutig; m. junger Mann', Pl. trima `bewaffnete Gefolgsmänner' (tr̥mo-), wenn `junger Bursche, jugendkräftig' die Bed.-Entw. war; arm. t`arm `jung, frisch, grün', vielleicht aisl. þyrma `schonen' als Ableitung eines *þormaz `schwach, zart'; ist lat. termes, -itis `abgeschnittener Zweig' die Hochstufe dazu? men-Formans in gr. τεράμων `zart, leicht kochbar', ἀτεράμων `hart, roh', hom. ἀτέραμνος `hart, unerbittlich, unbeugsam'; vermutlich got. þarihs `ungewalkt, neu (von Tuch)', eig. `frisch'.

References: WP. I 728, WH. II 648 f., 665, 670 f., Mayrhofer 1, 483.
Pages: 1070-1071
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *ṭVrV
Meaning: weak
Borean: Borean
Indo-European: *ter-
Altaic: *t`ṓro
Uralic: BF *tōre 'fresh, raw'
Dravidian: *tār_- (*-d_-)
References: ND 2423 *ṭ[o]rʔV 'fresh, new, young' (some confusion with *ṭorV); 2425 *ṭar(V)H[u/ü] 'delicate, thin' (same IE + Drav.; also compared is PA *ti̯āre 'narrow' which would yield another root - Drav.-Alt.).
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *t`ṓro
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: to be weak, hungry, unable
Russian meaning: быть слабым, голодным, не мочь
Turkic: *Tōr-
Mongolian: *tura-
Tungus-Manchu: *turku- / *turke-
Japanese: *tǝrǝ- ( ~ ua)
Comments: KW 411. Despite Щербак 1997, 159, hardly a borrowing in Mong. < Turk.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *Tōr-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 to become lean, hungry 2 lean, hungry
Russian meaning: 1 отощать, проголодаться 2 тощий, голодный
Old Turkic: turuq 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)
Karakhanid: tūr- (ō?) 1 (MK), turuq 1 (MK)
Middle Turkic: turɣun 'fatigué' (Pav. C.)
Uighur: toryɣ 2
Sary-Yughur: tor 2
Oyrat: torɨn- (Верб. - Tel.)
Yakut: tuor- 1, tuor 2
Tuva: dor- 1
Kirghiz: toruq- 1
Kazakh: torɨq- 1
Bashkir: torma 2 (dial.)
Comments: VEWT 489, EDT 530, 539, Clark 1977, 157.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-bas,turcet-reference,

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *tura-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: be lean, meagre
Russian meaning: быть тощим, худым
Written Mongolian: tura- (L 843)
Middle Mongolian: tura-, turu- (SH)
Khalkha: tura-
Buriat: tura-
Kalmuck: tur-
Ordos: turu-
Dongxian: turi-
Monguor: turGan (SM 433)
Comments: KW 411, MGCD 653. Mong. > Khak. tura par- 'to be tired'.
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-mgr,monget-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *turku- / *turke-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: be unable
Russian meaning: не мочь
Evenki: turku-
Even: turku-
Negidal: tujku-
Ulcha: teten-
Orok: teten-
Comments: ТМС 2, 220.
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Japanese etymology :

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Proto-Japanese: *tǝrǝ- ( ~ ua)
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: languid, slack, remiss
Russian meaning: вялый, медленный
Middle Japanese: toro-
Tokyo: toro-
Comments: JLTT 842.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-comments,

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Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-Dravidian : *tār_- (*-d_-)
Meaning : thin, dried
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Proto-South Dravidian: *tār_-
Proto-Telugu : *tār_-
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,

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South Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-South Dravidian : *tār_-
Meaning : thin, dried up
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Malayalam : tār_uka
Malayalam meaning : to become thin, droop
Kannada : tār_, tār_u
Kannada meaning : to become dry, dry up, wither, wane, become emaciated
Kannada derivates : tār_aḍi state of being or becoming dry; tār_iga a dry, sapless man; tar_agu that which is dried or to be dried, dry, fallen or dead leaves, a cake fried in oil and dried; tar_aḷe state of being dry, useless, vain; taraḷu, tarḷu, taḷḷu, tar_al a ripe fruit that has become dry, esp. a coconut
Tulu : tarṇṭuni, (B-K) taruṇṭu
Tulu meaning : to shrivel
Tulu derivates : targoḍè leanness; sarŋgoḍe a slender man
Proto-Nilgiri : *tar_g- (?)
Miscellaneous : KOR (M) darla dried leaves
Number in DED : 3192
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-misc,sdret-dednum,

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Nilgiri etymology :

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Proto-Nilgiri : *tar_g- (?)
Meaning : lean
South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology
Kota : targ aṛ- (aṭ-) "to become lean (for aṛ-, see 79)"
Toda : tōx- (tōxy-) "to become lean, slender"
Number in DED : 3192
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Telugu etymology :

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Proto-Telugu : *tār_-
Meaning : to fall away in flesh, become lean, diminish, be reduced
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Telugu : tāru (B)
Telugu (Krishnamurti) : tār_u
Additional forms : Also trāḍuvaḍu to become lean
Number in DED : 3192
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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : TVRV
Meaning : weak, young
Eurasiatic : *ṭVrV
Afroasiatic : Sem. *ṭrʔ- 'fresh', Berb. *trr- 'new'
Reference : ND 2423.
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