Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *kelǝ-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to lift

Tokharian: B käl(t)s- 'to goad, drive', A, B käly- (PT *käly-) 'stand, stay, establish' (Adams 174 f)

Old Greek: *koléō: koleîn = eltheîn Hsch.

Baltic: *kel̂- (1/2) vb. tr., *kil̂- vb. intr., *kil̂-t-i- (1) c., *kel̂-t-ā̂ (1) f., *kel̂-t-a- (1) c., *kel̂-t-uw-ā̂ f., -iā̃ f., -aw-ā̂ (1/2) f.

Germanic: *xál-ɵ-a-/*xal-d-á- vb.; *xal-d-á- n.; *xil-d=; *xal-ja- vb., *xul-ja- vb., *xal-ō- vb.

Latin: celsus, -a `hochragend, erhaben, hochmütig'; excellō, -ere, -lsus `herausragen, hervorragen', ante-, praecellō, -ere id.

Russ. meaning: поднимать

References: WP I 433 f

Comments: Germ. also to *kel- 'drive'.

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *kel̂- (1/2) vb. tr., *kil̂- vb. intr., *kil̂-t-i- (1) c., *kel̂-t-ā̂ (1) f., *kel̂-t-a- (1) c., *kel̂-t-uw-ā̂ f., -iā̃ f., -aw-ā̂ (1/2) f.

Meaning: lift, move

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: kélti tr. `auf-, emporheben, bewegen, veranstalten, feiern', intr. 'sich erheben, aufstehen', oncoh. kìlti (kī̃la/kìlsta, kìlō) 'aufstehen, aufsteigen, sich erheben', kiltì-s, kìlti-s 'Abstammung, Herkunft, Stamm, Tribus', kilmē̃ 'Abstammung, Herkunft', kélta, kélta-s 'Fährschiff, Prahm', pl. kéltōs, kéltuva, keltuvà, kéltava 'Vieh', keltuvē̃ 'Handgriff, Stiel des Dreschflegels', pl. keltùvēs 'Wecken des jungen Ehepaares nach der Hochzeitszeremonie'

Lettish: cel̂t (cel̨u, cêlu) tr. 'heben; hebend setzen; hebend, den Hals reckend heilen; (hebend) aufrichten, bauen, stiften, gründen; hebend hervorbringen, erheben, bringen, veranlassen, verursachen; (hebend) zum Aufstehen veranlassen, wecken, aufscheuchen u. verfolgen; jem. erheben, wählen, machen; veranstalten, usw.'; cil̂t2 (-stu, -lu) 'sich erheben'; cil̂ts (gen. -s), *cilta 'Geschlecht, Stamm'; cęl̂tava, cęltuva 'Prahm, Fähre'

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *xálɵan-/*xaldán- vb.; *xaldá-n; *xild=; *xaljan- vb., *xuljan-, *xalōn-

Meaning: hold, lift

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: haldan st. `tend, feed, graze cattle'

Old Norse: halda red. `halten; hüten; sich beschäftigen'; hald n. `Halt, Griff; Macht, Schutz; Ansehen; Richtung'

Norwegian: halda vb.; hald `Halt, Griff'

Old Swedish: hald `Halt, Griff'

Swedish: hɔlla vb.

Danish: holde vb.

Old English: healdan `houden, standhouden; bewaren, bewaken, zorgen vor, besturen'; heald `Schutz'

Old Frisian: halia `herbeiholen, heimführen, nehmen'; hlda `houden, vasthouden, handhaven, bewaren, verhinderen'

Old Saxon: geholian; haldan `halten'; `zorgen voor, zich houden aan, houden van'

Middle Dutch: houden `behoeden, bewaren, houden, bezitten, besturen'; houd, holt

Dutch: houden

Middle Low German: hilde, hille `rasch, eifrig'; hōlden `einhelten, veranstalten, festhalten, stillhalten, sich verhalten'hüten, bewachsen, schützen, weiden'

Low German: halen `ziehen'

Old High German: haltan `festhalten; befolgen, (be)hüten'

Middle High German: halten, halden red. v. `festhalten, gefangenhalten, meinen, sich benehmen, an einem Punkt anhalten, stillhalten; hüten, weiden, bewahren, verehren'; halt st. m. 'halt, bestand; ort, aufenthalt, hinterhalt'

German: halten; Halt

Comments: Contamination of the roots `drive' (IE *kelǝ-) and `lift'

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *ḲaLi

Meaning: to rise, raise

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *kolǝn-, *kolǝm- (+ *kelǝ- 'rise' 1548)

Altaic: *kela ( ~ k`-, -o)

Kartvelian: *ḳl- (only Svan.)

Comments: Cf. *ḳElV

References: МССНЯ 335, ОСНЯ 1, 334-335, ND 1046 *ḳal̄(h)i 'high, be high'.

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *kela ( ~ k`-, -o)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to rise, jump up, soar

Russian meaning: подниматься, подпрыгивать, парить

Turkic: *Kạl(ɨ)-

Mongolian: *kali-

Comments: KW 163, 176, 177, ОСНЯ 1, 335. A Turk.-Mong. isogloss; but a suffixed form *kel-k`a- may be discoverable in OJ kaker- 'to fly, soar' (see Miller-Street 1975, 73-75, Street 1985, 641).

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *Kạl(ɨ)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to rise 2 jump up

Russian meaning: 1 подниматься 2 подпрыгивать

Old Turkic: qalɨ- (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: qalɨ- (MK, KB) 2

Turkish: kalk(ɨ)- 2, kal-dɨr- (caus.)

Tatar: qalq- 1,2

Middle Turkic: qalq- (Pav. C., Буд.) 1, (Houts., IM) 2, qal-dur- (caus.) (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qalq- 1, qalqi- 1, 2

Azerbaidzhan: Galx- 1, Gal-dɨr- (caus.)

Turkmen: Galk- 1, Gal-dɨr- (caus.)

Khakassian: xalɨ- 1,2 (dial. Sag.)

Oyrat: qalɨ- 1,2

Yakut: kɨlɨj- 1,2

Tuva: xalɨ- 1,2

Kirghiz: qalqɨ- 1

Kazakh: qalqɨ- 1

Noghai: qalq- 1

Bashkir: qalq- 1

Karakalpak: qalqɨ- 1

Kumyk: qalq- 1

Comments: VEWT 226, ЭСТЯ 5, 224-226.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *kali-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to fly, soar

Russian meaning: парить

Written Mongolian: qali- (L 919)

Khalkha: xali-

Buriat: xali-

Kalmuck: xäĺǝ-

Ordos: xali-

Comments: KW 176.

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *ḳl-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: скала

English meaning: rock

Georgian: ḳlde

Megrel: ḳirde, ḳǝrde, ḳirda, ḳǝrda

Svan: ḳǝlde, ḳ(il)de-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 113, EWK 205. Если данная основа связана со сван. ḳǝltxi 'высокий', na-ḳlatx-i 'высота', то ср. ПИЕ *kelǝ- 'подниматься, вершина, гора', алт. *k(`)alV 'подниматься' (см. ОСНЯ 1, 334-335, ностр. *ḳaLi).

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : KVLV

Meaning : to rise, raise

Eurasiatic : *ḲaLi

Afroasiatic : *ḳul-

Amerind (misc.) : *kali 'above' (R 6) [ + A]

Reference : МССНЯ 335, ОСНЯ 1, 334-335, ND 1046.

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ḳul-

Meaning: lift, rise

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *ḳVlVl- 'raise'

Berber: *ḳul- 'rise'

Central Chadic: *kul- 'lift'

East Chadic: *kal- 'mount'

Semitic etymology :

Number: 1782

Proto-Semitic: *ḳVlVl-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'raise'

Arabic: qll

Berber etymology :

Proto-Berber: *ḳul-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'rise'

Semlal: ɣ(u)li

Central Chadic etymology :

Proto-CChadic: *kul-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'lift'

Higi Futu: kǝli-tò [Kr N 358]

Higi Nkafa: kulu-tǝ̀ [Kr]

Higi Ghye: kulu-dɛ̀ [Kr]

Kapsiki=Higi Kamale: kɨɫ-tè {kr]

East Chadic etymology :

Proto-EChadic: *kal-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'mount'

Lele: kal [WP] monter

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