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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *beñǯ-a- adj.
Meaning: thick
Lettish: bìezs `dicht, gutschliessend, gedrängt, eng aneinander liegend; dick', dial. bìežs = biezs
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lett,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *bheng'h-
Meaning: thick
Hittite: panku- 'gesamt, vereint, allgemein' (Friedrich 157)
Old Indian: bahú- `much, many, frequent, abundant'; bahulá- `thick, dense, broad, wide'
Avestan: bązah- n. 'Höhe, Tiefe', bąšnu- m. 'id.', bāz 'viel', baz 'dick'
Old Greek: pakhǘ- `dick, dicht, wohlgenahrt, feist, gedrungen'; pákhos n. Dicke, pákheto-s id.
Latin: pīnguis, -e, Rom *pingui- `fett, fett machend, fruchtbar'
Russ. meaning: толстый
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-greek,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *bingi-z, *bingiēn, *bungōn, -ēn
Meaning: box, case, etc.
Old Norse: bing-r m. `Teil eines Zimmers; Bett', NIsl bing-ur `Haufe, Vorrat'
Norwegian: binge `Düngerraum'; bunga `kleiner Haufe'
Old Swedish: binge
Swedish: bunge `Wäldchen', dial. bing `Kornkasten', binge `Scheune für Getreide oder Stroh'
Danish: bing `Kasten, Getreidekiste'
Middle Dutch: bonge `Sack'
Middle Low German: binge `kesselförmige Vertiefung'
Old High German: bungo `Knolle'
Middle High German: bunge wk. m. 'knolle'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-oswed,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-mdutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 228
Root: bhenĝh-, bhn̥ĝh- (Adj. bhn̥ĝhú-s)
English meaning: thick, fat
German meaning: `dick, dicht, feist'
Material: Ai. bahú- `dicht, reichlich, viel' `Komp. Sup. baṁhīyas-, baṁhišṭha- (= gr. παχύς); bahulá- `dick, dicht, ausgedehnt, groß, reichlich, viel' (= gr. παχυλω̃ς Adv. bei Aristot., wenn dies nicht jüngere Bildung); báṁhatē (unbelegt) `mehrt sich', bháṁhayatē `befestigt, stärkt'; av. bązah- n. `Höhe, Tiefe', bąšnu- m. ds., bal. bāz `viel', baz `dicht';
gr. παχύς `dick, dicht, feist' (Komp. πᾰσσων), πάχος n. `Dicke' (nach παχύς für *πέγχος = av. bązah- eingetreten), πάχετος `dick; Dicke';
aisl. bingr `Haufen', aschwed. binge ds., ahd. bungo `Knolle', nhd. Bachbunge; dazu mit intens. Kons.-Schärfung aisl. bunki `verstaute Schiffsladung', norw. bunka (und bunga) `kleiner Haufe, Beule', ndl. bonk `Klumpen' u. dgl.;
lett. bìezs `dicht, dick', bìezums `Dicke';
lat. pinguis `fett' ist vielleicht durch Kreuzung eines *fingu-is = παχύς, bahú- mit einem zu opīmus, πίων gehörigen Worte entstanden;
toch. В pkante, pkatte `Größe' (Van Windekens Lexique 96);
hitt. pa-an-ku- (panku-) `all, allgemein'.
References: WP. II 151, Couvreur H̯ 177.
Pages: 127-128
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *bongä
Meaning: thick, swell
Altaic: ?? TM *boŋga 'first, principal' (ND 217: TM *buŋa 'lump')
References: МССНЯ 333, ОСНЯ 1, 182-183; ND 217 *buŋgä (or *buŋä) 'thick, to swell' (without Drav.). Cf. PST *pŏŋ 'swell up'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-esk,nostret-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 827
Proto: *puŋka (*poŋka)
English meaning: tuber, boil, unevenness
German meaning: Knollen, Beule, Unebenheit
Finnish: punka '(kleiner) korpulenter od. dicker Mensch'
Estonian: pung (gen. punga) 'Hervorragendes, Rundliches (Knolle, Knospe, Beule etc.)'
Saam (Lapp): bug'ge -gg- (N) 'bump, lump, hump', bog'ge -gg- 'a short, fat one'
Mordovian: pokoĺ (E) 'Klumpen, Klümpchen', (M) 'Knäuel, Gwschwülst; Stück'
Udmurt (Votyak): pog (S) 'Klumpen' ?
Komi (Zyrian): bugi̮ĺ (S) 'Augapfel, Auge', (Wied.) 'Erhabenheit, Wölbung, Knospe, Auge'
Khanty (Ostyak): puŋkǝḷ (Trj.) 'festgebackener Schnee', poŋχǝl (DN) 'Knollen am Baume', pŏŋkǝḷ (Kaz.) 'Unebenheit (auf Birkenrinde), (Birkenbaum)knollen', puŋkǝt (Trj.), poŋχǝt (DN) 'Geschwür, Eitelbeule'
Mansi (Vogul): pɔ̄χlip (So.) 'Knopf'
Hungarian: bog (dial. bag, göb, altung. bög) 'Knoten'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *poŋ-
Meaning : to swell
Proto-South Dravidian: *poŋ- Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *poŋ- Proto-North Dravidian : *pūq- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-ndr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *poŋ-
Meaning : to boil, swell
Tamil : poŋku (poŋki-)
Tamil meaning : to boil up, bubble up by heat, foam and rage (as the sea), increase, swell (as with joy), shoot up, be elated, burst in anger, be swollen (as a boil or sore), rise, grow high, abound, flourish, be fruitful, cook (tr.); n. prosperity, fortune
Tamil derivates : poŋkal boiling, bubbling, swelling, violent anger, abundance, splendour, boiled rice seasoned with salt, pepper, cumin seeds and ghee; n. pr. of a festival; height, largeness, fulness, abundance, profusion; poŋkam increase, abundance, joy, splendour; pokkam abundance, eminence, splendour
Malayalam : poŋŋuka
Malayalam meaning : to boil over, bubble up, spread (as light, noise, report)
Malayalam derivates : poŋŋal boiling, bubbling up, ostentation; poŋŋikka, pokkuka to raise; poŋŋaccam display, boasting; pokkam height, boiling over, evaporation
Kannada : poŋgu
Kannada meaning : to boil over, burst open, expand, open, blossom, swell, be elated, exult, be overjoyed; n. boiling over, expanding, etc.
Kannada derivates : poŋgisu to cause to expand, etc.; poŋga man of ebullition or of exalted courage; poŋgalu, poŋgil rice boiled with pulse, salted, or sweetened with sugar; (PBh.) poŋgam pride; (Hav.) pokku to pop up, swell; pogasu expansion; buguṭi, buguḍu swelling, protuberance
Kodagu : poŋŋ- (poŋŋi-)
Kodagu meaning : to swell (as grain or stomach)
Tulu : boŋguni
Tulu meaning : to be distended
Tulu derivates : boŋgụ, boŋgu protuberance; boŋkeluni to swell; boŋka big, large; poŋgaḍè proud flesh
Notes : The voiced consonant in Tulu is a problem, but it was certainly contaminated with the large *PVK-/*PVT- family meaning 'blister, bubble, etc.'.
Number in DED : 4469
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *pog-
Meaning : to boil over
Kota : pog- (pogy-)
Toda : pɨg- (pɨgy-) "to bubble up, boil over, (stomach) swells or heaves with exertion"
Additional forms : Also Kota poŋg- (poŋgy-) to increase (intr.) magically in number, (water) springs forth magically, anger increases; poŋgc- (poŋgc-) to increase (tr.) magically in number
Number in DED : 4469
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *poŋ-
Meaning : to bubble up, boil, effervesce, rejoice, be elated, be puffed up, be proud; n. boiling, bubbling, overflowing, effervescence, joy, pride
Telugu : poŋgu
Additional forms : Also poŋgincu to boil (tr.), please, flatter, puff up, coax; poŋgali rice boiled in milk; poŋka pride, haughtiness; bugulu-konu to increase, swell, rise; boppi a swelling; pompiri abundant, full
Number in DED : 4469
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *poŋ-
Meaning : to swell
Kolami : poŋg- (poŋkt-) "to boil over"
Naikri : poŋg- "to expand"
Naiki : phugay-
Additional forms : Also Kolami poŋgip- (poŋgipt-) to make to boil over; (Pat.) poŋgipt iḍḍeng to exaggerate; Naikri poŋgip- to cause to expand
Number in DED : 4469
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-naikri,kogaet-naiki,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *poŋ-
Meaning : to swell
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,gndet-kui,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *poŋ-
Meaning : to swell
Adilabad Gondi : pōŋ-
Number in DED : 4469
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_a,gonet-dednum,
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Konda etymology :
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Konda : pog- (-it-)
Meaning: to boil and overflow, swell into floods (as a river)
Additional forms : Also Konda poŋi- (-t-) to be bloated, swell up
Number in DED : 4469
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-addition,konet-dednum,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *poŋ-
Meaning : to swell
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : pōngali
Kuwi (Schulze) : ponginai
Sunkarametta Kuwi : poŋg- (-it-)
Parja Kuwi : poŋg- (-it-)
Kuwi (Israel) : poŋg- (-it-)
Number in DED : 4469
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-kuwi_s,kuiet-kuwi_su,kuiet-kuwi_p,kuiet-kuwi_isr,kuiet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *pūq-
Meaning : to swell (as rice put in cold water, as the result of a fall, of an illness)
Kurukh : pūxnā
Malto : pog̣ole
Additional forms : Also KUR pūxkā swelling, abscess; pokpokrnā to puff out, bloat, swell much; pēxpēxrnā, pekpekrnā to swell up; MLT pon_g̣je to be increased, be abundant; pūg̣e to swell; pūg̣re to be swollen, pout; pūg̣ro, pūg̣ṭo swollen, a boil.
Number in DED : 4469
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *pǝŋu
Meaning: hill, swelling
Russian meaning: холм, вздутие
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 255
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-refer,
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Yupik etymology :
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Proto-Yupik: *pǝŋu-
Meaning: hill 1, seaway 2
Russian Meaning: холм 1, волнение на море 2
Sirenik: pǝŋúɣnǝχ dim., pǝŋkúɫtaχ magn. 1, pǝŋúχtǝɫǝχ 'embank'
Chaplino: pǝŋúɣnǝq (ʁǝt), pǝŋúχqaq (t) 1, pǝŋúɣaχtáquq 'to pour making hillock'
Naukan: pǝŋúχqaq 1, pǝŋúlǝk 2
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: pǝŋuq 1
Central Alaskan Yupik: pǝŋuq 1
Nunivak (Peripheral): piŋoχ* 1
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 255, 114
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-sir,yupet-chap,yupet-nauk,yupet-aay,yupet-cay,yupet-nun,yupet-ced,
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Inupik etymology :
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Proto-Inupik: *pi̊ŋụ
Meaning: mound, dune, hillock 1, pimple, sore 2, to pimple 3, to swell (wave) 4
Russian meaning: холмик, пригорок 1, волдырь 2, вздуваться 3, набухать (о волне) 4
Seward Peninsula Inupik: piŋu(q) 1, piŋuaq 'burst, rupture', piŋuaqɫiq 2 (infected sore)
SPI Dialects: Imaq pɨŋúqšaq 1, pɨŋúŋaroq 'elevation', pɨŋúliq 'swelling of wave', W püŋu* (püŋūk, piŋŋut) 1
North Alaskan Inupik: piŋu 1, 2, piŋuktāq dim. 1, piŋu- 3, 4, piŋujaq 2
NAI Dialects: B, Ingl piŋoq* 1, Mal piŋuqšaq dim. 1, PH piŋujjaq 2
Western Canadian Inupik: piŋuq 1
WCI Dialects: Cor piŋoq* 1, Sig piŋujaq 2 [Peck]
Eastern Canadian Inupik: piŋuq 2, piŋuq- 3
ECI Dialects: NBI, SB piŋu 'mountain' [Boas]
Greenlandic Inupik: piŋu (pingo*) 1, piŋujak 2
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 255
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-nais,inupet-wci,inupet-wcis,inupet-eci,inupet-ecis,inupet-gri,inupet-ced,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : PVNKV
Meaning : thick, swell
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-reference,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *pV́ŋV
Meaning: to swell
Comments and references : In PST cf. also *pŏŋ id. NSC 52 *pVnKV. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ph(r)ōŋ
Meaning: swell
Kachin: broŋ3 to swell, as steamed rice.
Lushai: pōŋ (pōn) be swollen, uneven.
Comments: An expressive root, somewhat difficult to separate from *pŭŋ q. v.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-kach,stibet-lush,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: �
Modern (Beijing) reading: pāng
Preclassic Old Chinese: phrōŋ
Classic Old Chinese: phrōŋ
Western Han Chinese: phrōŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: phrōŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: phọ̄ŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: phọ̄ŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: phọ̄ŋ
Middle Chinese: phạuŋ
English meaning : swollen belly [Tang]
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *pɨʔŋ
Meaning: tumour
Ket: hɨʔŋ; (Werner 1, 348) hɨʔŋ 'to swell'
Yug: fɨʔŋ, pl. fɨŋɨn5; fɨŋej5 'to swell'
Comments: ССЕ 250. Крейнович 1968 (p. 45) relates here also Ket. hɨ̄ń 'wart'; however, according to Helimski (КС 246), the latter is borrowed from Selk. pǝn / pɨ̄nɨ- 'wart'. Werner, 1, 348, 349 (without reconstructions).
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *phān-
Meaning: to swell
Yasin: phán-
Hunza: phā́n-
Nagar: phā́n-
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *bUŋ
Meaning: to swell
Austroasiatic meaning: to swell
Miao-Yao parallels: Yao boŋ.3 a bump of lump on an otherwise smooth surface; boŋ.2 to rise (as leavened dough)
Proto-Austronesian: *buŋbuŋ
Austronesian meaning: swell up
Austronesian code: 5:152
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-myao,austr-an,austr-anme,austr-ancode,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *pɔ:ŋ / *po:ŋ
Meaning: swell
Proto-Katuic: Kui mpɔ:ŋ.N
Proto-Monic: M poŋ
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-kat,aaet-kmr,aaet-mon,aaet-pawa,
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Khmer etymology :
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Khmer: p]aoŋ
Meaning: to swell
Old Khmer: poŋ
Old Khmer Meaning: swollen, bloated, big with child
Comments: cf. sǝmbaoŋ
References: P319
kmret-meaning,kmret-prnum,kmret-okh,kmret-okmean,kmret-comm,kmret-ref,
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Palaung-Wa etymology :
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pawaet-prnum,pawaet-prpl,
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Plang etymology :
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Proto-Plang: *bo(:)ŋ
Meaning: to swell
Konto: puŋ.2
Konto meaning: to swell
Samtao (Paulsen): pɔŋ.2
Samtao (Paulsen) meaning: to swell
References: P-423: *puŋ.2
prplet-meaning,prplet-prnum,prplet-kont,prplet-kontme,prplet-sap,prplet-sapme,prplet-bib,
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