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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVLV
Meaning : a k. of rodent
Reference : Suggested by V. Glumov.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *gʷVĺV
Meaning: mouse, squirrel
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *gal-
Meaning: dormouse, squirrel, marten
Old Indian: giri- f., girikā f. `mouse' (L.)
Old Greek: ion., att. galéǟ `Wiesel, Marder', galeo-, gali- в comp.
Latin: glīs, gen. glīris m. `Hasel- od. Bilchmaus, Siebenschläfer'
Russ. meaning: зверек (соня, белка etc.)
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 560
Root: geli-, glī-
English meaning: mouse
German meaning: `Maus u. dgl.'
Material: Ai. girí-ḥ, girikā f. `Maus' (Lex.); gr. γαλέη (*gelei̯-ā, ursprüngl. `die mausartige'?) `Wiesel, Marder', woraus entlehnt lat. galea ursprüngl. `*Haube aus Wieselfell', dann `Lederhelm; Haube auf dem Kopf afrikanischer Hühner' (auch galērus `Pelzkappe, Perücke' ist einem unbelegten gr. *γαληρός entlehnt); zu γαλέη auch γαλιάγκων (γαλι- = ai. giri-), ferner γαληόψις, γαλεόβδολον `Taubnessel', eigentlich `Wieselauge', wohl auch γάλιον ds.;
lat. glīs, glīris `Haselmaus, Bilchmaus, Siebenschläfer' (diese Flexion vermutlich nach mūs, mūris); rom. auch *glēre, vgl. frz. loir neben liron.
References: WP. I 630, WH. I 579, 607, anders EM 409.
Pages: 367
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`i̯ū́ĺa
Meaning: sable, squirrel
Russian meaning: соболь, белка
Comments: Дыбо 9, Лексика 163. A Western isogloss (cf. perhaps OJ kase 'sea-urchin'?). In Turkic one has to suppose a secondary fronting *kīĺ < *kɨ̄ĺ (a rather frequent phenomenon). altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *kīĺ
Meaning: sable
Russian meaning: соболь
Old Turkic: kiš (Orkh.)
Tatar: keš
Uzbek: kiš
Oyrat: kiš
Chuvash: kъʷš
Yakut: kīs
Dolgan: kīs
Tuva: kiš
Kirghiz: kiš
Kazakh: kis
Noghai: kis, kiš
Bashkir: keš
Kumyk: kiš
Comments: VEWT 272, TMN 3, 664-665, EDT 752, Щербак 1961, 143, ЭСТЯ 5, 77-78, Лексика 162-163, Stachowski 149 (one of the Turk.-Samoyed. contact words; because of the Tungus parallel, probably Turk. > Samoyed., despite Helimski 1995). The Chuvash form reveals irregular vocalism and may in fact reflect a merger with PT *Küĺül 'rat, mole' (v. sub *k`ĕ̀ĺú). Turk. > Mong. er-kis 'male sable', ebsi-gis 'female sable' (see Clark 1980, 43). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *kulgana
Meaning: mouse
Russian meaning: мышь
Written Mongolian: qulɣana (L 984: quluɣana) Middle Mongolian: quluqana (SH) xuluqana (HY 11), qǝlɣǝna (IM) Khalkha: xulgana
Buriat: xulgana, xulganān
Ordos: xuluGuna
Shary-Yoghur: χunaGlaG
Monguor: xanaGla (SM 155), xulGanaG Comments: MGCD 388; TMN 1, 440 (Mong. > Evk. kulugu, kuluguna). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xulu-kī
Meaning: squirrel
Russian meaning: белка
Evenki: ulukī
Even: öliki
Negidal: ọlọxī
Literary Manchu: ulxu
Ulcha: xolo
Orok: xolo / xulu
Nanai: xulu
Oroch: oloki
Udighe: oloxi
Solon: uluxi
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 224
Proto: *kaδ́wa (*kaδ́wV)
English meaning: female (of small fur animals)
German meaning: Weibchen, weiblich
Saam (Lapp): gađfe (N) 'mustela erminea femina', kȧ̮ɔp̀t̨́E (Ko.), kȧ̮ɔt̨̀p̀E (Not.), kȧ̮p̄t̨E (Kld.) 'Weibchen eines kleineren Pelztieres'
Mari (Cheremis): [koĺá 'mouse' - ВГ]
Khanty (Ostyak): köjǝŋ (V), kĕj (DN), kej (Kaz.) 'Weibchen (bes. vom Zobel, Fuchs)'
Mansi (Vogul): kāl-́śēś (P) 'Wolfsweibchen', kāĺ-sɔ̄wǝr (So.) 'Häsin', kaĺ (N) 'женщина; самка некоторых животных'
Hungarian: hölgy 'Dame; (altung.) Braut, Liebste; Hermelin'
Sammalahti's version: *käδ'wä
K. Redei's notes: *kaüδ'
Addenda: Sam
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-saa,uralet-mar,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-samm2,uralet-redei,uralet-add,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *[xq̇]wĕ[l]ʕǝ́
Meaning: mouse; stoat
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *q̇welʕǝ (~ -ʡ-, -ō)
Meaning: mouse
Notes: A Lak.-Lezg. isogloss; for phonetic reasons this root must be kept separate from PNC *ɦnǝ̄q̇_wǝ̄ 'mouse' q.v. If we assume a suffix in PD *q̇ur-k:V 'rat' (Ak. q̇urga, Ur. q̇urgu etc.), this form could also belong here (*q̇ur-k:V < *q̇ul-k:V).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: ḳulu
Meaning: mouse
Lak form: ḳulu
Comments: Cf. Khosr. ḳulu id. The two roots - *ɦnǝ̄q̇_wǝ̄ and *q̇welʕǝ have influenced one another in Lak.: one of them obtained a lateral "suffix" (uIḳulu), the other one - a velar initial (ḳulu; regularly from *q̇welʕǝ q̇ulu or ulu would be expected).
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *q̇Iʷel
Meaning: mouse
Tabasaran: q̇Iul
Agul: q̇Iul
Rutul: q̇Iul
Tsakhur: q̇Iow
Kryz: q̇al
Budukh: q̇ǝl
Comment: Obl. stem *q̇Iʷele- (cf. Tab. q̇Iula-, Ag. q̇Iulu-/q̇Iula-, Rut. q̇Iulí-, Tsakh. q̇Iowa-). 3d class in all class-distinguishing languages. On the Arch. (noq̇Ion) and Ud. (meIl) forms see under *nVq̇Iʷe-l. Cf. Лексика 1971, 157; Гигинейшвили 1977, 137; Талибов 1980, 306.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Kʷā
Meaning: fox
Tibetan: wa fox.
Comments: Bunan gwa-nu, Chamba-Lahuli gua jackal. Simon 14, Sh. 137, Ben. 34, 166. Tib. w- is unclear (see Ben. 34).
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 狐
Modern (Beijing) reading: hú
Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)ʷā
Classic Old Chinese: g(h)wā
Western Han Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)
Eastern Han Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)
Early Postclassic Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)
Middle Postclassic Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)
Late Postclassic Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)
Middle Chinese: ɣo
English meaning : fox
Russian meaning[s]: 1) лиса; лисий; 2) оборотень; колдун, чертовка, ведьма; 3) подозревать; мнить; мнительность; 4) Ху (фамилия)
Radical: 94
Four-angle index: 4872
Karlgren code: 0041 i
Shijing occurrences: 37.3, 41.3_
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,
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Chinese Dialects :
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Number: 633
Character: 狐
MC description : 遇合一平模匣
ZIHUI: 3698 0926
Beijing: xu 12
Jinan: xu 12
Xi'an: xu 12
Taiyuan: xu 1
Hankou: xu 12
Chengdu: fu 12
Yangzhou: xu 12
Suzhou: ɦǝu 12
Wenzhou: vu 12
Changsha: fu 12
Shuangfeng: ɣǝu 12
Nanchang: фu 31
Meixian: fu 12
Guangzhou: uu 12
Xiamen: hɔ 12
Chaozhou: hu 12
Fuzhou: xu 12
Shanghai: ɦu 32
Zhongyuan yinyun: xu 12
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *kulVp
Meaning: ermine
Ket: kuĺep6, pl. kuĺan5 / kuĺán ( < kuĺa:n3)
Yug: kulɛp6, pl. kulafɨn5
Kottish: hulup, pl. hulupán; (Бол.) xulup
Arin: kulep (Стр.); (Лоск.) kuleb
Comments: ССЕ 241. Werner 1, 449 *kulǝp.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-ari,yenet-notes,
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