Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : PVHV

Meaning : hill, rock

Eurasiatic : *bVgV ( ~ -ɣ-)

Sino-Caucasian : *ṗVHV ( ~ *HVṗV)

Austric : PAA *bʔVh mountain, PAN *ba-baw top

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *bVgV ( ~ -ɣ-)

Meaning: stone, hill

Borean: Borean

Altaic: *bi̯ŭ́ge rock, hill

Eskimo-Aleut: *ujaʁa-ɣ

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *bi̯ŭ́ge

Meaning: rock, hill

Russian meaning: холм, горка

Turkic: *bögür

Mongolian: *böɣerüg

Tungus-Manchu: *bug-

Korean: *pàhói

Japanese: *bǝ

Comments: Cf. *bū̀k`e, *pā̀ko.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *bögür

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: mountain slope

Russian meaning: склон горы

Turkish: böɣür

Turkmen: bövür 'side'

Comments: ЭСТЯ 2, 207. The root is historically different from *bögür 'kidney', but they are hard to distinguish within Turkic.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *böɣerüg

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 mountain slopes 2 hill

Russian meaning: 1 горные склоны 2 холм

Written Mongolian: bögerüg, bögereg

Khalkha: bȫrög 1

Kalmuck: bȫrǝg 2

Comments: KW 57.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *bug-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hill, mound

Russian meaning: холм, бугор

Evenki: buɣa, buɣan

Even: bụɣụn, buɣjeńe, buɣъndъ

Ulcha: bo(n)

Nanai: buen, bugdure

Comments: ТМС 1, 101, 102.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *pàhói

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: rock

Russian meaning: скала

Modern Korean: pawi

Middle Korean: pàhói

Comments: Nam 239, KED 708.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *bǝ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hill, hillock

Russian meaning: холм

Old Japanese: wo

Middle Japanese: wo

Comments: JLTT 503.

Eskimo etymology :

Proto-Eskimo: *ujaʁa-ɣ

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: stone, rock

Russian meaning: камень

Proto-Yupik: *uj(a)ʁa-ɣ, *jǝHa-ma-

Proto-Inupik: *ujaʁa-ɣ

Comments: Some Yupik languages show a metathesis: *uja > *jua-.

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 386

Yupik etymology :

Proto-Yupik: *uj(a)ʁa-ɣ, *jǝHa-ma-

Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology

Meaning: stone 1, anchor 2

Russian Meaning: камень 1, якорь 2

Chaplino: ujʁák (ɣǝt) 1, ujʁīn (tǝt) 2

Naukan: újʁak, ujáʁak 1

Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: jāmaq

Chugach (Birket-Smith): jāmạq

Egegik (Peripheral): Y cīmaq (ʁ)

Nunivak (Peripheral): sīmaχ*

Norton Sound (Peripheral): cīmaq (ʁ)

PAME: *ujaʁa-q

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 386, 388

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ṗVHV ( ~ *HVṗV)

Meaning: top

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Sino-Tibetan: *pɨw ( ~ b-, -iw)

Burushaski: *-phó

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *pɨw ( ~ b-, -iw)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: top, upper part

Tibetan: dbu head (resp.), phu the upper part, spo summit.

Burmese: ǝpaw top, upper part, above.

Kachin: bo¹ the head.

Kiranti: *ʔp[ú]-jV

Kiranti etymology :

Proto-Kiranti: *ʔp[ú]jV

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Meaning: head

Sunwar: 'pija

Tulung: buj

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *pho

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: top, tip

Hunza: -phó

Nagar: -phó

Austric etymology :

Proto-Austric: *ʔbVw(X)

Meaning: top

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Proto-Austroasiatic: *bʔVh

Austroasiatic meaning: mountain

Proto-Austronesian: *babaw / *bawbaw

Austronesian meaning: top, above

Proto-Thai: (bhu:.A hill (rather < Chin) )

Austro-Asiatic etymology :

Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *bʔVh

Meaning: mountain

Austric etymology: Austric etymology

Proto-Khmu: *Po

Khasi: lumbah mountain

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