Change viewing parameters
Select another database
Eskimo etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Eskimo: *ǝmuɣ
Meaning: milk, to be sweet
Russian meaning: молоко, сладкий
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 111
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-refer,
Search within this database
Yupik etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Yupik: *ǝmúɣ- (-ra-)
Meaning: sweet 1, milk 2, to suck milk 3, breast 4
Russian Meaning: сладость 1, молоко 2, сосать грудь 3, грудь 4
Sirenik: //ǝmuɣnǝ- 2
Chaplino: mūɣa (t) 1, mūwatuk* 2
Naukan: umúɣniq 2, umúɣaquq 3
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: muɣ-, //ǝmuɣ- [Rezanov] 3, muk 'nipple, arch. milk'
Chugach (AAY): AP muɣjaiq 4
Koniag (AAY): Kod (m)uxsaiq 4
Chugach (Birket-Smith): mu̮k 2, 'mamma', 1
Central Alaskan Yupik: ǝmuk 1
Nunivak (Peripheral): mux* 1, 2, muɣuzu* 'child's cry for milk'
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 111
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-sir,yupet-chap,yupet-nauk,yupet-aay,yupet-chug,yupet-koni,yupet-chgm,yupet-cay,yupet-nun,yupet-ced,
Search within this database
Inupik etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Inupik: *ǝmmuɣ
Meaning: milk
Russian meaning: молоко
Seward Peninsula Inupik: immuk
SPI Dialects: Imaq ɨmúni-toq, ɨmúnilū adv. 'sweet', W immuk*
North Alaskan Inupik: immuk
NAI Dialects: B immuk*
Eastern Canadian Inupik: immuk
Greenlandic Inupik: immuk (ímuk*)
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-nais,inupet-eci,inupet-gri,
Search within this database
Nostratic etymology :
Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *xamV, *xamŋV
Meaning: taste (*xamŋV 'mouth')
Kartvelian: Georg. xmev- / xmi- 'taste, drink'
References: ND 1871 *q[u]mʔV 'to drink; beverage' compares Georg. with Alt. *umV 'drink' (?? + Sem. *χimʔ- 'butter'); 2588 *XumV 'raw, sour' (IE + Ur + SH). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-esk,nostret-chuk,nostret-reference,
Search within this database
Indo-European etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-IE: *am-(r-)
Meaning: sour, tasting sharp
Old Indian: amla- `sour, acid'
Armenian: amokh `süss'
Latin: amārus, -a `bitter; scharf, beissend, herb, verletzend'
Albanian: ɛmbĺɛ `süss'
Russ. meaning: кислый (и вообще резкий на вкус)
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-arm,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
Search within this database
Germanic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Germanic: *ampra-, *amprōn
Meaning: sharp, bitter, evil
Old Norse: apr `hart, böse; sorgvoll'
Norwegian: amper
Old Swedish: amper `sauer, scharf, bitter'
Swedish: amper
Old English: ampre, -an f. `sorrel or dock (rumex)'
Dutch: amper `scharf, bitter, unreif'
Low German: amper `Ampfer'
Old High German: { ampharo `Ampfer' }
German: { Ampfer }
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-oswed,germet-swed,germet-oengl,germet-dutch,germet-lg,germet-ohg,germet-hg,
Search within this database
Pokorny's dictionary :
Search within this database
Number: 1414
Root: om-
English meaning: raw, bitter
German meaning: `roh, bitter'
General comments: reduktionsstufig om-
Derivatives: om-ro-s, ōmo-s ds.; om-ēd- `rohes Fleisch essend'
Material: Ai. amlá-, amblá- `sauer, Sauerklee' (= maked. ἀβρο-, germ. *ampra-), dehnst. āmrá- m. `Mangobaum', āmá- `roh, unreif' (= gr. ὠμός), āmād- `rohes Fleisch essend'; skyth. VN ᾽Αμάδοκοι aus iran. *āmād-aka- `Rohfleischesser'; arm. dehnst. hum `roh, grausam';
maked. ἀβρο- `zusammenziehend', ἀβαρύ ὀρίγανον Hes.;
gr. ὠμός `roh, grausam', ὠμηστής `rohes Fleisch fressend' usw. (= ai. āmād- mit schon idg. Kontraktion von ōmo- und ed- `essen');
alb. tamlë `(saure) Milch', ambëlë, ëmblë `süß', tëmblë `Galle' (Artikel t-);
lat. amārus `bitter'; air. om `roh', cymr. of ds., dazu air. um(a)e `Kupfer, Erz' = cymr. efydd `Kupfer, Bronze' (*omii̯o-);
germ. *ampra- (aus *ambra- < *am-ro-) in ndl. amper `scharf, bitter, unreif', aisl. apr (*ampraR) `scharf', Subst. ags. ampre, ahd. ampfaro `(Sauer)ampfer'; unsicher ags. ōm m. `Rost', ōme f. `Rotlauf', aisl. āma f., āmu-sōtt f. `Rose' (Krankheit), āmr `rotbraun', nhd. Ahm, Ohm `Rotlauf';
lett. amuols `Sauerklee'.
References: WP. I 179, WH. I 35, Frisk Nominalbildung 14.
Pages: 777-778
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
Search within this database
Altaic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *ắmo
Meaning: mouth; taste (*amo-t`a, *amo-sa)
Russian meaning: рот; вкус (*amo-t`a,*amo-sa)
Comments: EAS 116, 140, Poppe 68, Колесникова 1972а, 73-77, Martin 248, АПиПЯЯ 46-47, 70, 291, Rozycki 18. A common Altaic root with old derivatives meaning 'taste': *ámo-sa- > Turk. *umsa-, Mong. *amsa-, Kor. *más; *ámo-t`a > Mong. *amta, TM *amta-, Jpn. *ántí. The deriving root itself, with its basic meaning 'mouth', could probably also designate 'to taste' in predicative function (cf. the suffixless Jpn. *ámá- 'tasty, sweet' and PT *um- (*'to taste, have a taste for' > 'to hope'). Despite Doerfer MT 19, TM *amŋa 'mouth' cannot have anything in common with Mong. *haŋga 'crack, hole' (on this form see under *àŋa and *p`éŋi). altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
Search within this database
Turkic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *um-, *um-sa-
Meaning: 1 to hope for 2 to envy 3 an object of hope, desire; hope
Russian meaning: 1 надеяться 2 завидовать 3 объект надежды, желания; надежда
Old Turkic: umuɣ 3 (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: um- 1, umdu 3 (MK, KB), umdu-čɨ 'beggar' (MK) Turkish: um- 1, umsan- 1, umu 3
Tatar: omtɨ-l- 1
Uzbek: um- 1 (dial. Khorazm.), umsun- 'to experience a flow of milk in one's breast and a desire to feed a baby'
Azerbaidzhan: um- 1, umsun- 'to be disappointed', umaǯaG 3
Turkmen: ɨmtɨl- 'to wait for food'
Khakassian: umzan- 1 (Верб.) Oyrat: umzan- 'to go in a direction', umza- 'to make smb. to go in a direction'
Chuvash: ъʷmza- 2
Yakut: umsu-gu-j- 'to become keen on, addicted', umnahɨt (*umdačɨt) 'beggar'
Kirghiz: umu- 1, umsun- 1, umtul- 'to strive'
Kazakh: umtɨ- 'to dart, lunge'
Noghai: ɨmtɨ- 'to dart, lunge'
Gagauz: um- 1,
Karaim: um- 1, umsun- 1
Karakalpak: umɨt-, ɨmtɨl- 'to strive'
Comments: EDT 155-156, 157, 158; VEWT 513, ЭСТЯ 1, 595-596. Some derivatives tend to merge with Pers. umīd 'hope' (whence certainly Turkm. umɨ̄t, Gag., Karaim, Kum. umut id.) Not quite clear is the relation of this root to the verb ɨntɨ- 'to yearn', Chuv. ъnDъ- (ЭСТЯ I 653-654). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,
Search within this database
Mongolian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *ama-, *amsa-, *amta
Meaning: 1 mouth 2 to taste 3 taste
Russian meaning: 1 рот 2 пробовать на вкус 3 вкус
Written Mongolian: ama(n) 1 (L 35), amsa- 2 (L 39), amta(n) 3 (L 39) Middle Mongolian: aman (HY 45, SH), aman (IM 432), aman (MA 99) 1, amsa- (HY 25), amsa- (MA 101) 2, amtan (HY 25) 3, amtata'i (SH), omṭaṭā (IM 432) 'sweet', amta (MA 101) 3 Khalkha: am 1, amsa- 2, amt(an) 3
Buriat: aman 1, amha- 2, amta(n) 3
Kalmuck: amṇ 1, amsa- 2, amtṇ 3, am-la- 'to spell, to speak'
Ordos: ama 1, amsa- 2, amta 3
Dongxian: amaŋ 1 (MGCD: aman), amusa- 2, anda-tu 'tasty' (Тод. Дн. 110) Dagur: ama 1 (MGCD am), anta- 2, anta 3 (Тод. Даг. 120, 121) (MGCD: ant), ame 1, amete 'tasty' (MD 114) Shary-Yoghur: aman 1, amsa- 2, amtan 3
Monguor: ama 1 (SM 5), amusa- 2 (SM 7), MGCD amsa-, amata-, amuta 3 (SM 6, 7), amta 3 (MGCD) Comments: Cf. also Mong. *amasar 'cavity, hole'. Тод. Мгр. 314, Тод. ЯМВМ 112, KW 9, 10, MGCD 105, 109; TMN 1, 148, 149., Bur. amhagar 'разверстый'. Mong. amtan > Yak., Dolg. amtan (Kaɫ. MEJ 41, Stachowski 33). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
Search within this database
Tungus etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *amŋa, *amta-
Meaning: 1 mouth 2 to taste
Russian meaning: 1 рот 2 пробовать на вкус
Evenki: amŋa 1, amta- 2
Even: amŋъ 1, amtъ- 2
Negidal: amŋa 1, amta- 2
Spoken Manchu: aŋǝ 1 (27), aŋa 1
Literary Manchu: aŋga 1
Jurchen: am-ŋa (494) 1
Ulcha: aŋma 1
Orok: amŋa / aŋma 1
Nanai: amGa 1
Oroch: amma 1
Udighe: aŋma 1
Solon: amma, angai 1
Comments: See ТМС 1, 38-39. PTM *amta- 'to taste' is hardly borrowed from Mong., since Mong. amta(n) is used only as a noun; however, forms like Evk. amta etc. 'taste', as well as -la-derivatives (Evn. amtъ̣l-, Nan. amtala- etc.) are most probably < Mong., see Doerfer MT 19. For PTM *amŋa 'mouth' borrowing is excluded. The stem *amŋa within TM tends to contaminate with *aŋa 'hole' (v. sub *àŋa), which is obviously a secondary development. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
Search within this database
Korean etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Korean: *más
Meaning: taste
Russian meaning: вкус
Modern Korean: mat [mas], mǝt [mǝs]
Middle Korean: más
Comments: Nam 203, KED 588, 614. koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
Search within this database
Japanese etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Japanese: *ámá-, *ántí
Meaning: 1 taste 2 tasty, sweet
Russian meaning: 1 вкус 2 вкусный, сладкий
Old Japanese: adi 1, ama- 2
Middle Japanese: ádí 1, ámá- 2
Tokyo: àji 1, àma- 2
Kyoto: ájí 1, ámà- 2
Kagoshima: áji 1, áma- 2
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
Search within this database
Uralic etymology :
Search within this database
Number: 17
Proto: *aŋe
English meaning: opening, hole
German meaning: Öffnung, Einschnitt, Vertiefung
Saam (Lapp): vuoŋȃs -gŋ- 'halter or band on the muzzle of a dog, to prevent it from biting reindeer' (N), vuoŋasti- '(einen Hund) mit Maulkorb versehen' (L)
Mordovian: on-kśt́, oj-kst (E), ov-ks (M) 'Gebiß am Zaum'
Mari (Cheremis): äŋ 'Mündung' (KB), aŋ 'Öffnung des Sacks' (PS)
Udmurt (Votyak): i̮m (S), ǝ̑m (K), ị̑m (G) 'Mund, Öffnung, Mündung'
Komi (Zyrian): vom (S), ve̮m (Ud.), e̮m (P) 'Mund, Mündung', u̇m (PO) 'Mund'
Khanty (Ostyak): ŏŋ (V), oŋ (DN), uŋ (O) 'Mund, Mündung'
Hungarian: aj, áj (dial.) 'Kerbe; Tal, Schlucht', ajak 'Lippe'
Nenets (Yurak): ńaʔ (O), ńāŋʔ (Nj.) 'Mund'
Enets (Yen): êʔ (gen. eoʔ) (Ch.), naʔ (gen. nâʔ) (B)
Nganasan (Tawgi): ŋâŋ
Selkup: oang (Ta.), aang, ā́ng (Ke.), āq (Ty.) 'Flußmündung', åq (Tur.)
Kamass: aŋ
Janhunen's version: (106) *аŋi6
Sammalahti's version: *аŋi6
Addenda: Koib. an, Mot. ag-ma, Karag. ен-де; Taig. äŋ-de
K. Reshetnikov's notes: The appearance of *ä- in Samoyed *äŋ in the place of Ur. *a (or *ō?) is probably due to a contamination with *äŋǝ- 'chin' (< *Ur. *äŋ/e/, see 44). It is also possible that we deal with a purely phonetical phenomenon - indeed, such development is observed in some cases (see, for instance, URAET 19; cf. also Janhunen 1981, 255-256), but a satisfactory explanation for it is still to be found.
References: FUV; КЭСКЯ; MUSz. 721, 723; EtSz.; SzófSz.; MSzFgrE; TESz.; Paas. Beitr. 27; Stein. Fgr.Vok. 45
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-janh,uralet-samm2,uralet-add,uralet-reshet,uralet-lit,
Search within this database
Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *vaŋ-ɣъrŋ̣ъ-
Meaning (Rus.): устье
kamet-prnum,kamet-meaning,kamet-chuk,kamet-itel,
Search within this database
Chukchee-Koryak etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *baŋ-ɣъrŋъ-n
Meaning (Rus.): устье
Koryak: vanɣǝjŋǝ-n, váŋ-ɣǝjŋǝ-n, vaŋǝ́-nǝ
Comments: Во второй части представлен суффикс *-ɣъrŋъ-n, означающий 'отверстие' (17).
chuket-prnum,chuket-meaning,chuket-kor,chuket-comments,
Search within this database
Itelmen etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Itelmen: *'anxsx
Meaning (Rus.): устье
Itelmen: 'anxs
Itelmen meaning: устье
West Itelmen: 'anxs_k, 'anxsx
West Itelmen meaning: ostium fluminis
West Itelmen meaning (Polish): ujście rzeki
South Itelmen: 'au̯sxad
South Itelmen meaning (Latin): ostium fluminis
South Itelmen meaning (Polish): ujście rzeki
Number in Volodin 1976: 61
Comments: В публикации матеpиалов Дыбовского непpавильное пpочтение pус. pукописного "с" = [s] как "е" = [e].
itelet-prnum,itelet-meaning,itelet-ite,itelet-itemea,itelet-wit,itelet-witmea,itelet-witmep,itelet-sit,itelet-sitmea,itelet-sitmep,itelet-vol,itelet-comments,
Search within this database
Long-range etymologies :
Search within this database
Borean (approx.) : HVMV
Meaning : to taste, sour
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-austr,globet-reference,
Search within this database
Afroasiatic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ḥamʕ/ʔ-
Meaning: salt
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,
Search within this database
Semitic etymology :
Search within this database
Number: 941
Proto-Semitic: *ḥVmVʕ-
Meaning: 'be sour'
Hebrew: ḥmʕ
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-hbr,
Search within this database
Egyptian etymology :
Search within this database
Old Egyptian: ḥmꜣ.t
Meaning: 'salt' (med)
Notes: Vocalic -ꜣ
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,egyet-notes,
Search within this database
West Chadic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-WChadic: *Ham-
Meaning: 'salt'
Fyer: amâ
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-fyr,
Search within this database
Central Chadic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-CChadic: *Hu/om--
Meaning: 'salt' 1, 'sel vegetal' 2
Mbara: hùmùngís 1 [TMba]
Munjuk: hum 2 [TMnj]
Musgu: ḥɔm 1 [LMsg]
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-mba,cchet-mnj,cchet-msg,
Search within this database
Austric etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Austric: *ʔVm
Meaning: sweet, bitter
Austroasiatic meaning: bitter, sweet
Miao-Yao parallels: Yao im.2 be bitter
Proto-Thai: ʔǝ:m.A sweet
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-myao,austr-tai,
Search within this database
Austro-Asiatic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Austro-Asiatic: ʔVm
Meaning: bitter, sweet
Thai: ʔǝ:m.A sweet
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-kat,aaet-kmr,aaet-pawa,
Search within this database
Katuic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Katuic: *jʔiɛm
Meaning: delicious
Presyllable: Q- / #
References: P-1191; TK15.212
Notes: some forms may be borrowed from KMR ʔɛ:m
katet-meaning,katet-prpr,katet-prnum,katet-wkat,katet-ekat,katet-bibref,katet-notes,
Search within this database
West Katuic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-West Katuic: *ʔe:m
Meaning: delicious
Presyllable: #
Bru Van Keu: ʔem.T
Bru Van Keu meaning: delicious
So: ʔɛ:m.N
So meaning: good tasting
Bru: ʔ̃ɛ:m.N
Bru meaning: delicious
Sou: ʔɛ̃m
Kui: ʔɛm.N V?
Kui meaning: delicious
wkatet-meaning,wkatet-wpre,wkatet-prnum,wkatet-vkv,wkatet-vkvme,wkatet-so,wkatet-some,wkatet-bru,wkatet-brume,wkatet-sou,wkatet-kui,wkatet-kuime,
Search within this database
East Katuic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-East Katuic: *jʔiam / *ʔiam
Meaning: delicious
Presyllable: Q-
Pakoh: ʔjiam.T
Pakoh meaning: delicious
Lao Katu: ʔiam
Lao Katu meaning: delicious, be happy
Ngeq: ʒiam
Ngeq meaning: delicious, good, tasty
Kri: ʔjiɛm
Kantu dialects: ʔɛ:m
Triw: ʔiǝm
Dakkan dialects (1): ʔiʌm
Katu dialects (1): ʔiem
Katu dialects (2): ʔiem
Katu dialects (4): ʔiem
Katu meaning: delicious
ekatet-meaning,ekatet-epre,ekatet-prnum,ekatet-pak,ekatet-pakme,ekatet-lka,ekatet-lkame,ekatet-nge,ekatet-ngeme,ekatet-kr,ekatet-kntt,ekatet-tr,ekatet-dkl,ekatet-and,ekatet-hka,ekatet-kph,ekatet-katme,
Search within this database
Khmer etymology :
Search within this database
Khmer: lhe:m
Meaning: (of speech) be sweet; ʔe:m be sweet
Old Khmer: lhem
Old Khmer Meaning: very sweet
References: P425, JP408, JP430
kmret-meaning,kmret-prnum,kmret-okh,kmret-okmean,kmret-ref,
Search within this database
Palaung-Wa etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Palaung-Wa: *ʔVm
Meaning: salty
Proto-Wa: Lawa ʔǝom
Riang: wɔm.1
Riang meaning: be pungent in taste
pawaet-meaning,pawaet-prnum,pawaet-prwa,pawaet-prpl,pawaet-riang,pawaet-rimeam,
Search within this database
Plang etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Plang: *ʔɨm
Meaning: salty
Bulang: ʔǝm.1
Bulang meaning: salty
Konto: ʔɨm.1
Konto meaning: salty
References: P-497: *ǝm.1
prplet-meaning,prplet-prnum,prplet-mane,prplet-manme,prplet-kont,prplet-kontme,prplet-bib,
Search within this database
Select another database
Change viewing parameters
| Total pages generated | Pages generated by this script | | 664346 | 1592912 |
| Help
|
| StarLing database server | Powered by | CGI scripts | | Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin |  | Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov
Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov |
|
