Telugu etymology : List with all references

Proto-Telugu : *krāl-

Meaning : to move, turn round, exist, behave, (K also) shake, tremble, wave (as a banner), wander

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : krālu

Additional forms : Also krāl(u)gaṇṭi a sparkling-eyed woman (translation of Skt. cañcala-akṣi-)

Number in DED : 1349

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *kaẓ-[al-]

Meaning : to loosen; loose

Proto-South Dravidian: *kaẓal-

Proto-Telugu : *krāl-

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *kaṛ-[e]ŋ-

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *kaẓal-

Meaning : to be loose; to loosen

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : kaẓal (kaẓalv-, kaẓan_r_-)

Tamil meaning : to become loose (as a fastening, shoe, handle, hair, part of any mechanism), be unhinged, slip off, slough off, become extricated, disentangled, be put out of joint, fall out (as a loose tooth)

Tamil derivates : kaẓar_r_u (kaẓar_r_i-) to unfasten, loosen, unhinge, dislocate, unlock, disentangle, extricate, strip, take off, divest, remove; kaẓāala (inf.) to unloose or divest; kaẓāl weeding, uprooting; kaẓālu (kaẓāli-) to become loose; kaẓi (-v-, -nt-) to be removed; (-pp-, -tt-) to remove, strip off

Malayalam : kaẓaluka

Malayalam meaning : to slip

Malayalam derivates : kaẓar_r_uka to slip off, put off; kaẓiyuka to become loose, undone; kaẓikka to unloose, untie, remove

Kannada : kaẓal

Kannada meaning : to slip off, drop down, get loose; throw away, remove, pull out (as a sword)

Kannada derivates : kaẓalcu to make separate, pull out, remove; kaẓi to unloose, remove; kaḷe to become loose; draw out (as a sword from a sheath), remove, throw away; kaḷacu to become loose; kaḷa state of being loose

Kodagu : kay- (kayp-, kayc-)

Kodagu meaning : to remove, undo (knot)

Tulu : kaḷeyuni, kaḷevuni

Tulu meaning : to become loose (as the bands of a box, etc.)

Proto-Nilgiri : *kaṛǝl-

Number in DED : 1349

Nilgiri etymology :

Proto-Nilgiri : *kaṛǝl-

Meaning : to fall from height, (fruit, leaves) fall from tree

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Toda : kāl- (kād_-)

Additional forms : Also Toda kāt_- (kāt_y-) to make to fall from tree, pluck, shed (tears)

Number in DED : 1349

Gondwan etymology :

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *kaṛ-[e]ŋ-

Meaning : to be shaken, shake

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Gondi : *kaṛeŋ- (caus. *kaṛ-s-)

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *kṛaŋ-

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *kṛeŋ- (caus. *kṛek-)

Notes : An ultrashort epenthetical -e- seems to be present already on the PGn level (cf. Gondi vs. Kui forms). However, since there is no development *-e- > *-ä- in PK, the root should be reconstructed as monosyllabic.

Gondi etymology :

Proto-Gondi : *kaṛeŋ- (caus. *kaṛ-s-)

Meaning : to shake, swing; to open

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Betul Gondi : kaṛēngānā "to be swung or shaken, as a coat on a peg"

Muria Gondi : kaṛŋguṛ "movement of opening a door"

Chindwara Gondi : kaṛŋg- "to sway"

Adilabad Gondi : karengānā "(SR) to move"

Additional forms : Also Gondi_Tr kaṛhūttānā to swing (tr.); Gondi_A (SR) kaḍusānā to shake (tr.)

Number in DED : 1349

Number in CVOTGD : 577